Dynamic experimental study of viscous damper on Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joint of steel and composite structures

In order to analyze the dynamic mechanical properties of viscous damper on the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints under seismic excitation, we designed 3 specimens for dynamic cyclic loading, including 2 specimens with viscous damper, which called controlled structure and 1 specimen without viscous damper called noncontrolled structure. The failure process and corresponding failure mode were obtained. The failure characteristics, skeleton curves, and mechanical behavior such as the load‐displacement hysteretic loops, degradation of strength and rigidity, ductility and energy dissipation of the joints and the load‐displacement hysteretic loops of viscous damper were analyzed. Results indicate that the hysteretic curve of viscous damper on the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints and viscous damper are plumper, and the structure has good ductility and capacity of energy dissipation. In the study, the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints and viscous damper can work together in conjunction. The load‐bearing capacity of the controlled structure is significantly higher than that of the noncontrolled structure; the performance of ductility and the ability of energy dissipation are superior to those of the noncontrolled structure. All experimental results reflect that the seismic performance of the controlled structure is significantly superior to that of the noncontrolled structure.     

Experimental study and numerical analysis on seismic performance of steel beam‐column damping joint in Chinese traditional style buildings

This paper aims to research the seismic performance of steel beam‐column damping joint of Chinese traditional style building. Three specimens of steel beam‐column damping joints with the1:2.6 scale were designed and researched, which included two specimens with viscous damper and one contrast specimen without viscous damper. The experimental study was carried out by cyclic dynamic loading test. The effects of viscous dampers for the steel structure beam‐column joint in Chinese traditional style buildings are analyzed by investigating the hysteretic curves, skeleton curves, strength and stiffness degradation, ductility, overstrength factor, and energy dissipation capacity. The results show that the steel beam‐column joints of Chinese tradition style buildings with viscous damper have better energy dissipation capacity and higher bearing capacity. Based on the experiment, the nonlinear finite element analysis was conducted using the ABAQUS software. The influence of damping coefficient on the behavior of the new damping joint of Chinese tradition style buildings was obtained, and the design suggestions were presented.     

Reinforced concrete roof exterior wide and conventional beam–column joints under lateral load

Performance of beam–column joints at roof level is one of the areas needing research in ACI 352R‐02. Thus, behavior of roof exterior beam–column joints was evaluated by testing two half‐scale roof wide and conventional beam–column joints effectively confined on three vertical faces under lateral quasi‐static cyclic loading. Both of the specimens had conventional transverse beams. They were designed in accordance with ACI 318‐11 and ACI 352R‐02 provisions. It became clear by the tests that roof exterior wide beam–column joint was more ductile compared with roof exterior conventional beam–column joint. But there was not considerable difference between strength and energy dissipation capacity of the specimens. Moreover, joint shear strength was sufficient in wide beam–column joint. Therefore, joint shear requirements can be relaxed for roof exterior wide beam–column connection. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

附设黏滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑混凝土梁-柱节点 动力循环加载性能分析

进行了4个附设黏滞阻尼器及2个未附设黏滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑混凝土梁-柱节点在动力循环荷载作用下的试验研究,获得其荷载-位移滞回曲线,分析其延性、耗能能力等力学性能。结果表明：附设黏滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑混凝土梁-柱节点试件滞回曲线饱满,延性及耗能性能良好。基于试验研究结果,采用ABAQUS软件建立三维有限元模型,对试件进行数值模拟分析,研究附设黏滞阻尼器的传统风格建筑混凝土梁-柱节点的承载力、延性等性能;非线性模拟分析得出的结果与试验实测结果吻合较好。在此基础上对该类构件进行参数分析,研究轴压比、混凝土强度、方钢管屈服强度、阻尼器关键参数等对其力学性能影响。结果表明：随混凝土强度、方钢管屈服强度、阻尼系数提高,试件承载能力逐渐增大;随轴压比及混凝土强度增大,试件的承载力虽有提高,但试件延性逐渐降低;提高方钢管屈服强度,试件延性增大;随着阻尼指数的增大,试件的承载力和位移延性呈现出先上升后下降的特征。表明要提高附设黏滞阻尼器试件的抗震性能,应合理选择黏滞阻尼器的性能参数。     

世博会主题馆预应力混凝土梁-钢骨变截面劲性柱节点设计及试验研究

为研究预应力混凝土梁-钢骨变截面劲性柱节点的破坏特征及受力性能,进行了4个模型试件的低周反复荷载试验。观察了各节点的受力过程及破坏形态,并分析了试件的荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载能力和延性等力学特性。结果表明：预应力混凝土梁-钢骨变截面劲性柱节点典型破坏形态是梁端弯剪破坏,该类节点的延性与混凝土梁柱节点相似,位移延性系数为2.0,柱内钢骨可提高节点的承载能力及刚度;柱内钢骨变截面可有效改善节点的延性性能,而对承载能力没有影响;节点处混凝土的浇筑质量对节点的整体受力性能影响较大。最后对该类节点给出了设计及施工建议。试验研究成果可为预应力混凝土梁-钢骨变截面劲性柱节点工程研究及应用提供参考。     

仿古建筑钢结构双梁-柱边节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究仿古建筑钢结构双梁 柱边节点的破坏特征和抗震性能,进行了4个比例为1/2的边节点低周反复荷载试验,观察了节点的受力过程及破坏形态,分析了该类节点的荷载-位移滞回曲线、承载能力、变形性能、刚度退化和耗能能力等力学特性。结果表明：仿古建筑钢结构双梁-柱边节点试件在加载过程中形成了上、中、下核心区;节点变形主要发生在下核心区,而中核心区和上核心区的变形很小,始终处于弹性阶段;梁截面形式不同时节点破坏形态有所不同,箱形截面梁节点下核心区出现”X”形的严重扭曲破坏或上部箱形截面柱和内环板连接的焊缝断裂;工形截面梁节点则是阑额上翼缘与节点核心区连接的焊缝断裂;节点的位移延性系数介于1.98～3.61之间,等效黏滞阻尼系数介于 0.227～ 0.387;随着柱轴压比由0.3增大到0.6,节点承载力有所降低。     

大悬挑钢箱梁与折线形钢箱柱连接节点试验研究

为研究大悬挑钢箱梁与折线形钢箱柱连接节点在不同工况组合下的受力性能,对其进行了1∶3的缩尺试验研究和有限元数值分析。试验借助改进型几何可变框式试验架,实现了设计要求的2种荷载工况,并分析了节点在各种工况组合下的受力性能和变形情况。运用有限元软件对节点进行了弹性分析,得到了节点的应力分布与变形情况。研究结果表明：试验结果与有限元分析结果吻合良好,验证了理论分析的正确性;节点在设计荷载作用下始终处于弹性工作状态,其受力最不利位置位于左梁与折线柱的翼缘相交部位。     

Study of a new type of self‐centering beam‐column joint in steel frame structures

A new type of self‐centering beam‐column joint with installed steel arc plates is proposed in this study. First, mechanical behavior of the self‐centering joint using prestressed steel strands to provide the centering force is theoretically analyzed in detail, followed by experimental validation. New joints with different arc plate parameters are designed and tested under cyclic loading. Test results show that the hysteretic curve of the new joint exhibits typical characteristic of self‐centering capacity. By parametric analysis of five design parameters of the arc plate, it is found that vector height has the greatest influence on the joint's moment‐rotation skeleton curve, which is consistent with experimental findings. A simplified model of the joint is built in OpenSees to simulate its hysteretic behavior, which agrees well with the tested results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new joint to improve the seismic performance of the overall structure, a series of nonlinear time history analysis on a steel frame structure with the new joint under earthquakes are conducted, which show that the joint is particularly effective in reducing the residual interstory drift response.     

Subassemblage test of buckling‐restrained braces with H‐shaped steel core

In this study, a subassemblage test was performed using buckling‐restrained braces with an H‐shaped core element, which have been proven in a previous uniaxial component test to have good performance. The loading protocol prescribed the quasi‐static cyclic pattern with stepwise incremental displacement amplitude. Two different end connections (bolted connection and pin connection) and two different buckling‐restrained mechanisms (concrete‐filled tube and hollow steel tube) were examined as the test parameters. The performance of the specimen was evaluated by comparing the test results with the recommended provisions for buckling‐restrained braces. The test results showed that the compression strength capacity of buckling‐restrained brace (BRB) with in‐filled concrete increased by about 10% compared with BRB without in‐filled concrete. According to test result at same story drift of 2D_bm, structural performance of pin connection specimen without bolt slippage is superior to bolted connection specimen. Also, bolted connection specimens showed similar performance for total energy dissipation and cumulative plastic ductility, regardless of the connection types and the existence of concrete filling. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Self‐centering steel–timber hybrid shear wall with slip friction dampers: Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation

An innovative self‐centering steel–timber hybrid shear wall (SC‐STHSW) system is proposed as a promising structural solution for earthquake‐resilient buildings. The SC‐STHSW is composed of posttensioned (PT) steel rocking frame and infill light‐frame wood shear wall. The PT steel frame provides self‐centering capability, whereas the infill wood shear wall improves the lateral stiffness and the load resistance. Meanwhile, friction dampers are assembled into the connections between the steel frame and the infill wall to provide energy dissipation. Theoretical analysis and cyclic loading test were conducted to comprehend the load‐resisting behavior of the proposed SC‐STHSW system, and closed‐form solutions of the moment, shear, and axial force distribution along the length of the steel beam were formulated. Moreover, a nonlinear finite element model was developed, and the model was further used to verify the derived theoretical formulas. Results showed that the SC‐STHSW system was able to undergo large interstory drift without the development of plastic zones in the steel frame members, which resulted in very small residual deformation. The presented experimental and numerical results aim to provide a practical structural solution for high‐performance earthquake‐resilient buildings.     

Design and specification compilation of a modular‐prefabricated high‐rise steel frame structure with diagonal braces part II: Elastic–plastic time‐history analysis and joint design

The use of modular‐prefabricated steel structures has distinct advantages, such as rapid construction, industrial production, and environmental protection. Although this type of structure has been extensively employed around the world, it is primarily used for low‐rise buildings; its application in high‐rise buildings is limited. This paper proposes a new type of modular‐prefabricated high‐rise steel frame structure with diagonal braces. An elastic–plastic time‐history analysis of a 30‐storey building during rare earthquakes was performed. The base shear, storey drift, stress, damage characteristics, and other performances of the structure were investigated. According to the mechanism analysis, finite element simulation, and model test, the formulas for the elastic and elastic–plastic design of the truss–column connection, column–column flange connection, and diagonal brace–truss connection are proposed in this paper. The control parameters for the structural design are also discussed. This study provides an important reference for the research and design of this type of modular‐prefabricated high‐rise steel structure. The design method has been compiled into a design specification named Technical Specifications for Prefabricated Steel Frame Structure with Diagonal Bracing Joints, which is unique for this type of structure.     

Shaking table test and numerical analysis of a high‐rise building with steel reinforce concrete column and reinforce concrete core tube

This paper assesses the seismic performance of a high‐rise building with steel reinforce concrete column and reinforce concrete core tube in Shanghai, China. This building has 54 floors above the ground and 4 basements, and it has two strengthened layers, which are composed of outrigger truss and belt truss. In order to validate the reliability and the safety of this structure, besides the conventional analysis, shaking table test of scale model was conducted. In the test, the maximum responses of acceleration and deformation were measured and evaluated, as well as the dynamic characteristics, crack pattern, and failure mechanism of the building. Meanwhile, elastic‐plastic time‐history analysis for prototype structure was carried out by the finite element analysis program, and the experimental data were compared with the analytical results to gain a better understanding of the seismic performance of the building. The conclusions are summarized below:

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Seismic testing and numerical analysis of Y‐shaped eccentrically braced frame made of high‐strength steel

In eccentrically braced frame made of high‐strength steel (HSS‐EBF), link and brace are made from conventional steel whereas other structural members use high‐strength steel. Using HSS for beams and columns in EBF can reduce steel consumption and increase economic efficiency. In this paper, one shake table test of a 1:2 scaled three‐story Y‐shaped HSS‐EBF (Y‐HSS‐EBF) specimen was carried out to study its seismic behavior underground motions with different peak ground accelerations. The dynamic properties, base shear force, displacement, and strain responses of the specimen were obtained from this test. In addition, the finite element models of two 10‐story Y‐HSS‐EBF buildings and one 10‐story conventional Y‐EBF building were evaluated for seismic effects. Nonlinear pushover and dynamic analyses were conducted to compare their seismic performance and economy. The results indicated that the specimen exhibited sufficient lateral stiffness and safety but suffered some localized damages. During the high seismic intensity earthquakes, the links of the test specimen were in inelastic to dissipate the earthquake energy, whereas other structural members remained in the elastic state. Under the same design conditions, Y‐HSS‐EBF used less steel than that of conventional Y‐EBF, which could reduce the amount of steel used in Y‐HSS‐EBF. The Y‐HSS‐EBF is a safe, dual system with reliable seismic performance.     

Shaking table test and numerical simulation on vibration control effects of TMD with different mass ratios on a super high‐rise structure

In this paper, the influence of mass ratio on the vibration control effects of tuned mass damper (TMD) on a super high‐rise building has been investigated. A 1/45 scaled model of a super high‐rise building was constructed, and the TMD with the mass ratio of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03, respectively, was suspended on the top. Shaking table test and the corresponding numerical simulation were carried out to make a further understanding of the damping mechanism. The structural performance with or without TMD was comparatively studied. The results show that larger mass ratio can improve the control effects under frequent earthquake, but the control effects increase little with the increase of mass ratio under rare earthquake due to structural damages, accompanied by stiffness degradation and nonlinear behavior of the main structure. In addition, some suggestions on the mass ratio selection are also proposed to generalize its applications.