纳米ZnO的表面改性及ZnO/UPR复合材料的制备

以无水乙醇为介质,用油酸和硬脂酸对纳米ZnO进行表面改性,将改性后的纳米粒子以粉末形式直接加入或制成苯乙烯悬浮液的形式经过高能超声作用加入不饱和聚酯(UPR)中制备ZnO/UPR复合材料。通过亲油化度、红外图谱来表征油酸和硬脂酸的改性效果。通过TEM分析粒子在UPR中的分散效果。在万能试验机上测量ZnO/UPR复合材料的弯曲强度。结果表明,油酸改性纳米ZnO的效果好于硬脂酸,高能超声作用可以很大程度提高纳米粒子在树脂体系里的分散性,粒子以苯乙烯悬浮液的形式加入UPR中的分散效果更好,纳米ZnO质量分数为1%时ZnO/UPR复合材料的弯曲性能最好。     

丙烯酸树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石纳米复合材料的结构和性能研究

以丙烯酸酯类单体和丙烯酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石为聚合单体进行乳液聚合,制备丙烯酸树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石复合材料。对其进行X射线衍射、扫描电镜、力学性能、热学性能分析,结果表明:丙烯酸树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石复合材料为纳米复合材料,丙烯酸柱撑水滑石片层较均匀地分散于丙烯酸树脂基体中,且有部分片层发生剥离,其强度和韧性等力学性能明显提高,改善了纯丙烯酸树脂乳液"热黏冷脆"的缺陷,具有优异的力学和热学性能。     

ZnO纳米棒提高碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料界面性能

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料因其高的比强度和比模量,在航空航天等领域被广泛地应用。目前,碳纤维与树脂的界面性能是制约复合材料性能的关键因素。通过简单的水热法,在碳纤维表面合成了ZnO纳米棒阵列。在不同的生长时间下,制备了具有不同长度的ZnO纳米棒。ZnO纳米棒改性之后树脂对碳纤维的浸润性能明显提高。同时,复合材料的界面剪切强度得到明显提升,最大增幅达到了28.4%。通过扫描电子显微镜观测了单丝拔出后碳纤维的表面形貌,结果表明:改性碳纤维单丝拔出后表面粗糙而且残留了断裂的树脂基体,进一步证明碳纤维表面生长ZnO纳米棒之后界面强度得到改善。     

改性纳米氧化锌对丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层防腐性能的影响

为了改善纳米ZnO在涂料中的分散性,以钛酸酯偶联剂对其进行改性。研究了丙烯酸聚氨酯清漆、含未改性纳米氧化锌的丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层和添加钛酸酯偶联剂改性后的纳米氧化锌的丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层的防腐蚀性能。结果表明,经过钛酸酯偶联剂改性的纳米ZnO其团聚现象明显消失,与涂料表现出良好的相容性,所得的复合涂层的抗渗透能力明显比清漆和含未改性纳米ZnO复合涂层强。改性纳米ZnO显著提高了丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料的防腐性能。     

热固性树脂/纳米SiO2复合材料性能影响因素的分析

热固性树脂/纳米SiO2复合材料在添加纳米SiO2微粒后具有明显的成核效应。复合材料可显示低诱导期、高结晶速率和较小的半结晶时间等特点。同时纳米SiO2微粒的加入可提高储能模量(Es)、玻璃化转变温度(Tg),且二者的变化都与纳米SiO2微粒的质量分数成正比关系。这表明纳米SiO2微粒与热固性树脂之间存在较强的界面作用。对热固性树脂/纳米SiO2复合材料性能影响因素进行了分析。     

LLDPE/纳米ZnO复合材料熔体流变性的研究

将纳米ZnO(或改性纳米ZnO)与LLDPE经Brabender挤出机熔融共混制备了LLDPE/纳米ZnO复合材料,采用毛细管流变仪和HAAKE转矩流变仪研究了该复合材料的熔体流变性能,讨论了纳米ZnO、改性纳米ZnO及KH550偶联剂含量对LLDPE熔体流变性能的影响。结果表明:少量纳米ZnO的加入略提高了LLDPE的表观黏度、黏流活化能和熔体的平衡转矩,改性纳米ZnO复合材料的表观黏度比未改性纳米ZnO复合材料的略低。     

硅丙树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石纳米复合材料的制备

以Mg-Al水滑石为前体,采用返混沉淀法进行插层组装合成丙烯酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石;以有机硅预聚体、丙烯酸酯类单体和丙烯酸根阴离子柱撑水滑石为聚合单体进行乳液聚合制备硅丙树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石复合材料。对其进行红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析。结果表明:丙烯酸根阴离子可以插入Mg-Al水滑石层间,形成具有超分子结构的阴离子柱撑水滑石;丙烯酸树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石复合材料为纳米复合材料,丙烯酸柱撑水滑石片层较均匀地分散于丙烯酸树脂基体中,且有部分片层发生剥离。     

纳米SiO2／水性丙烯酸树脂复合材料的制备及工艺研究

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸为原料,纳米SiO2为改性剂,通过原位聚合法和共混法制备了水性丙烯酸树脂纳米复合材料。研究了纳米粒子的加入量对树脂硬度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、耐候性、热稳定性的影响,利用IR、TEM、TG等测试技术对纳米SiO2／水性丙烯酸树脂进行了表征。试验结果表明：纳米SiO2的加入使聚丙烯酸酯分子链之间增加了交联度,其力学性能有所提高;随着纳米SiO2含量的上升,硬度和拉伸强度都有较大的增加,而吸水率和断裂伸长率相应减小。同时由原位聚合法制备的水性丙烯酸树脂纳米复合材料的热分解温度也要高于共混法制备的水性丙烯酸树脂纳米复合材料。     

LDH有机改性对硅丙树脂复合膜的性能影响研究

采用原位聚合法制备出硅丙树脂/LDH纳米复合材料,对其膜进行热学性能、光学性能、气体阻隔性能分析。结果表明:硅丙树脂/丙烯酸柱撑水滑石复合材料为纳米复合材料,其玻璃化温度消失,改善了"热粘冷脆"的缺陷; LDH含量为3%的硅丙树脂/LDH样品的降解温度为470℃,比纯硅丙树脂高出77℃;且随纳米水滑石的质量分数的增加,成膜氧气的透过率降低,而水蒸气的透过率略呈上升趋势;成膜的透光率增加,雾度降低,且在其约为3%时达到峰值。该材料具有优异热学性能、光学化性能和气体阻隔性能。     

基于纳米ZnO的混合粒子/聚氨酯复合材料的性能研究

采用原位聚合法将纳米ZnO(氧化锌)与PU(聚氨酯)进行复合,然后加入AA(丙烯酸)原位生成ZDA(丙烯酸锌),制备添加有不同比例ZnO和ZDA混合粒子的PU复合材料。考察了AA添加量对PU复合材料固化速率、力学性能、耐介质性能和动态力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:AA的加入可提高PU复合材料的固化速率、力学性能以及耐有机溶剂性能;当n(AA)∶n(ZnO)=1∶2时,其综合性能最好。随着AA添加量的增加,PU复合材料的储能模量、交联密度总体呈现下降趋势,而其玻璃化转变温度(T_g)有所提高。     

Characterization of the dispersion of tetrapod-like nano-ZnO whiskers in acrylic resin and properties of the nano-composite coating system

Tetrapod-like nano-ZnO whiskers were prepared by physical method. For small size and surface effect of nano materials, aggregation tendency should be resolved before practical application. Hence, different dispersing methods were designed and examined. Nano-ZnO/acrylic resin composite coatings were prepared to form nano-functional coatings. It was observed that the composite with uniform distribution of nano-ZnO in the acrylic resin had multifunctionalities. Different treatment methods for tetrapod-like nano-ZnO whiskers demonstrate an intensified affect on the final functional effects of composite coatings. The coatings can be used for plastic materials, etc. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the functions were also analyzed for the sake of understanding.     

Tetrapod-like nano-particle ZnO/acrylic resin composite and its multi-function property

Tetrapod-like nano-particle ZnO/acrylic resin composite was prepared by a direct dispersing method forming a multi-function coating. The composite with uniform distribution of nano-ZnO in the acrylic resin have both anti-electrostatic and antibacterial functions. The coatings can be used for plastic materials or others. The mechanisms of the electrostatic and antibacterial functions were also analyzed.     

Fabrication of an epoxy graft poly(St-acrylate) composite latex and its functional properties as a steel coating

A novel method for preparing epoxy graft poly(St-acrylate) composite latex with high graft ratio has been devised. First, esterification was carried out between acrylic acid and an epoxy resin using the monomer as the solvent. The obtained sample, still in solution in the monomer, was emulsified to miniemulsion droplets together with other monomers. Finally, the epoxy graft acrylate composite latex was prepared by miniemulsion copolymerization. This technology will eliminate pollution arising from the organic solvent when solvent-borne systems are used. The enhanced graft ratio was confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR measurements. The results indicated that the acrylic monomer was grafted onto the epoxy chain. TEM showed the graft composite latex to have a spherical structure with diameter 100 nm. The adhesive performance and anti-corrosive properties on a steel substrate, as measured by salt-spray resistance, were maximized when 4.0% acrylic acid was added to the epoxy resin. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) has been employed to test the damping properties of the composite latex coatings. It was interesting that the tan δ peak values of the coatings were as high as 2.15, clearly exceeding those of general damping materials. Our findings suggest great potential for the composite latex in the field of functional steel coatings.     

纳米ATO透明隔热涂料的研制

以有机硅乳液改性丙烯酸树脂为成膜物,以纳米掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉体为颜填料,在助剂的配合下制备成水性纳米透明隔热涂料,将其涂刷在玻璃表面,形成一层透明隔热涂膜,在满足采光需要的同时,又使玻璃具有一定的隔热功能。     

聚酯丙烯酸热变色涂料的研究

叙述了聚酯丙烯酸树脂和热变色材料的制备方法，并将热变色材料分散于聚酯丙烯酸树脂中，制备出高性能的热变色涂料。结果表明：聚酯丙烯酸热变色涂料的性能优良，受热变色效果明显。     

Preparation and characteristics of a waterborne preventive stain coating material with organic-inorganic composites

With the goal of developing a waterborne coating material that prevents staining, organic-inorganic composites prepared from colloidal silica and two types of acrylic resin emulsions were investigated as exterior coatings. conventional acrylic resin emulsion and organic silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion prepared by emulsion polymerization were mixed with colloidal silica to form organic-inorganic comiposite films. The addition of colloidal silica to emulsions yielded films with higher hydrophilicities, as indicated by lower water contact angles for these films in comparison to films without colloidal silica. The water contact angles of organic silane hybridized acrylic resin emulsion/colloidal silica films were lower than those of acrylic resin emulsion/colloidal silica films. Composite films containing colloidal silica particles smaller than 100 nm in diameter showed high hydrophilicities. Observations of the dispersed state of colloidal silicaparticles in organic-inorganic composite films by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that colloidal silica particles were densely aggregated on the film surface. Outdoor exposure tests of the coating materials prepared from organic silane hybridized acrylic resin and colloidal silica particles with diameters of 7.5 nm showed excellent stain resistance.     

丙烯酸树脂的纳米材料改性研究进展

纳米粒子具有量子尺寸、小尺寸、表面界面等特殊效应,它能使丙烯酸树脂的耐老化性、耐腐蚀性、抗辐射性和耐冲击性等得到提高,纳米材料已广泛应用于丙烯酸树脂的改性。本文介绍了纳米二氧化硅、纳米二氧化钛、纳米碳酸钙、纳米蒙脱土等对丙烯酸树脂的改性研究进展,展望了纳米材料改性丙烯酸树脂的研究前景。     

纳米聚丙烯酸酯改性纳米Mg(OH)_2及其在LDPE中的应用

采用纳米聚丙烯酸酯乳液改性纳米Mg(OH)2,通过单螺杆挤出机制备了纳米Mg(OH)2/低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)复合材料,利用红外光谱、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法对改性前后的Mg(OH)2及Mg(OH)2/LDPE复合材料进行了表征。结果表明:纳米Mg(OH)2表面经纳米聚丙烯酸酯乳液改性后吸附上了一层聚丙烯酸酯;纳米聚丙烯酸酯乳液改性提高了纳米Mg(OH)2的热稳定性,分解温度提高了27℃;改性纳米Mg(OH)2在LDPE基体中分散更为均匀;改性纳米Mg(OH)2的用量为LDPE的15%时复,合材料的拉伸强度比纯LDPE提高了6.5%。     

纳米SiO2颗粒对PU树脂热稳定性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米SiO2颗粒，并以此制备了SiO2／PU复合材料，用扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱仪、量热示差扫描仪和热重法分别表征了纳米复合树脂材料的结构和形态及热稳定性。结果表明，纳米SiO2能够均匀地以纳米尺寸分散于Pu树脂中，并与PU中的基团发生了化学反应，形成了键合。SiO2对PU树脂的耐低温性能影响不大，却提高了树脂的热稳定性能，使树脂的使用温度范围变宽。