首周期工艺条件对先驱体转化制备Cf/SiC复合材料性能的影响

以聚碳硅烷(PCS)为陶瓷先驱体,采用PIP工艺制备3D-B Cf/SiC复合材料,研究了首周期不同工艺条件对材料性能的影响.结果表明首周期1600℃真空裂解的Cf/SiC复合材料性能最优,弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别达到497MPa和29.6 MPa·m1/2;首周期采用缓慢降温可以小幅度地提高Cf/SiC复合材料的力学性能.     

高温循环下SiC-C/SiBCN复合材料的力学性能研究

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)结合前驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)技术制备了SiC涂层的C/Si C和C/SiBCN复合材料,研究了高温循环氧化对2种复合材料弯曲性能的影响。结果表明,与SiC-C/SiC相比,SiC-C/SiBCN复合材料的平均室温抗弯曲强度约为605 MPa,增幅达到126.6%。在1000和1200℃循环3次后,Si C-C/SiBCN的剩余抗弯曲强度分别为417和342 MPa,强度保留率分别为68.9%和56.5%,显著优于SiC-C/Si C复合材料。与PIP SiC陶瓷基体相比,Si BCN基体的孔隙率更低,高温下SiBCN氧化后形成SiO_2和B_2O_3,可以更好地降低O_2的透过率,提高材料的抗氧化性能和强度保留率。     

首周期先驱体溶液浓度对PIP法制备3D-Cf/Si-O-C的影响

以三维碳纤维编织物和硅树脂(SR249)为原料,采用先驱体转化法(PIP)制备了3D-Cf/Si-O-C材料,考察了首周期先驱体溶液浓度对其力学性能的影响.结果表明:首周期浸渍先驱体溶液的浓度不同会导致3D-Cf-Si-O-C复合材料中气孔大小及分布的不同而对力学性能产生较大影响,随首周期先驱体溶液浓度的增大,3D-Cf/Si-O-C复合材料力学性能先降低后提高.首周期采用SR249/xylene体积比为0.5:1先驱体溶液制备的3D-Cf/Si-O-C复合材料力学性能和气孔率都处于极小值,其弯曲强度为247 MPa,断裂韧性为9.6 MPa·ml/2,气孔率为10.8%.     

利用束丝复合材料对PIP工艺制备2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料力学性能进行表征

为了找到一种能有效对陶瓷基复合材料先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺参数进行优化的方法,提出利用束丝复合材料对二维复合材料力学性能进行表征的方案.对5种PIP工艺条件制备的束丝以及二维SiCf/SiC复合材料在不同PIP工艺条件下力学性能变化规律进行了研究,并对采用束丝复合材料对二维复合材料力学性能表征的有效性进行了分析.研究表明,束丝复合材料和二维复合材料力学性能随PIP工艺的变化规律完全相同,这是因为两种复合材料界面、纤维损伤等特性基本相同.采用强度比对两种复合材料力学性能一致程度进行了表征,结果表明两者一致性较好,但随PIP工艺复杂程度的提高,两者一致性降低.利用束丝复合材料可以对二维复合材料力学性能进行较好的表征,可对二维等实体复合材料制备工艺进行初步优化,从而使材料工艺设计效率大为提高.     

Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的制备工艺研究

以先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺制备了2D Cf/SiC复合材料,研究了低温裂解工艺(裂解温度低于1000℃)对2DCf/SiC复合材料结构和性能的影响,为Cf/SiC复合材料的低温制备探索可行之路.研究表明,采用900℃裂解工艺制备的复合材料其力学性能达到或高于目前同类工艺制备的2D Cf/SiC复合材料力学性能,其弯曲强度达到329.6 MPa,剪切强度32.1 MPa,断裂韧性14.7 MPa·m1/2.并采用差热(TG-DTA)、红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)等对先驱体聚碳硅烷(PCS)及其低温裂解产物的结构和性能进行了研究.     

Cf/SiC复合材料力学性能对比研究

以聚碳硅烷(PCS)为先驱体,T300碳纤维和光威(GW)碳纤维为增强纤维,采用先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺(PIP)分别制备了Cf/SiC复合材料.在相同工艺条件下,所制备GW碳纤维复合材料的力学性能达到了T300纤维复合材料的性能水平,两种纤维增强SiC基复合材料抗弯强度分别为364 MPa和437 MPa.采用扫描电镜观察试样断口形貌及纤维拔出情况,并分析了复合材料的结构和性能差异.     

以新型先驱体浸渍裂解制备SiC/SiC复合材料弯曲性能研究

以一种新型先驱体LPVCS为原料、KD-1型SiC纤维作为增强相,采用先驱体浸渍裂解工艺(PIP)制备了SiC/SiC复合材料,并对其性能及微观形貌进行表征。实验结果表明,以LPVCS为先驱体、经过热模压辅助成型工艺处理的材料密度为2.11g/cm3,孔隙率为6.25%,而且材料制备周期大大缩短。采用CVD工艺在SiC纤维表面制备裂解碳涂层可有效降低裂解过程中高温对纤维造成的损伤,而且可改善纤维与基体界面的结合,使材料抗弯强度达619.4MPa,断裂韧性达29.1MPa·m1/2,较无涂层的纤维增强复合材料更高。     

碳纤维CVD SiC涂层对C/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响

采用CVD PIP工艺制备了SiC涂层碳纤维增强SiC复合材料(C/SiC),研究了碳纤维表面CVD SiC涂层的形貌以及涂层对C/SiC复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明CVD SiC涂层处理可以填补纤维表面上的沟槽和缺陷,使纤维表面变得光滑,从而使C/SiC复合材料的力学性能有很大提高,碳纤维经过CVD SiC 1 h涂层处理的C/SiC复合材料的力学性能最好,弯曲强度达到511.5 MPa,断裂韧性达到20.8 MPa·m1/2.     

聚合物先驱体组分对SiC/SiBCN复合材料性能的影响

以SiC纤维为增强相,SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体为浸渍剂,采用聚合物先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备了SiC/SiBCN复合材料。采用SEM和力学性能测试对SiC/SiBCN复合材料氧化前后组分、形貌及力学行为进行了分析。试验表明,随着SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体中聚硼氮烷(PBN)含量的增加,先驱体陶瓷产率先增加后降低,SiC/SiBCN复合材料1000℃/20 h氧化后的弯曲强度保留率亦先增加后降低。这主要归因于SiBCN复相陶瓷先驱体中PBN含量的增加有利于先驱体分子交联程度增加,更容易形成稳定的三维网络结构。此外,材料孔隙率以及SiBCN复相陶瓷的氧化行为也成为影响SiC/SiBCN复合材料氧化稳定性的重要因素。     

高温处理对不同浆料制备C/SiC复合材料的影响

以先驱体浸渍裂解(PIP)工艺制备的C/SiC复合材料为研究对象,考察了聚碳硅烷/二甲苯(PCS/Xylene)和聚碳硅烷/二甲苯/碳化硅粉(PCS/Xylene/SiC)两种浆料对C/SiC材料耐高温性能的影响.研究发现:在1600 ℃惰性气氛保护下高温处理1 h后,PCS/xylene/SiC制备的材料失重较大,达4.67%.弯曲强度在高温处理前后的保留率较高,高温处理后其强度达464.1 MPa,但模量下降明显.高温处理使C/SiC材料的增韧机制发生改变,PCS/Xylene中添加SiC改变了材料的界面结构.结果表明:两种不同的浸渍浆料对C/SiC材料的耐高温性能有着较明显的影响.     

Blast and tensile properties of tantalum/niobium lined SiC/SiC composite tubes for nuclear cladding

The mechanical performances such as tensile strength and blast property of metal lined SiC/SiC composite cladding tubes were investigated. Nb or Ta was selected as liner material, and the SiC/SiC composite layer was fabricated by winding and different precursor impregnation and pyrolysis (PIP) processes. The tensile strengths of different tube samples were measured at room temperature (RT) and 1200 °C, respectively. The blast property was investigated through the maximum water pressure of tubes. And the fracture microstructures were observed by SEM. The highest tensile strength at RT was 150.7 MPa. The blast strength was enhanced with the PIP process increasing from 1 to 4 cycles and the tube of 4 PIP cycles had the highest water pressure of 34.7 MPa. Compared with the metal tubes, the multi-layer structure improved tensile and blast properties significantly. The different processes such as PIP cycles and pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coating were important factors to enhance the mechanical performances of SiC/SiC-based tubes. However, the retention rate of tensile strength was only 18.5% at 1200 °C.     

Flexural strength distribution of 3D SiC/SiC composite

Flexural strength of a four-step, three-dimensional (3D) braiding SiC/SiC composite was tested at room temperature. The strength distribution was studied based on Weibull distribution and Normal distribution as well as examined by the Kolmogorov test. The results indicated that the flexural failure behavior of the composite was rather brittle with a small displacement. And the statistical strength distribution of the 3D SiC/SiC composite was in agreement with two-parameter Weibull distribution of the Weibull modulus,m=8.1545 and normal distribution. And the predicated mean flexural strength of the 3D SiC/SiC composite by the two-parameter Weibull distribution was consistent with the tested value.     

界面对浆料浸渍裂解Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响

利用强制脉冲CVI工艺在2．5D纤维编织体上沉积C—SiC双层界面，然后通过浆料浸渍裂解方法得到了Cf／SiC复合材料，并考察界面中C层、SiC层厚度变化对Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响。界面中C层、SiC层厚度变化对浸渍过程影响不大，得到的Cf／SiC复合材料密度基本相当，约2．0g／cm^3。但随C层厚度的增加，强度减小；随着SiC层厚度的增加，强度增加，到达一定厚度后，其强度几乎不变，为290．0MPa。在C层厚度为50nm，SiC层厚度为600nm时，表现出强的非脆性断裂。     

TiC增强Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金钎焊接头工艺分析

采用Ag-Cu-Ti-（Ti＋C）混合粉末作钎料,在适当的工艺参数下真空钎焊Cf/SiC复合材料与钛合金,利用SEM,EDS和XRD分析接头微观组织结构,利用剪切试验检测接头力学性能.结果表明,钎焊后钎料中的钛与Cf/SiC复合材料发生反应,接头中主要包括TiC,Ti3SiC2,Ti5Si3,Ag,TiCu,Ti3Cu4和Ti2Cu等反应产物,形成石墨与钛原位合成TiC强化的致密复合连接层.TiC的形成缓解了接头的残余热应力,并且提高了接头的高温性能.接头室温、500℃和800℃高温抗剪强度分别达到145,70,39 MPa,明显高于Cf/SiC/Ag-Cu-Ti/TC4钎焊接头.     

Tensile properties of nicalon fiber-reinforced carbon following aerospace turbine engine testing

The durability of coated Nicalon silicon carbide fiber-reinforced carbon (SiC/C) as the flap and seal exhaust nozzle components in a military aerospace turbine engine was studied. Test specimens machined from both a flap and a seal component were tested for residual strength following extended ground engine testing on a General Electric F414 afterburning turbofan engine. Although small amounts of damage to the protective exterior coating were identified on each component following engine testing, the tensile strengths were equal to the as-fabricated tensile strength of the material. Differences in strength between the two components and variability within the data sets could be traced back to the fabrication process using witness coupon test data from the manufacturer. It was also observed that test specimens machined transversely across the flap and seal components were stronger than those machined along the length. The excellent retained strength of the coated SiC/C material after extended exposure to the severe environment in the afterburner exhaust section of an aerospace turbofan engine has resulted in this material being selected as the baseline material for the F414 exhaust nozzle system.     

2％C／MoSi2复合材料的组织结构与性能

采用热压烧结工艺制得了2％C／MoSi2（质量分数）复合材料,并测定了材料的显微组织和结构、室温和高温力学性能、耐磨性能以及电阻率。结果:C／MoSi2复合材料由大量的MoSi2、多量的Mo5Si3和少量的β－SiC组成,其硬度Hv为1060,抗弯强度为470MPa,断裂韧性为5．12MPa.m^1/2,800℃的硬度Hv为750,1200℃的抗压强度为450MPa,1400℃的抗压强度为142MPa;在Al2O3和SiC磨盘上表现出优异的耐磨性能,材料的电阻率为349n.m。与纯MoSi2相比,2％C／MoSi2复合材料在硬度、抗弯强度、断裂性、高温抗压强度、弹性模量和耐磨性能等方面都有较大的提高。     

PIP工艺制备2D C/SiC复合材料Z-向穿刺工艺

针对2D C/SiC复合材料存在碳布层间缺乏纤维增强,层间结合较差的问题,提出通过Z-向穿刺工艺提高碳布层间结合,克服材料使用时可靠性不高的问题,并比较了穿刺工艺对复合材料微观结构和力学性能的影响.结果表明,通过Z-向穿刺工艺制得试样2D C/SiC-Z_(pin)的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和剪切强度分别为247.8 MPa、37.8 GPa和32.1 MPa,而未穿刺试样2D C/SiC的弯曲强度、弯曲模量和剪切强度分别只有219.3 MPa、34.4 GPa和23.3 MPa,由此可见,采用Z-向穿刺工艺能明显提高复合材料的力学性能.微观结构分析认为,试样力学性能提高的根本原因在于采用Z-向穿刺纤维加强了碳布层间结合,使材料具有较好的整体性,克服了复合材料层间结合较弱对力学性能带来的不利影响.     

SiC泡沫陶瓷增强ZL205A铝合金复合材料的制备与性能研究

本实验通过挤压浸渗工艺成功制备了SiC泡沫陶瓷增强ZL205A铝合金复合材料,并研究了不同孔隙率的泡沫陶瓷增强相对复合材料性能的影响。通过微观结构分析,制备的复合材料两相间结合紧密,没有裂纹及其他缺陷产生。多孔陶瓷作为增强相可以有效地细化ZL205A合金的晶粒,多孔陶瓷孔隙率的降低,孔结构越小,合金晶粒越细小。对制备的复合材料进行力学性能测试,复合材料的硬度和抗弯强度最高能够达到127.6HV和415MPa。对制备的复合材料进行摩擦磨损测试,结果表明,连续陶瓷相的存在将铝基体严重的粘着磨损和剥落磨损转变为较轻的磨粒磨损,极大提升了复合材料的摩擦磨损性能,为其用于耐磨领域提供了理论依据。