Seismic behavior of coupled shear wall structures with various concrete and steel coupling beams

A novel 2‐level yielding steel coupling beam (TYSCB) has been developed to enhance the seismic performance of coupled shear wall systems. The TYSCB consists of a shear‐yielding beam designed to yield first under minor earthquakes and a bend‐yielding beam designed to yield under severe earthquakes. A comparison of seismic behavior of 4 20‐storey coupled shear wall structures with reinforced concrete coupling beams, complete steel coupling beams, fuse steel coupling beams, and TYSCB is presented. The dimensions and force‐displacement curves of these coupling beams are first designed. Nonlinear dynamic analyses on these structures are carried out under minor and severe earthquakes. The seismic behavior of these models is studied by comparing their storey shear forces, storey drift ratios and ductility demands. The results show that the base shear and storey drift of the structure with TYSCB under both minor and severe earthquakes are less than those of structures with concrete coupling beams and complete steel coupling beams. Furthermore, the ductility demand of coupled shear walls with TYSCB subjected to severe earthquakes can be greatly released compared with those using fuse steel coupling beams. This indicates that the proposed TYSCB has a better balance between ductility demand and energy dissipation, compared to traditional steel coupling beams.     

钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙耦合结构抗震性能试验研究

钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙耦合结构体系是由钢板混凝土组合剪力墙及其两侧的钢柱通过钢连梁连接而成。该体系能够拓展“连梁-墙肢”耦合体系的应用范围,两侧钢柱“拉-压”力偶参与承担倾覆力矩,使得单肢墙体亦能获得双重抗震设防机制的保护。为研究钢柱与钢板混凝土剪力墙耦合结构体系的双重抗震机制,设计并制作一个耦连比0.45、缩尺比1/4的5层钢柱与钢板混凝土剪力墙耦合结构试件,对其进行低周往复加载试验,从滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、延性、损伤特征等方面研究了该结构的抗震性能。基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对试验进行模拟。试验与分析结果表明：钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙耦合结构的顶层钢连梁及墙体分别在顶层侧向位移为21、65 mm时达到屈服状态,当顶层侧向位移为102 mm时,墙体底部形成塑性铰耗能,钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙达到预定的屈服顺序和破坏模式,实现了钢连梁 单肢剪力墙的双重抗震防线,发挥了联肢剪力墙的耦合机制。     

Experimental study on seismic behavior of steel column and steel plate RC composite wall coupled structure

钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙耦合结构体系是由钢板混凝土组合剪力墙及其两侧的钢柱通过钢连梁连接而成。该体系能够拓展“连梁-墙肢”耦合体系的应用范围，两侧钢柱“拉-压”力偶参与承担倾覆力矩，使得单肢墙体亦能获得双重抗震设防机制的保护。为研究钢柱与钢板混凝土剪力墙耦合结构体系的双重抗震机制，设计并制作一个耦连比0.45、缩尺比1/4的5层钢柱与钢板混凝土剪力墙耦合结构试件，对其进行低周往复加载试验，从滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、延性、损伤特征等方面研究了该结构的抗震性能。基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件，对试验进行模拟。试验与分析结果表明：钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙耦合结构的顶层钢连梁及墙体分别在顶层侧向位移为21、65 mm时达到屈服状态，当顶层侧向位移为102 mm时，墙体底部形成塑性铰耗能，钢柱与钢板混凝土组合剪力墙达到预定的屈服顺序和破坏模式，实现了钢连梁 单肢剪力墙的双重抗震防线，发挥了联肢剪力墙的耦合机制。     

Seismic design method and experimental study of composite steel plate-concrete coupled shear wall systems

钢板混凝土联肢组合剪力墙是一种具有“双重防线机制”的优良抗震结构体系,其理论研究已经滞后于工程实践的发展,传统的基于强度的抗震设计方法难以从抗震耦合机制层面解决连梁和组合墙肢的匹配问题。为此提出以耦连比为基本设计参数,以连梁-墙肢“双重防线机制”为性能目标的钢板混凝土联肢组合剪力墙抗震设计方法。基于此方法,设计原型结构,并按原型结构底部五层的联肢墙设计制作1∶4缩尺试件,对试件施加往复荷载,考察试件的整体屈服机制。试验结果表明,结构体系通过钢连梁的剪切变形和墙肢底部的塑性铰变形来耗散能量,实现了连梁-墙肢“双重防线机制”,验证了该设计方法的合理性。     

带螺栓连接的组合钢板联肢剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为了研究带螺栓连接的组合钢板联肢剪力墙结构的抗震性能,对1个1∶4缩尺的5层带螺栓连接的组合钢板联肢剪力墙试件进行了恒定轴压力下的水平低周往复加载试验,分析试件在循环荷载作用下的破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化、耗能能力等,得到结构的受力特征和破坏机理。研究结果表明:剪力墙墙肢以弯曲破坏为主,钢连梁以剪切破坏为主;滞回曲线无明显的捏缩效应;试件的承载力略高于理论承载力;平均延性系数为2.39,破坏时的位移角介于1.88%～1.94%之间;结构体系通过钢连梁的剪切变形和墙肢底部的塑性铰变形来耗散能量,能够明显改善带螺栓连接的组合钢板联肢剪力墙的抗震性能,实现了连梁-墙肢双重设防机制。     

螺栓灌胶节点对螺栓钢板加固钢筋混凝土连梁抗震能力影响的试验

为了提高小跨高比既有连梁的抗震性能,提出了一种新型的螺栓钢板加固法和一种新型的钢板屈曲控制装置。按照1∶2比例制作3个钢筋混凝土连梁试件,通过低周往复荷载试验研究了螺栓灌胶节点对钢板加固钢筋混凝土连梁的影响。结果表明:未采用螺栓钢板法加固的连梁呈现出脆性剪切破坏;采用螺栓钢板法进行普通高强螺栓加固的连梁,其强度和延性并没有提高;采用螺栓钢板法进行螺栓灌胶节点加固的连梁,其强度、延性和耗能能力得到大幅度提高。     

连梁抗震加固中梁跨内有无螺栓连接的影响

钢筋混凝土连梁是抗侧向力剪力墙或核心筒结构中的一个重要构件。在地震作用下,局部连梁的失效可引起抗侧力结构的整体失效。随着经济、社会的发展,由于安全性或新的用途要求,需对老旧建筑中的连梁进行加固处理。通过对在连梁抗震加固中梁跨内采用有、无螺栓连接连梁的试验,对加固后连梁的抗震结构性能的影响进行研究。研究表明:梁跨内无螺栓连接加固的连梁在循环荷载下,具有更好的耗能性能、强度增加更大、较小的刚度退化、延性性能增强且延性系数不降低。实际连梁加固中推荐在梁跨内无螺栓连接,且用其他方法克服钢板屈曲问题。     

装配式复式钢管混凝土框架-梁端螺栓连接钢筋混凝土剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为促进复式钢管混凝土框架剪力墙结构的建筑工业化,提出一种可完全装配式建造的复式钢管混凝土框架-梁端螺栓连接钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构体系,体系中梁-柱节点、柱-柱拼接节点和框架与剪力墙连接均采用全螺栓装配式连接.为研究该体系的抗震性能,开展了三榀1∶2缩尺模型的低周往复荷载试验,研究了各模型的破坏特征、滞回性能、延性、抗侧刚...     

冷挤压套筒连接RC装配式剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为解决RC装配式剪力墙钢筋连接施工和质量检验困难的问题,提出了一种采用冷挤压套筒钢筋连接方式的装配式剪力墙构造形式.为探明此连接方式装配式剪力墙的可行性及其抗震性能,完成7个装配式剪力墙试件和2个现浇剪力墙对比试件的拟静力试验.对试件的水平荷载-侧移曲线及其特征点、钢筋应变进行了分析.结果 表明:装配式剪力墙试件和现浇...     

RC联肢剪力墙宏观数值计算模型研究

已有的钢筋混凝土联肢剪力墙宏观数值计算模型在墙体单元和连梁单元连接处采用水平变形协调，即连梁单元的梁端转动与墙体单元水平刚性梁的转动变形相协调。然而，水平变形协调并不能反映墙体和连梁的实际变形协调条件。为此，提出了一种钢筋混凝土联肢剪力墙宏观数值计算模型，该模型中墙体单元为具有分布式剪切弹簧且考虑平面外自由度的三维宏观墙体单元模型，连梁单元为具有3个子单元串联的一维杆单元模型，墙体单元与连梁单元的连接采用竖向变形协调，即连梁单元的梁端转动与墙体单元边垂直杆元的变形相协调。并通过算例对其模拟的准确性进行校验。结果表明：采用竖向变形协调方式建立的计算模型能更加准确地模拟联肢剪力墙的力学行为，提出的钢筋混凝土联肢剪力墙宏观数值计算模型可用于三维的非线性分析，其中墙体单元能更好地模拟剪切变形和面外变形，连梁单元能够更好地模拟与墙肢的变形协调。     

浆锚连接装配式剪力墙空间结构模型试验研究

为验证浆锚连接装配式剪力墙的抗震可靠性并确定其受力性能,对一浆锚连接装配式剪力墙空间结构模型进行了低周反复加载试验。试验过程中观测了浆锚连接装配式剪力墙以及叠合连梁的开裂规律和破坏特点,测得了空间结构模型的荷载、位移数据,并以此为基础,进一步分析了浆锚连接装配式剪力墙空间结构模型的关键抗震性能参数。试验研究发现:浆锚连接装配式剪力墙的首条裂缝出现在浆锚搭接区的端部,并受拼缝界面水平相对滑移的影响;浆锚连接件的连接性能可靠,最终破坏阶段未出现连接件的失效;装配式剪力墙具有较好的抗震性能,但是其连梁的力学性能过于薄弱,在连梁屈服后整体结构的耗能性能并未出现明显的提高。研究表明浆锚连接在搭接区的边缘存在两个新的薄弱面,建议在装配式剪力墙中应重视连梁的合理设计。     

四川烟草兴业大厦结构设计

四川烟草兴业大厦为一超高层混合结构,采用矩形钢管混凝土柱框架-钢筋混凝土核心筒结构体系.结合工程特点,详细介绍了结构设计过程中结构布置、计算分析、主要抗震加强措施、竖向变形差的处理等方面的内容,可供类似工程设计参考.     

钢筋混凝土连梁抗震加固的试验研究

钢筋混凝土连梁是抗侧向力(风荷载和地震作用)结构-剪力墙或核心筒中的一个重要构件.在地震作用下,连梁的刚度、强度及延性对整个结构的行为表现有极大的影响.局部连梁的失效可引起抗侧力结构的整体失效.随着经济、社会的发展,在过去建成的没有考虑抗震设计或采用过时规范设计连梁的老旧高层建筑,不再满足安全要求以及由于时间因素,钢筋强度的退化,混凝土强度的降低;还有建筑物改变用途,需要增加结构构件强度,所有这些因素,都会要求对连梁进行加固处理.本文介绍了钢筋混凝土连梁加固的抗震试验研究.加固采用在连梁两侧用螺栓固定钢板的方法.研究结果表明,加固后的连梁在循环荷载下,具有更好的耗能性能、强度增加、延性性能增强且延性系数不降低.所以,此种连梁加固方法是一种可行的、能应用于实际建筑结构的、有待更进一步研究、完善的连梁加固方法.     

Behavior of coupled shear walls with buckling‐restrained steel plates in high‐rise buildings under lateral actions

Traditional coupling beams in coupled shear walls (CSWs) may be lack of required ductility or inconvenient to be fully repaired or replaceable after earthquake damage. To improve the CSW seismic performance, a type of new structural system, which is referred to as coupled shear walls with buckling‐restrained steel plates (CSW–BRSP), is proposed and thoroughly studied. In the system, a pair of individual concrete wall is coupled through buckling‐restrained steel plates instead of traditional concrete coupling beams. Based on the continuous medium method (CMM), stiffness and strength design formulas are developed for the seismic design of this system. Intensive investigations have been conducted to assess the undesirable axial forces in the buckling‐restrained steel plates induced by lateral loads. In order to facilitate the application of this system, a detailed design procedure is also explicitly stated. Finally, an example of typical high‐rise building is presented to illustrate the design procedure as well as demonstrate the excellent seismic performance of the proposed system by means of nonlinear time‐history analysis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Experimental comparative study of coupled shear wall systems with steel and reinforced concrete link beams

This paper aims to investigate the seismic performance improvement effect of coupled shear wall with steel link beams under cyclic lateral loading. The quasi‐static tests on two 1/3‐scaled specimens, including one coupled shear wall with steel link beams and one coupled shear wall with conventional concrete link beams, were conducted. These two specimens were designed with similar lateral initial stiffness and tested under the same gravity and lateral cyclic loading procedure. The specimen with concrete link beams exhibited sequence shear failures of link beams from top to bottom storey after completing 22 loading cycles. However, the specimen with steel link beams sustained ductile and plump hysteretic behavior under the same loading cycles. The lateral load‐resisting capacity of the specimen with steel link beams is 2.2 times of the specimen with concrete link beams. The experimental results demonstrated great advantages of steel link beams in improving seismic performance of conventional coupled shear wall systems.     

可更换钢连梁抗震性能试验研究

通过拟静力试验,研究由跨中部消能梁段和两端非消能梁段组成的可更换钢连梁的抗震性能和震后可更换能力。试验共包括4个连梁试件,采用4种不同的消能梁段与非消能梁段连接方式,分别为端板-抗剪键连接、拼接板连接、腹板-螺栓连接、腹板-结构胶连接。试验结果表明：采用端板-抗剪键连接时,连梁的塑性变形和损伤集中在消能梁段,连梁的极限塑性转角可达0.06 rad,具有稳定的滞回耗能能力;采用拼接板连接或腹板-螺栓连接时,消能梁段剪切屈服,连接处摩擦型高强螺栓有不同程度的滑移,连梁的极限塑性转角也可达0.06 rad;采用腹板-结构胶连接时,连接处结构胶开裂导致连梁脆性破坏。在连梁转角为0.02 rad加载后对消能梁段进行更换,采用端板-抗剪键连接的试件更换时间最短,而腹板-螺栓连接的试件能在更大的残余转角时更换。此外,消能梁段在较大塑性剪切变形时伴有轴向变形,导致连梁试件承受较大轴力,连梁的轴力影响需要进一步研究。     

混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

为满足高层建筑对抗震性能及装配性能的要求,提出一种混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构。通过对一榀三层对称双肢2/3缩尺试件的低周反复加载试验,观测混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构在循环荷载作用下的破坏全过程,分析试件的滞回性能、承载力、延性、刚度退化、耗能能力及连梁转动能力。研究表明:混合联肢部分外包组合剪力墙结构的滞回曲线饱满而稳定,没有明显的捏缩现象,该试件正反向位移延性系数平均值达到3.65,抗震性能及协同工作能力良好;剪切型钢连梁的损伤集中在连梁腹板处,极限塑性转角达到0.05rad;由于墙肢中部区格翼缘的设置,限制墙肢底部混凝土剪切裂缝的发展,剪力墙破坏的主要形式为弯曲破坏;钢连梁及型钢部分外包组合剪力墙均表现出优良延性和耗能能力;结构极限层间侧移角达到1/45,超过罕遇地震下规范限值要求。按照整体结构屈服时耦连比为45%设计的试件,塑性铰的发展满足"强墙肢弱连梁"的规律。基于试验结果,利用有限元软件ABAQUS进行拟静力分析,与试验吻合较好。     

Shear strength of the connection between a steel coupling beam and a reinforced concrete shear wall in a hybrid wall system

No specific guidelines are available for computing the shear strength of the connection between a steel coupling beam and a reinforced concrete shear wall in a hybrid wall system. There were carried out analytical and experimental studies on the connection between a steel coupling beam and a concrete shear wall in a hybrid wall system. The bearing stress at failure in the concrete below the embedded steel coupling beam section is related to the concrete compressive strength and the ratio of the width of the embedded steel coupling beam section to the thickness of the shear walls. Experiments were carried out to determine the factors influencing the shear strength of the connection between a steel coupling beam and a reinforced concrete shear wall. The test variables included the reinforcement details that confer a ductile behaviour in the connection between a steel coupling beam and a shear wall, i.e., the auxiliary stud bolts attached to the steel beam flanges and the transverse ties at the top and the bottom steel beam flanges. In addition, additional test were conducted to verify the strength equations of the connection between a steel coupling beam and a reinforced concrete shear wall. The proposed equations in this study were in good agreement with both our test results and other test data from the literature.     

配置斜筋单排配筋混凝土双肢剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

在水平地震作用下,低轴压比的单排配筋混凝土剪力墙易在底部施工缝处产生剪切滑移现象,影响其耗能能力,在剪力墙底部配置斜向钢筋可以较好地避免此现象发生。为研究配置斜筋单排配筋混凝土双肢剪力墙的抗震性能,对3个1/2缩尺的单排配筋混凝土双肢剪力墙进行了拟静力试验,研究了在墙肢及连梁中配置斜筋对混凝土双肢剪力墙破坏机制与抗震性能的影响。对比分析了配置斜筋双肢墙与未配置斜筋双肢墙的破坏形态、滞回特性、承载力、延性、刚度和耗能能力。试验结果表明:在墙肢配筋量相同的条件下,在墙肢底部设置适量的斜筋,可提高双肢墙的延性和耗能能力,并对其破坏机制产生影响;在墙肢分布钢筋量不变条件下,在墙肢底部和连梁中增设斜筋,可明显提高双肢墙的延性和耗能能力。     

Seismic behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular frame to RC shear wall high-rise mixed structures

Composite frames consisting of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns and steel beam are being used more and more popularly in building structures. In China, the composite frame structures are often mixed with reinforced concrete shear walls to form a high-rise building system. However, there was seldom information on the seismic performance of this kind of mixed construction. Shaking table tests on two building models with 30 storeys consisting of composite frames and RC shear walls were thus presented in this paper. CFST columns with circular and square sections were used in the composite frames respectively. Three kinds of real earthquake records, including Taft (EW), El Centro (NS) and Tianjin waves with peak accelerations of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g, and 0.8g, were applied respectively to simulate different levels of earthquakes in the tests. It was found that the composite frames cooperated well with the core RC shear wall structure under earthquakes, and the two building models exhibited excellent seismic performance.