工艺条件对铜电解精炼过程直流电耗的影响

采用单因素试验研究了电解液温度(40-70℃)、电流密度(200-320A/m~2)、H_2SO_4浓度(110-230g/L)、Cu~(2+)浓度(25-65g/L)、极间距(20-35mm)等工艺条件对铜电解精炼过程直流电耗的影响规律。结果表明,随着电流密度和极间距的增大,直流电耗显著升高,随电解液温度和硫酸浓度的增加而显著降低;随着电解液中铜离子浓度的增大,直流电耗先急剧降低,然后趋于平稳,在55g/L时电耗最小。     

工艺条件对锌电解能耗的影响

通过锌电解试验研究了电流密度、锌离子浓度、硫酸浓度、阴阳极间距、电解液温度等对锌电解过程电流效率、槽电压和直流电耗的影响。研究表明,直流电耗随电流密度、阴阳极间距和硫酸浓度的增大而增加,随锌离子浓度的增大而减少;随着电解液温度的升高,直流电耗先减少后增加,在45℃左右达到最低。     

高杂铜电解液净化生产实践

介绍了某公司高杂电解液铜电解生产过程中,铜平衡控制、杂质元素脱除等方法.通过生产实践,通过电解液净化流程优化,阳极泥处理后返液净化,电解液含砷浓度控制等方法,有效提高了电解液系统净化脱杂能力,解决电解液铜贫化问题,稳定了电解液中铜离子及杂质元素的平衡,电解液净化调整后,铜的脱除率降低了31.6％,镍的脱除率提加了23％...     

铜电解脱铜终液净化除镍新工艺技术的研究

本文以适量的沉镍试剂添加到铜电解液净化后的脱铜终液中,经加热搅拌反应使沉镍试剂与脱铜终液中的镍离子结合形成不溶于稀硫酸的镍盐沉淀,通过过滤得到镍含量较高的镍盐,并同时得到不带入外来杂质且酸浓度同铜电解初始溶液中游离酸浓度相当的稀硫酸溶液;回收的镍盐经简单焙烧即成为氧化镍原料,脱镍溶液可直接返回铜电解系统循环使用。     

树脂除杂技术在铜电解工业化应用研究

采用树脂对铜电解液中杂质锑和铋进行深度净化除杂的工业化应用试验,结果表明,该技术对铜电解液中杂质锑和铋的去除率均大于95%,吸附树脂锑和铋的解析率均大于95%,除杂过程中电解液中铜、镍离子含量基本不变,经过净化后的铜电解液持续返回铜电解生产系统,生产运行良好,阴极铜产品质量符合GB/T 467-2010标准中规定的Cu-CATH-1要求。     

高银铜阳极的电解精炼

铜电解精炼时，阳极中含银高会导致阳极钝化．结果使产出的阴极铜质量差而且能耗高．本文讨论了在电解精炼过程中高银铜阳极产生钝化的机理，也介绍了在工业生产的阳极中掺入银使其含量达到２５７盎司／ｔ的实验室系统研究的结果．试验表明．依靠仔细控制工艺参数．如电解液温度、电流密度以及电解液中铜和镍的浓度可防止阳极钝化．     

铅电解液硫酸动态脱铅工艺探索实践

铅电解生产过程中,电解液中的铅离子浓度过高或者过低,都会对电解的电耗或者电流效率产生直接的影响,需要稳定控制.文章介绍了当铅电解液中含铅离子过高而影响正常生产时,采用硫酸动态脱铅的方法,脱铅效率高,提高电流效率的效果明显.     

含钌含铼高温合金电化学溶解工艺研究

采用电化学溶解法对某含钌含铼高温合金废料在盐酸电解体系中的溶解过程进行研究。考察了电流密度、电解液酸度、电解液镍离子浓度、温度、搅拌速率对电解过程的影响。结果表明,在阳极电流密度400A/m~2、盐酸浓度2mol/L、镍离子浓度100g/L以下、电解温度40℃、搅拌速率200r/min的条件下,合金中镍、钴的电化学溶解率可达60%以上,钨、钽、铼、钌等稀贵金属溶解率小于0.8%,实现了合金中贱金属和稀贵金属的高效分离。     

并流沉淀法降低铜电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子的研究

铜电解液中的As、Sb、Bi离子含量是影响阴极铜质量的重要因素,现有的电解沉积法电耗高、铜损失量大,萃取方法和离子交换法存在液量大的缺陷.本文利用SO2还原As5+和Sb5+、H2O2氧化As3+和Sb3+调整化合价,促使砷锑铋形成沉淀阳极泥的原理,进行了二氧化硫和双氧水并流沉淀方法降低铜电解液中砷锑铋杂质离子的实验研...     

从铜电解废液中提取镍

近年来我厂粗铜含镍达到0.3～0.6％,在铜电解过程中,大部分镍溶解于电解液中。镍在电解液中大量积累,就会影响电铜质量、恶化技术经济指标。因此,必须每天抽出一定量的电解液进行净液,除去其中的镍以保持电解过程正常进行。现将我厂铜电解车间金属镍生产情况叙述如下:     

金川镍阳极液硫化除铜的研究

结合已有的热力学数据,对采用硫化法镍阳极液中除铜过程进行了热力学平衡计算,计算了除铜终点各离子的平衡浓度,绘制出了298.15 K时体系中除铜终点logcMe-logcS图和c-pH图。计算表明,采用硫化法可以成功将镍阳极液中铜和部分铅、锌除去。对所绘的热力学平衡图分析表明,随着总硫浓度的增加,铜、铅、锌、镍依次沉淀;在酸性条件下,改变pH对除铜深度影响不大,但控制适当的pH有利于得到铜镍比较高的渣;此外,适当增加镍电解液中铜含量、降低镍电解液中镍含量有利于提高渣中的铜镍比。除铜实验表明,采用硫化法除铜可以得到含铜0.40 mg/L、铅3.94 mg/L、锌1.61 mg/L的除铜后液。     

铜电解净液系统除镍部分的改造

分析了北方铜业侯马冶炼厂净液系统除镍部分存在的问题,选择确定了改造方案。改造后粗硫酸镍质量明显提高,增加了经济效益,电解系统的电解液中镍离子得到了有效控制,为电解系统高纯阴极铜的稳定生产创造了有利条件。     

铜电解废液资源化处理工艺

针对铜冶炼厂的铜电解废液, 确定了隔膜电解时在阴极上得到了质量优良的铜片、海绵铜和黑铜,阳极室内得到浓度为23g/L~37g/L的硫酸溶液,扩散渗析法处理脱铜后液时得到较纯净的稀硫酸和硫酸镍的工艺路线,探讨了最佳隔膜电解工艺参数和酸盐分离系数。     

高铜硫化镍阳极电解工艺中阳极液净化工艺研究

采用萃取除铜,沉淀法联合除去铁、部分铅及砷,萃取法除钴,离子交换法深度除铅工艺处理高铜硫化镍阳极电解的阳极液。结果表明,该工艺流程短,原料适应性强,铜、镍、钴金属分离彻底,金属回收率高,可得到合格的镍阴极液。     

电解质水溶液中钴、镍分离、提纯研究进展

高浓度、高纯度钴盐电解质水溶液是电解或电解精炼生产高纯乃至超高纯金属钴的关键.钴、镍离子深度地分离是制备该种电解质水溶液的核心任务.研究发现目前主要的分离、提纯方法包括:离子交换法、萃取色层法、膜分离法和溶剂萃取法等.研究对象主要集中在含高镍、低钴的硫酸盐水溶液体系.离子交换法、萃取色层法是实现两者深度分离的有效手段，溶剂萃取法则更易实现规模化.研究主要针对有机萃取剂和吸附材料的研发、改性、组合和分离提取工艺的改进等展开.文中对含钴、镍电解质水溶液中钴、镍分离研究进展进行总结评述，并对其发展进行展望.      

A rapid electrochemical method for measuring the concentration of active glue in copper refinery electrolyte which contains thiourea

Good cathode quality in copper electrorefining depends on maintaining an optimum level of glue and other leveling reagents in the electrolyte. A rapid electrochemical method has been developed for measuring the concentration of active glue in the electrolyte. It is based on the fact that glue strongly influences the polarization (currentvs potential) curve of a copper cathode in such electrolyte. The polarization curve is also influenced by the concentrations of copper, nickel, and thiourea (another leveling reagent) in the solution; the concentrations of these substances also can vary. With the present method a cathodic scan curve of a copper electrode is measured in the fresh, test electrolyte and again after the electrolyte is heated such as to destroy the active glue by hydrolysis; the heating does not affect the thiourea, Cu⁺² or Ni⁺² ions. The glue concentration is determined from the difference in the scan curves for the fresh and heated electrolytes. The difference may be quantified if needed by making standard glue additions to the cooked electrolyte and measuring the corresponding scan curves. The methods given by Refs. 2 and 4 are useful, despited the limitations stated, for tankhouse application in which Ni⁺² and Cu⁺² ion concentrations change very little or are monitored separately.     

镍电解液除铜技术研究进展

镍电解液除铜仍然是镍冶金中尚未有效解决的难题。文章介绍了国内外镍电解液中除铜的方法,并指出了今后的镍电解液除铜研究方向。     

新一代铜电解液绿色净化新技术

新一代铜电解液绿色净化新技术实现了净化电解液中铜与杂质砷、锑、铋的定向分离,解决了脱杂过程产生砷化氢和酸雾有毒有害气及物料重复冶炼等问题,砷有效开路,无有害气体产生,实现了清洁绿色生产。替代了原工业生产阴极铜电解液电脱铜诱导净化除杂工艺,所需脱除的铜全部富集并直接生产A级阴极铜产品,电耗降低55%,实现传统冶炼向绿色清洁冶炼转型。     

Interactions of variables in the fluidised-bed electrowinning of copper

The effects of certain variables on the current efficiency and power consumption of a small fluidised-bed electrowinning cell treating dilute copper sulphate solutions have been studied. A factorial experimental design in two levels has been used to investigate the effects of cell current, sulphuric acid concentration, temperature and the presence of iron in the electrolyte, and the results have been analysed by the Yates technique.It is shown that an increase in temperature and the presence of iron in solution both decrease the current efficiency, while an increase in the cell current increases the current efficiency, for conditions where the cathode is not polarized with respect to copper ions. Significant interaction effects on the current efficiency are shown to exist for the case of cell current and iron concentration and for cell current and temperature. These main effects and interactions can be accounted for by a model in which three simultaneous reduction reactions occur at the cathode involving cupric ions, ferric ions and oxygen, with the latter two occurring at their diffusion limited rates.Significant main effects on the power consumption of the cell are shown to exist for cell current, iron concentration and acid concentration. Increasing either of the former two variables increases the power consumption whereas an increase in the latter causes a marked decrease in power consumption, and significant interactions occur between cell current and iron concentration and cell current and acid concentration.An increase in temperature is shown to lead to an increase in the amount of metal deposited on the feeder electrode.The paper concludes with a discussion of the application of fluidised-bed cathodes to the recovery of copper by electrowinning from various types of solutions.     

镍离子对长周期锌电积的影响

通过对槽电压,电流效率,电能消耗和阴极极化曲线分析,阐明了镍离子在硫酸锌电积液中的行为和对长周期锌电积的影响。研究表明,当溶液中镍离子的浓度大于0.15 mg/L时,将对48 h长周期电积产生很大的影响。