基于Jena的台风灾害领域本体模型推理

针对传统台风灾害预测以统计学方法为主,而缺乏语义驱动和智能推理的问题,提出一种基于Jena的台风灾害领域本体模型推理机制。首先,在分析台风灾害的影响因素和演变历史的基础上,采用网络本体语言(OWL)建立台风灾害领域本体模型; 其次,利用Jena推理引擎和自定义规则对台风灾害本体模型进行推理,挖掘被隐藏的台风灾害影响因素或灾害链信息; 最后,构建了本体驱动的台风灾害专家系统(Onto-TDES)。实验结果证明,该方案能初步解决传统台风灾害预测缺乏语义驱动和智能推理的问题,提高台风灾害管理与预测的智能化水平。     

Review based emotion profiles for cross domain recommendation

Several e-commerce sites are reaping the benefits of Cross-Domain Recommendation (CDR) systems to cross-sell products, guide new users and increase revenues. Current research works augment user-item ratings with a variety of auxiliary information such as location, personality, geo-tags and multimedia content that link multiple domains to provide effective CDR. In this paper, we propose a fresh perspective for generating recommendations across different domains by tapping the emotions that are encapsulated within user generated textual content such as reviews, blogs and comments. Such emotions serve as strong socio-psychological links between various entertainments domains and have the potential to obviate the cold start problems. Our CDR scheme uses an enriched emotion lexicon to analyze the emotions in online content expressed by users in the source and target domains and generates emotion-profiles of items and users in both domains. Subsequently, it applies collaborative filtering to match these profiles in order to recommend items in the target domain. We illustrate the working of our emotion-based CDR scheme using the movie and book domains as a case study. Experimental results on Movielens and Bookcrossing datasets yield 28.9% F1-measure which is a marked improvement of 71.1% as compared with a recently reported topic modeling approach to CDR for entertainment domains.     

Example‐Driven Deformations Based on Discrete Shells

Despite the huge progress made in interactive physics‐based mesh deformation, manipulating a geometrically complex mesh or posing a detailed character is still a tedious and time‐consuming task. Example‐driven methods significantly simplify the modelling process by incorporating structural or anatomical knowledge learned from example poses. However, these approaches yield counter‐intuitive, non‐physical results as soon as the shape space spanned by the example poses is left. In this paper, we propose a modelling framework that is both example‐driven and physics‐based and thereby overcomes the limitations of both approaches. Based on an extension of the discrete shell energy we derive mesh deformation and mesh interpolation techniques that can be seamlessly combined into a simple and flexible mesh‐based inverse kinematics system.     

Data‐Driven Shape Analysis and Processing

Data‐driven methods serve an increasingly important role in discovering geometric, structural and semantic relationships between shapes. In contrast to traditional approaches that process shapes in isolation of each other, data‐driven methods aggregate information from 3D model collections to improve the analysis, modelling and editing of shapes. Data‐driven methods are also able to learn computational models that reason about properties and relationships of shapes without relying on hard‐coded rules or explicitly programmed instructions. Through reviewing the literature, we provide an overview of the main concepts and components of these methods, as well as discuss their application to classification, segmentation, matching, reconstruction, modelling and exploration, as well as scene analysis and synthesis. We conclude our report with ideas that can inspire future research in data‐driven shape analysis and processing.     

基于BIM 的建筑消防安全管理应用框架研究

随着我国城市化步伐的加快,城市火灾的发生呈上升趋势,火灾防治的难度不断 加大,对防火设计和消防安全管理的要求不断提高。近年来建筑信息模型(BIM)技术的不断发 展,为建筑消防设计和消防安全管理提供了新的思路和方法。研究探讨了基于BIM 的建筑消防 安全管理的应用框架,包含基于BIM 的建筑消防设计子模型、基于BIM 的消防预案管理子模 型和基于BIM 的智能消防系统子模型。通过实际工程的案例分析,验证了BIM 技术在建筑消 防安全管理中的实现和应用价值,为建筑消防安全管理的改进提供了参考和技术支持。     

Taking up the situated cognition challenge with ripple down rules

Situated cognition poses a challenge that requires a paradigm shift in the way we build symbolic knowledge-based systems. Current approaches require complex analysis and modelling and the intervention of a knowledge engineer. They rely on building knowledge-level models which often result in static models that suffer from the frame of reference problem. This approach has also resulted in an emphasis on knowledge elicitation rather than user requirements elicitation. The situated nature of knowledge necessitates a review of how we build, maintain and validate knowledge-based systems. We need systems that are flexible, intuitive and that interact directly with the end-user. We need systems that are designed with maintenance in mind, allowing incremental change and on-line validation. This will require a technique that captures knowledge in context and assists the user to distinguish between contexts. We take up this challenge with a knowledge acquisition and representation method known as Ripple-down Rules. Context in Ripple-down Rules is handled by its exception structure and the storing of the case that prompted a rule to be added. A rule is added as a refinement to an incorrect rule by assigning the correct conclusion and picking the salient features in the case that differentiate the current case from the case associated with the wrong conclusion. Thus, knowledge acquisition and maintenance are simple tasks, designed to be performed incrementally while the system is in use. Knowledge acquisition, maintenance and inferencing are offered in modes that can be performed reflexively without a knowledge engineer. We further describe the addition of modelling tools to assist the user to reflect on their knowledge for such purposes as critiquing, explanation, “what-if” analysis and tutoring. Our aim is to provide a system that lets the user choose the mode of interaction and view of the knowledge according to the situation in which they find themselves and their own personal preferences.     

How Critical Infrastructure Orients International Relief in Cascading Disasters

Critical infrastructure and facilities are central assets in modern societies, but their impact on international disaster relief remains mostly associated with logistics challenges. The emerging literature on cascading disasters suggests the need to integrate the nonlinearity of events in the analyses. This article investigates three case studies: the 2002 floods in the Czech Republic, Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, tsunami and Fukushima meltdown in Japan. We explore how the failure of critical infrastructure can orient international disaster relief by shifting its priorities during the response. We argue that critical infrastructure can influence aid request and delivery, changing needs to address the cascades, and contain cascading technology‐based events. The conclusions propose remaining challenges with applying our findings.     

An E‐HOIM Based Data‐Driven Adaptive TILC of Nonlinear Discrete‐Time Systems for Non‐Repetitive Terminal Point Tracking

This work proposes a new adaptive terminal iterative learning control approach based on the extended concept of high‐order internal model, or E‐HOIM‐ATILC, for a nonlinear non‐affine discrete‐time system. The objective is to make the system state or output at the endpoint of each operation track a desired target value. The target value varies from one iteration to another. Before proceeding to the data‐driven design of the proposed approach, an iterative dynamical linearization is performed for the unknown nonlinear systems by using the gradient of the nonlinear system with regard to the control input as the iteration‐and‐time‐varying parameter vector of the equivalent linear I/O data model. By virtue of the basic idea of the internal model, the inverse of the parameter vector is approximated by a high‐order internal model. The proposed E‐HOIM‐ATILC does not use measurements of any intermediate points except for the control input and terminal output at the endpoint. Moreover, it is data‐driven and needs merely the terminal I/O measurements. By incorporating additional control knowledge from the known portion of the high order internal model into the learning control law, the control performance of the proposed E‐HOIM‐ATILC is improved. The convergence is shown by rigorous mathematical proof. Simulations through both a batch reactor and a coupled tank system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于案例分析-项目驱动的Visual Basic教学实践探究

结合案例分析教学和项目驱动教学的优点,根据VisualBasic课程的内容及特点,把两种教学法同时运用于Visual Basic课程的教学中,提出案例分析-项目驱动教学模式。重点研究如何将该教学模式应用于Visual Basic教学实践中的若干问题。旨在为计算机程序设计教学提供可借鉴的经验和建议。     

Painful Steps of Progress from Crisis Planning to Contingency Planning: Changes for Disaster Preparedness in Turkey

Excessive losses in natural disasters in Turkey are, to a large extent, a consequence of omissions and deficiencies in the structuring of ‘disasters’ and ‘development’ laws, as well as negligent land‐use practices and avoidance of control in building processes. Two extreme forms of legal and organizational structures in disasters policy could be formulated as the ‘fatalist’ and ‘self‐reliance‘ models. Their contrasts can be investigated in terms of (a) the use of information concerning natural phenomena in formal planning procedures; (b) pre‐ or post‐disaster emphasis in preparations; (c) the political or technical basis of decisions; (d) the extraordinary or routine nature of responses; (e) the general or specialized nature of financial sources used; (f) and their compatibility with the order of priorities in risk management. An evaluation of the conventional policy in Turkey clarifies a position closer to the ‘fatalist’ model and indicates the lines of action for improvements. However, after the 1999 earthquakes, the conventional approach in disaster policy has been restructured. With the newly introduced ‘Obligatory Building Insurance’, ‘Building Control’, and ‘Professional Proficiency’ systems, greater emphasis is now given to mitigation efforts, and the introduction of contingency planning practices is more likely to happen.     

Similarity and metrics in case‐based reasoning

Similarity is a core concept in case‐based reasoning (CBR), because case base building, case retrieval, and even case adaptation all use similarity or similarity‐based reasoning. However, there is some confusion using similarity, similarity measures, and similarity metrics in CBR, in particular in domain‐dependent CBR systems. This article attempts to resolve this confusion by providing a unified framework for similarity, similarity relations, similarity measures, and similarity metrics, and their relationship. This article also extends some of the well‐known results in the theory of relations to similarity metrics. It appears that such extension may be of significance in case base building and case retrieval in CBR, as well as in various applied areas in which similarity plays an important role in system behavior. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Digital twin-based opti-state control method for a synchronized production operation system

The intelligent manufacturing strategy and customer demand have mutually promoted each other. Also, the production mode is shifting towards customized production, and more rental resources or services are introduced to the production system, therefore, the systems are becoming more complex. Compared with traditional production systems, such systems have some new features, this work calls this type of system as a synchronized production operation system (SPOS). Under such circumstances, production systems are influenced by more frequent uncertainties, and the planning-based production decision and control approach is no longer applicable. The opti-state control (OsC) method is proposed to help SPOS keep in an optimal state when uncertainties affect the system. Besides, a digital twin-based control framework (DTCF) is designed for getting the full element information needed for decision making. Based on the comprehensive information of the production system obtained by the DTCF, the OsC method is introduced to the virtual control layer to formulate the optimal target guiding the path of the system in real time through the dynamic matching mechanism (qualitative perspective). Then multi-stage synchronized control with analysis target cascading (ATC) method is used to get the local optimal state decisions (quantitative perspective). From both qualitative and quantitative aspects to ensure the system is under an optimal target path for optimal operation procedure. At last, a case study in a large-size paint making company in China is used to validate the effectiveness of the approach.     

建筑电气设备远程智能监控系统设计研究

随着互联网技术的发展,先进传感技术、通信技术以及计算机技术广泛应用于智能建筑电气设备中,从而加快了建筑电气监控系统的发展与应用。为了更好的实现对建筑电气设备的远程监控,对基本B/S模式和C/S模式的监控系统进行的深入的研究,采用了L-N(Local-monitoring-Network)总线,同时结合HTTP协议、Ajax以及JSP等关键技术和方法,实现了跨越不同平台之间的远程Web建筑电气设备监控系统,实验测试结果表明Web监控系统的页面简单大方、操作运行稳定,能够满足用户对建筑电气设备监控的要求,经实际应用,满足了用户能够远程利用浏览器实现对局域网中的所有的电气设备的运行情况进行现场实时的监控与调式。     

通用基础软件等级保护测评原型的研究

文章提出了一种针对国产通用基础软件的等级保护测评原型。该原型在深入对比分析国内外主要等级保护相关标准的基础上,充分考虑了国产通用基础软件自身的特点。原型的内容既涵盖了软件代码、体系结构风险等常规软件安全测试项目,还包括了身份鉴别、访问控制、完整性等等级保护中的要求。本文提出的测评原型既可以为建立国产通用基础软件的安全测试标准体系提供参考,也可以用来指导国产通用基础软件的安全性测试工作。     

TOTEM: Reconciling multi-level modelling with standard two-level modelling

Model driven Engineering (MDE) advocates the active use of models throughout the different software development phases. In MDE, models are described using meta-models, one meta-level above. This approach effectively leaves developers with one single meta-level to create their models. However, there are scenarios where the use of multiple meta-levels results in simpler models with less accidental complexity. Hence, to simplify modelling in these cases, several multi-level modelling approaches and tools have recently emerged to increase the flexibility in modelling. While they provide advanced primitives to simplify modelling, there are possibilities to improve interoperability with mainstream two-level modelling approaches based on the Meta-Object Facility (MOF) standard of the Object Management Group (OMG), and achieve wider adoption.For this purpose, we first characterise the design space of multi-level modelling approaches using a feature model. On such a basis, we provide a detailed comparison of existing multi-level modelling tools, identifying gaps and research opportunities. As a result of this gap analysis, we propose a new approach to multi-level modelling that embeds multiple meta-levels within one meta-model (i.e., encoding objects as classes, and instantiation as inheritance), and a tool – called TOTEM – which implements these concepts. The tool capabilities and its benefits in terms of interoperability with mainstream, standard modelling frameworks are illustrated through an example, as well as with empirical and analytical evaluations.     

基于WebGIS和．Net技术的自动气象信息探测系统研究

应用WebGIS技术和．Net技术开发了集实时监测、统计分析．浏览查询、预警报警、应用服务等多种功能为一体的自动气象信息探测业务系统,为短时强对流天气预报、台风预报、其它重大灾害性天气预报以及决策服务提供图形图像资料产品,为政府指挥防灾减灾决策提供科学依据。构建在Web上的6IS系统相对传统GIS系统具有不可比拟的优势,不但节省客户端维护费用,而且使得基于GIS的自动气象站信息应用随处可得,不再受客户端技术条件的限制,大大提高了气象业务服务的效率和效益。     

Input‐to‐state stability of switched nonlinear systems with delay in the active mode detection

A switched nonlinear system subject to disturbances is considered in this paper. The switching signal admits an average dwell time and a state feedback control depending on the system operating modes, detected with a maximum time delay, is applied to the system. In this framework, the input‐to‐state stability problem of the closed‐loop system is addressed. Based on some established existence conditions of mode‐dependent Lyapunov‐like functions, the values of the maximum time delay and the average dwell time that allow to achieve the input‐to‐state stability of the closed‐loop system are determined. In order to obtain more tractable results, the existence conditions of the mode‐dependent Lyapunov‐like functions are given in terms of sum‐of‐squares programming in the case of polynomial nonlinearities. In the linear case, they are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities and a procedure for the synthesis of the mode‐dependent controller is provided in this situation. The established theoretical results are illustrated through a control problem of a building ventilation system and a switched control problem of a vehicle suspension system.     

Performance of hardcoded finite automata

We study the performance of a hardcoded algorithm for recognizing strings of a finite automaton's language and compare it with the use of the more conventional table‐driven algorithm. In both cases, performance depends on the finite automaton's dimensions such as alphabet size and the number of states. However, the respective processing mechanisms that influence the performance, in particular cache memory usage, depend on the details of the processor's underlying architecture. In the hardcoded case, the automaton's dimensions determine the size of the code which is, in turn, the primary determinant of the way in which cache memory is used. In the table‐driven case, cache memory usage is primarily determined by the way in which portions of the transition table are stored in it. Using statistical regression analysis, we provide multivariate equations to model the observed time efficiency of both methods. The equations obtained are cross‐compared and conclusions are drawn. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multiple models based on fuzzy qualitative modelling

This paper presents a systematic investigation of developing multiple models of a physical system through the use of Fuzzy Qualitative Modelling (FuSim) technique, essentially along with four basic modelling dimensions identified: abstraction, commitment, model resolution, and relation strength. Implications of multiple models for Model-Based Reasoning in general and Model-Based Diagnosis in particular are discussed. Examples for building up multiple models against different modelling dimensions are provided with respect to a simple physical system and experimental simulation results shown.     

Computer simulations vs. building guidance to enhance evacuation performance of buildings during emergency events

Computer technologies can play an important role in the establishment of dynamic building information by introducing predictive modelling where behaviours of structures or groups of people can be simulated and observed. This way they can facilitate the design of the built environment to cope with emergency events. Modelling and simulation applications can be particularly useful at pre-planning, predicting possible damage, training responders, raising public awareness, and performance evaluation for reconstruction. They can be used for the development of virtual scenarios that include aspects of rescue operations, social behaviour of building occupants, and basic design requirements to test the current building codes and regulations. Within this context, the contribution of crowd simulation to improving the design of the built environment and guidelines is highlighted in this paper. Current building guidance for emergencies are summarised and the methodology developed to use crowd modelling to define design information associated with exit preferences of people during evacuations is explained. The results of the case studies underlined that there is a difference between the assumptions used for static information in current building guidance.