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活性炭是应用在变压吸附分离CO2工艺中的常用吸附剂, 而工业废气中一般都含有一定量的饱和水蒸气. 通过吸附等温线和穿透曲线分别研究了单/双组份的CO2和H2O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学. 结果表明, 活性炭对二氧化碳具有较高的吸附量, 并具有较好的CO2/N2吸附选择性. 由于吸水官能团的存在, 活性炭在较高分压下表现出较大的水蒸气吸附量. 不过由于吸附机理不同, 水蒸气在活性炭上的吸附几乎不会影响活性炭对CO2的吸附. 动力学研究表明, CO2在活性炭上的吸附速率远大于H2O的吸附速率. 相似文献
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以1,2-二(三乙氧基硅基)乙烷(BTESE)为前驱体、PdCl2为钯源, 制备Pd掺杂有机无机杂化SiO2(POS)溶胶, 涂膜后在水蒸气氛围中煅烧, 制备得到POS膜。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、N2吸附-脱附和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对POS粉体的微观结构进行表征。考察了钯/硅摩尔比(n(Pd/Si)=0.1、0.5和1)对POS膜的气体分离性能与水热稳定性能的影响。结果表明: 随着Pd掺杂量的增加, POS膜的H2渗透率逐渐增大, H2/CO2的理想选择性逐渐下降。经100 kPa水蒸气处理180 h后, 采用n (Pd/Si)=1制备的POS膜的H2渗透率达到1.62× 10-7 mol·m-2·s-1·Pa-1, H2/CO2理想分离因子达到13.6, 表明该膜具有较好的H2渗透性能、H2/CO2分离性能和水热稳定性能。 相似文献
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基于绿色低成本的单宁所具有的大量反应性羟基,其与醛类反应具有与苯酚或间苯二酚相似的机制。在传统的酚醛树脂基(苯酚-尿素-甲醛)炭气凝胶的基础上,通过添加单宁进行改性,成功制备出新型高效的CO2吸附用酚醛基炭气凝胶。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和氮气吸脱附测试对其表面化学和孔隙结构进行了系统表征,同时通过CO2吸脱附测试对其CO2吸附量、选择性吸附及吸附热等进行了研究。结果表明:以绿色可再生的生物质原料单宁对原料进行部分取代,不仅可以显著降低产品成本,还可以明显改善其CO2的吸附性能。当单宁的添加量(15 g)为苯酚用量的50wt%时,样品具有最大的比表面积(1 376.31 m2·g-1)和微孔体积(0.55 cm3·g-1),是一种极具潜力的气体吸附材料。其相应的CO2吸附量高达5.36 mmol·g-1,选择性吸附和吸附热则分别为16.84和34.49 kJ·mol-1<... 相似文献
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金属有机框架(MOFs)材料在CO2的捕获与分离方面受到广泛关注。本工作结合分子动力学(MD)和巨正则蒙特卡洛(GCMC)模拟方法探究了一种MOFs材料DUT-49的负性气体吸附过程及结构转变对CO2/N2吸附分离行为的影响。结果表明: 在20~60 MPa的压强下, DUT-49均发生可稳定存在的结构变形, 实现开孔(DUT-49-op)和闭孔(DUT-49-cp)状态的转变。DUT-49气体吸附量随温度升高而下降。DUT-49-cp的框架收缩, 气体有效吸附位点减少, 吸附量明显降低。此外, 与DUT-49-op相比, DUT-49-cp中CO2/N2选择性明显降低, 且随温度升高而下降, 不利于气体分离。本工作的研究结果为吸附剂材料的开发提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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以双酚A(BPA)和均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为单体通过界面聚合的方法在卷式炭膜上合成聚酯,制备了聚酯基炭分子筛复合气体分离膜,考察了界面聚合工艺条件如界面聚合反应时间、有机相及水相单体浓度、热处理时间、不同有机相溶剂及聚合反应次数对复合膜气体分离性能的影响,确定了最佳制备工艺条件.并通过热重(TG)、红外光谱(IR)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析手段对复合膜的热稳定性、分离层的化学结构和表面形貌进行表征与分析.以最佳工艺条件下界面合成制备的聚酯膜经炭化制备了聚酯基复合炭膜,并测试其气体渗透性能,研究表明,在最佳工艺条件下制备的聚合物复合膜,其O2和N2的渗透通量分别为6.59×10-10mol/(m2·s·Pa)和2.92×10-10mol/(m2·s·Pa),O2/N2的分离系数为2.25;炭化后制备的复合炭膜其O2和N2的渗透通量分别增加为3.71×10-9mol/(m2·s·Pa)和1.19×10-9mol/(m2·s·Pa),O2/N2的分离系数则提高到3.1 2. 相似文献
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以聚醚嵌段聚酰胺(Pebax)为聚合物基体,以铬基金属有机框架MIL-100(Cr)为填充粒子,采用溶剂挥发法制备了系列Pebax/MIL-100(Cr)混合基质膜,并用于CH4/N2分离研究。结果表明,固相法合成的MIL-100(Cr)的BET为1808m2/g,在0.1MPa下对CH4的吸附量为0.5mmol/g,对N2的吸附量为0.28mmol/g,说明MIL-100(Cr)对CH4具有高亲和力。随着MIL-100(Cr)纳米粒子的加入,Pebax/MIL-100(Cr)混合基质膜的CH4/N2渗透选择性呈现先增大后减小的趋势,CH4渗透率基本保持不变;当MIL-100(Cr)添加量为15%(wt,质量分数)时,混合基质膜的CH4渗透性能保持在20Barrer, CH4/N2选择性能达到3.71。 相似文献
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方伟孙志敏赵雷陈辉何漩杜星王大珩 《材料工程》2023,(4):141-150
为了改善g-C3N4光催化还原CO2过程中的气体传质、吸附和光生电荷分离效率,分别从泡沫孔结构构筑和构建异质结两方面进行光催化材料设计。采用表面活性剂发泡法制备g-C3N4泡沫(g-C3N4 Foam),以此为基体通过化学镀铜和氢氧化处理制备g-C3N4泡沫负载Cu(OH)2纳米片(Cu(OH)2/CNF)复合材料,对其结构和光催化性能进行分析。结果表明:g-C3N4 Foam和Cu(OH)2/CNF均展现出发达的三维微米孔网络结构,这种结构可从动力学层面优化CO2在气-固催化反应中的传质和吸附,使CO2吸附容量分别达到3.97 cm3/g和3.59 cm3/g,为g-C3N... 相似文献
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先进的功能膜材料是实现高效膜分离的关键,要求兼顾选择性和渗透通量.层状双金属氢氧化物(LDH)表面存在丰富的-OH基团,对CO2具有较高吸附选择性.利用晶种外延生长策略(SES),通过溶剂热合成在电纺纤维载体上诱导生长LDH,并用聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)在纤维间隙间原位光聚合得到致密的PEO/HPAN-LDH MMM,用于CO2的高效分离.研究结果表明,沿纤维连续的低结晶LDH具有丰富的亲CO2基团,提供连续亲和CO2的传递通路.通过增加LDH生长次数,提高LDH的担载量.性能最佳的PEO/HPAN-LDH-2 MMM的CO2渗透性能为132.1 Barrer, CO2/N2选择性高达99.4,相较于PEO/HPAN MMM,CO2渗透性能提升46.8%,CO2/N2选择性提升25.8%. 相似文献
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Tong Xu Jie Liang Yuanyuan Wang Shaoxiong Li Zhaobai Du Tingshuai Li Qian Liu Yonglan Luo Fang Zhang Xifeng Shi Bo Tang Qingquan Kong Abdullah M.Asiri Chun Yang Dongwei Ma Xuping Sun 《Nano Research》2022,(2)
Electrocatalytic N2 reduction provides an attractive alternative to Haber-Bosch process for artificial NH3 synthesis.The difficulty of suppressing competing proton reduction,however,largely impedes its practical use.Herein,we design a hydrophobic octadecanethiol-modified Fe3P nanoarrays supported on carbon paper(C18@Fe3P/CP)to effectively repel water,concentrate N2,and enhance N2-to-NH3 conversion.Such catalyst achieves an NH3 yield of 1.80×10-10 mol s-1·cm-2 and a high Faradaic efficiency of 11.22%in 0.1 M Na2SO4,outperforming the non-modified Fe3P/CP(2.16×10-11 mol s-1·cm-2,0.9%)counterpart.Significantly,C18@Fe3P/CP renders steady Nrfixing activlty/selectivity in cycling test and exhibits durability for at least 25 h.First-principles calculations suggest that the surface electronic structure and chemical activity of Fe3P can be well tuned by the thiol modification,which facilitates N2 electroreduction activity and catalytic formation of NH3. 相似文献
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CO2捕获,尤其低浓度CO2捕获,对人类在限域空间中长时间工作、降低天然气液化过程中CO2腐蚀及冻结效应极为重要.本文首次报道了一种具有一维孔道的ZU-16-Co(TIFSIX-3-Co)材料,该材料孔道中含大量电负性F原子,可实现400–10,000 ppm浓度下CO2的高效捕获.相比同构材料,孔径为3.62?的ZU... 相似文献
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-Al2O3 composite membranes have been modified with microporous silica layers to improve the separation factor of CO2 to N2. From the analysis of micropore volume fraction and CO2 adsorption behaviour of SiO2 unsupported membranes, it was found that the SiO2 membrane layer feasible to separate CO2 could be obtained from a sol prepared by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate in aqueous nitric acid solution (acid concentration of 0.001 M and sol pH of 2.0). The unsupported membrane prepared from this optimum sol had a micropore volume fraction of 0.85 and CO2 adsorption amount of 27 cm3(STP)g–1 at 0.1 MPa and 25°C. Defect-free silica modified -Al2O3 membranes could besynthesized by dipcoating or pressurized coating from outside the support. The CO2/N2 separation factor of these membranes varied severely with the separation process parameters, such as transmembrane pressure, stage cut and CO2 concentration in feed gas. -Al2O3 membranes modified by dipcoating and pressurized coating had a CO2/N2 separation factor of 2.4 and 1.45, respectively, at P = 0.3 MPa, stage cut = 0.1, and 25°C for a CO2 feed gas mole fraction of 0.5. The CO2/N2 separation factor at 25°C decreased with increasing heat-treatment temperature. The main mechanisms of CO2 permeation through silica modified membranes were surface diffusion and Knudsen diffusion. 相似文献
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材料在真空环境下放气的测试技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
往真空材料放气率测试装置上对金属材料的放气特性进行了实验研究,实验采用的方法为静态升压法、固定流导法、双通道气路转换法。实验结果表明,测试装置的极限真空度为9.2×10^-9Pa,铜、铝合金2A12、304不锈钢三种材料半小时后的放气率分别为2.34×10^-8a·m^3·s^-1·cm^-2、1.83×10^-9Pa·m^3·s^-1·cm^-2、8.48×10^-11Pa·m^3·s^-1·cm^-2。利用四极质谱计测得装置的本底气体成分主要有H2、N2/CO、H2O和CO2,材料放出的气体成分主要有N2/CO、H2O。三种方法测试得到的铜金属材料的放气率随着温度的升高而小断增大。 相似文献
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Xian Suo Xili Cui Lifeng Yang Nan Xu Yuqi Huang Yi He Sheng Dai Huabin Xing 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(29):1907601
The design of highly stable and efficient porous materials is essential for developing breakthrough hydrocarbon separation methods based on physisorption to replace currently used energy-intensive distillation/absorption technologies. Efforts to develop advanced porous materials such as zeolites, coordination frameworks, and organic polymers have met with limited success. Here, a new class of ionic ultramicroporous polymers (IUPs) with high-density inorganic anions and narrowly distributed ultramicroporosity is reported, which are synthesized by a facile free-radical polymerization using branched and amphiphilic ionic compounds as reactive monomers. A covalent and ionic dual-crosslinking strategy is proposed to manipulate the pore structure of amorphous polymers at the ultramicroporous scale. The IUPs exhibit exceptional selectivity (286.1–474.4) for separating acetylene from ethylene along with high thermal and water stability, collaboratively demonstrated by gas adsorption isotherms and experimental breakthrough curves. Modeling studies unveil the specific binding sites for acetylene capture as well as the interconnected ultramicroporosity for size sieving. The porosity-engineering protocol used in this work can also be extended to the design of other ultramicroporous materials for the challenging separation of other key gas constituents. 相似文献
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TEPA-AM修饰的介孔材料吸附CO2性能的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将丙烯酰胺(AM)改性的四乙烯五胺(TE-PA)负载到介孔材料孔道内,形成氨基改性的CO2吸附材料。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气物理吸附-脱附(BET)、红外等方法对样品进行了表征。通过动态吸附法研究了材料的CO2吸附和脱附性能,并与TEPA负载的吸附材料进行了比较。研究结果表明,在制备介孔分子筛MCM-41的过程中得到的一种结构规整度低的材料对TEPA-AM具有较好的分散性能,经过TE-PA-AM修饰的该材料表现出良好的CO2吸附性能,当TEPA-AM负载量达60%,该材料的吸附能力达到159.1mg/g;经过12次循环使用吸附量不下降。 相似文献
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High-quality nanometer thick ultramicroporous membranes were prepared from silica sol-gel processes and tested for the permeation of binary gas mixtures of He, H2, CO2, and CH4 across different temperature and partial pressure regimens. Pore size distribution by molecular probing showed that the majority of pore sizes had dimensions below 2.9 A. In 50:50 binary mixtures, the fluxes of gases increased as a function of temperature, indicating an activated transport mechanism. The ultramicroporous membranes showed high selectivities at 150 degrees C for He/CO2 (30), He/CH4 (93), H2/CO2 (10), and H2/CH4 (9) with lower selectivities for CO2/CH4 (5). High activation energies (Ea) were observed for the permeance of 50:50 binary mixtures containing He and H2 of 22.1-27.5 and 17.6-23.1 kJ.mol-1, respectively. The Ea for the permeance of the total mixture approached the Ea for the permeance of the molecule with the smaller kinetic diameter (He or H2). 相似文献