共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 968 毫秒
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Oleksandr Nechyporchuk Karl M. O. Hkansson Krishne Gowda.V Fredrik Lundell Bengt Hagstrm Tobias Khnke 《Advanced Materials Technologies》2019,4(2)
Microfluidic fiber spinning is a promising technique for assembling cellulose nanomaterials into macroscopic fibers. However, its implementation requires upscalabe fabrication processes while maintaining high strength of the fibers, which could not be previously achieved. Herein, a continuous wet spinning process based on microfluidic flow focusing is developed to produce strong fibers from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nanocrystals (CNCs). Fibers with an average breaking tenacity as high as 29.5 cN tex−1 and Young's modulus of 1146 cN tex−1 are reported for the first time, produced from nonhighly purified CNF grades. Using the same developed method, wet spinning of fibers from CNCs is achieved for the first time, reaching an average Young's modulus of 1263 cN tex−1 and a breaking tenacity of 10.6 cN tex−1, thus exhibiting strength twice as high as that of common CNC films. A rather similar stiffness of CNC and CNF spun fibers may originate from similar degrees of alignment, as confirmed by wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and birefringence measurements, whereas lower strength may primarily arise from the shorter length of CNCs compared to that of CNFs. The benefit of CNCs is their higher solids content in the dopes. By combining both CNCs and CNFs, the fiber properties can be tuned. 相似文献
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Steven E. Naleway Michael M. Porter Joanna McKittrick Marc A. Meyers 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2015,27(37):5455-5476
Eight structural elements in biological materials are identified as the most common amongst a variety of animal taxa. These are proposed as a new paradigm in the field of biological materials science as they can serve as a toolbox for rationalizing the complex mechanical behavior of structural biological materials and for systematizing the development of bioinspired designs for structural applications. They are employed to improve the mechanical properties, namely strength, wear resistance, stiffness, flexibility, fracture toughness, and energy absorption of different biological materials for a variety of functions (e.g., body support, joint movement, impact protection, weight reduction). The structural elements identified are: fibrous, helical, gradient, layered, tubular, cellular, suture, and overlapping. For each of the structural design elements, critical design parameters are presented along with constitutive equations with a focus on mechanical properties. Additionally, example organisms from varying biological classes are presented for each case to display the wide variety of environments where each of these elements is present. Examples of current bioinspired materials are also introduced for each element. 相似文献
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Meiwen Peng Danli Shi Yinghui Sun Jian Cheng Bo Zhao Yiming Xie Junchang Zhang Wei Guo Zheng Jia Zhiqiang Liang Lin Jiang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(23):1908201
3D printing of graphene electrodes with high mechanical strength has been a growing interest in the development of advanced energy, environment, and electronic systems, yet is extremely challenging. Herein, a 3D printed bioinspired electrode of graphene reinforced with 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (3DP GC) with both high flexural strength and hierarchical porous structure is reported via a 3D printing strategy. Mechanics modeling reveals the critical role of the 1D CNTs in the enhanced flexural strength by increasing the friction and adhesion between the 2D graphene nanosheets. The 3DP GC electrodes hold distinct advantages: i) an intrinsically high flexural strength that enables their large-scale applications; and ii) a hierarchical porous structure that offers large surface area and interconnected channels, endowing fast mass and/or charge and ions transport rate, which is thus beneficial for acting as an ideal catalyst carrier. The 3DP GC electrode integrated with a NiFeP nanosheets array exhibits a voltage of 1.58 V at 30 mA cm−2 as bifunctional electrode for water splitting, which is much better than most of the reported Ni-, Co-, and Fe-based bifunctional electrocatalysts. Importantly, this study paves the way for the practical applications of 3D printed graphene electrodes in many energy conversion/storage, environmental, and electronic systems where high flexural strength is preferred. 相似文献
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Junwei Ding;Dongfang Ji;Yuanzheng Yue;Morten M. Smedskjaer; 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2024,20(5):2304270
Lithium-ion and post-lithium-ion batteries are important components for building sustainable energy systems. They usually consist of a cathode, an anode, an electrolyte, and a separator. Recently, the use of solid-state materials as electrolytes has received extensive attention. The solid-state electrolyte materials (as well as the electrode materials) have traditionally been overwhelmingly crystalline materials, but amorphous (disordered) materials are gradually emerging as important alternatives because they can increase the number of ion storage sites and diffusion channels, enhance solid-state ion diffusion, tolerate more severe volume changes, and improve reaction activity. To develop superior amorphous battery materials, researchers have conducted a variety of experiments and theoretical simulations. This review highlights the recent advances in using amorphous materials (AMs) for fabricating lithium-ion and post-lithium-ion batteries, focusing on the correlation between material structure and properties (e.g., electrochemical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal ones). We review both the conventional and the emerging characterization methods for analyzing AMs and present the roles of disorder in influencing the performances of various batteries such as those based on lithium, sodium, potassium, and zinc. Finally, we describe the challenges and perspectives for commercializing rechargeable AMs-based batteries. 相似文献
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层状结构陶瓷复合材料 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
介绍了弱界面结合和强界面结合的两类层状结构陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，独特的韧性等力学性能及增韧机理，裂纹沿界面的完全偏转及层中的残余应力分别是两类复合材料具有特殊力学性能的原因。 相似文献
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Bingbing Gao Xuan Wang Tong Li Zhangqi Feng Chunyan Wang Zhongze Gu 《Advanced Materials Technologies》2019,4(1)
Touch sensing is the most basic but important way for organisms to interact with the outside world, and thus, fingertip skin has been widely studied to enable the manufacture of artificial skin. Sensitive multisensing integrated with perfect adhesion performance is crucial for synchronous and sensitive human physical and biochemical indicator monitoring. Here, a gecko‐inspired nanotentacle skin integrated with a microfluidic system and a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)‐based piezoelectricity nanogenerator (PENG) is proposed for simultaneous multisensing. The obtained 3D nitrocellulose (NC) nanotentacle array paper is flexible and freestanding. Stainless stamps are used to imprint lithography patterns (microfluidic channels) on the NC paper, and channels with three branches are used for sweat split‐flow and sensing of pH, urea, and lactic acid. Meanwhile, the patterned substrate is integrated with a PENG, and the nanotentacles allow the substrate to conformally fit to rough skin, thus enabling sensitive sensing of micromotions (pulse beats). The results indicate that the multifunctional skin sensor is capable of sensitively monitoring the human state, thereby serving as an inspiring example for the construction of next‐generation skin with smart sensing systems. Furthermore, our sensors are amenable to a variety of applications, such as personal care, artificial skin, and human–machine interactions. 相似文献
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为解决高分子基复合材料固有热导率较差这一问题,本文采用简单高效、易工业化的开炼法在聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体(POE)基体中构建有序的取向结构,制备了一种具有优异综合性能的柔性相变复合材料。在开炼机的强剪切场作用下,石蜡(PW)和氮化硼(BN)在POE基体内部沿剪切场方向发生了定向取向排列,促进了导热通路的构建。当石墨烯纳米片(GNPs)和BN添加量分别为2wt%和25wt%时,PW-2wt%GNPs-25wt%BN/POE相变复合材料热导率(
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Protein encapsulation is a growing area of interest, particularly in the fields of food science and medicine. The sequestration of protein cargoes is achieved using a variety of methods, each with benefits and drawbacks. One of the most significant challenges associated with protein encapsulation is achieving high loading while maintaining protein viability. This difficulty is exacerbated because many encapsulant systems require the use of organic solvents. By contrast, nature has optimized strategies to compartmentalize and protect proteins inside the cell—a purely aqueous environment. Although the mechanisms whereby aspects of the cytosol is able to stabilize proteins are unknown, the crowded nature of many newly discovered, liquid phase separated “membraneless organelles” that achieve protein compartmentalization suggests that the material environment surrounding the protein may be critical in determining stability. Here, encapsulation strategies based on liquid–liquid phase separation, and complex coacervation in particular, which has many of the key features of the cytoplasm as a material, are reviewed. The literature on protein encapsulation via coacervation is also reviewed and the parameters relevant to creating protein‐containing coacervate formulations are discussed. Additionally, potential opportunities associated with the creation of tailored materials to better facilitate protein encapsulation and stabilization are highlighted. 相似文献
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Hydrogels: Artificially Engineered Protein Hydrogels Adapted from the Nucleoporin Nsp1 for Selective Biomolecular Transport (Adv. Mater. 28/2015) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Minkyu Kim Wesley G. Chen Jeon Woong Kang Matthew J. Glassman Katharina Ribbeck Bradley D. Olsen 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2015,27(28):4244-4244
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De-Han Li Zi-Meng Han Qian He Kun-Peng Yang Wen-Bin Sun Hao-Cheng Liu Yu-Xiang Zhao Zhao-Xiang Liu Chen-Na-Yan Zong Huai-Bin Yang Qing-Fang Guan Shu-Hong Yu 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2023,35(1):2208098
Widely used disposable plastic tableware is usually buried or directly discharged into the natural environment after using, which poses potential threats to the natural environment and human health. To solve this problem, nondegradable plastic tableware needs to be replaced by tableware composed of biodegradable structural materials with both food safety and the excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Here, a food-safe sargassum cellulose nanofiber (SCNF) is extracted from common seaweed in an efficient and low energy consuming way under mild reaction conditions. Then, by assembling the SCNF into a dense bulk material, a strong sargassum cellulose nanofiber structural material (SCNSM) with high strength (283 MPa) and high thermal stability (>160 °C) can be prepared. The SCNSM also possesses good machinability, which can be processed into tableware with different shapes, e.g., knives and forks. The overall performance of the SCNSM-based tableware is better than commercial plastic, wood-based, and poly(lactic acid) tableware, which shows great application potential in the tableware field. 相似文献
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André R. Studart 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2012,24(37):5024-5044
Biological composites have evolved elaborate hierarchical structures to achieve outstanding mechanical properties using weak but readily available building blocks. Combining the underlying design principles of such biological materials with the rich chemistry accessible in synthetic systems may enable the creation of artificial composites with unprecedented properties and functionalities. This bioinspired approach requires identification, understanding, and quantification of natural design principles and their replication in synthetic materials, taking into account the intrinsic properties of the stronger artificial building blocks and the boundary conditions of engineering applications. In this progress report, the scientific and technological questions that have to be addressed to achieve this goal are highlighted, and examples of recent research efforts to tackle them are presented. These include the local characterization of the heterogeneous architecture of biological materials, the investigation of structure–function relationships to help unveil natural design principles, and the development of synthetic processing routes that can potentially be used to implement some of these principles in synthetic materials. The importance of replicating the design principles of biological materials rather than their structure per se is highlighted, and possible directions for further progress in this fascinating, interdisciplinary field are discussed. 相似文献
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Xiao Han Khalil T. Hassan Alan Harvey Dejan Kulijer Adrian Oila Michael R. C. Hunt Lidija Šiller 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(23)
Aerogels are the least dense and most porous materials known to man, with potential applications from lightweight superinsulators to smart energy materials. To date their use has been seriously hampered by their synthesis methods, which are laborious and expensive. Taking inspiration from the life cycle of the damselfly, a novel ambient pressure‐drying approach is demonstrated in which instead of employing low‐surface‐tension organic solvents to prevent pore collapse during drying, sodium bicarbonate solution is used to generate pore‐supporting carbon dioxide in situ, significantly reducing energy, time, and cost in aerogel production. The generic applicability of this readily scalable new approach is demonstrated through the production of granules, monoliths, and layered solids with a number of precursor materials. 相似文献
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R. G. Munro 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2001,106(6):1045-1050
The NIST Ceramics Division maintains two databases on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and other properties of high temperature superconductors and structural ceramics. Crystallographic data are featured prominently among the physical property data and serve several important functions in the classification and evaluation of the property values. The scope of materials, properties, and data evaluation protocols are discussed for the two databases. 相似文献
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M. Rezaa Mohammadi Claudia Corbo Roberto Molinaro Jonathan R. T. Lakey 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,15(34)
Incapability of effective cross‐talk with biological environments has partly impaired the in vivo functionality of nanoparticles (NPs). Homing, biodistribution, and function of NPs could be engineered through regulating their interactions with in vivo niches. Inspired by communications in biological systems, endowing a “biological identity” to synthetic NPs is one approach to control their biodistribution, and immunonegotiation profiles. This synthetic‐biological combination is referred to as biohybrid NPs, which comprise both i) engineerable, readily producible, and trackable synthetic NPs as well as ii) biological moieties with the capability to cross‐talk with immunological barriers. Here, the latest understanding on the in vivo interactions of NPs, biological barriers they face, and emerging methods for quantitative measurements of NPs' biodistribution are reviewed. Some key biomolecules that have emerged as negotiators with the immune system in the context of cancer and autoimmunity, and their inspirations on biohybrid NPs are introduced. Critical design considerations for efficient cross‐talk between NPs and innate and adaptive immunity followed by hybridization methods are also discussed. Finally, clinical translation challenges and future perspectives regarding biohybrid NPs are discussed. 相似文献
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蜘蛛丝力学性能的多变性 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
为进一步探索蜘蛛丝的成丝机理,研究了不同个体大小,不同生存方式,不同环境湿度的大腹圆蛛牵引丝的拉伸性能。结果表明,蜘蛛对其丝纤维的结构和性能具有自我调控能力,随着环境,自身条件,生存方式等成丝条件的变化,蜘蛛牵引丝的力学性能也会发生相应的变化。 相似文献
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采用熔融纺丝法制备了淀粉基可生物降解纤维,利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热分析仪(TG)以及单纤维强力仪等对纤维的热性能和力学性能进行了研究,借助数码相机以及环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对降解前后纤维样品的形貌特征进行了研究,通过土埋生物降解实验,研究了纤维的生物降解性能。结果表明,淀粉基可生物降解纤维具有较高的断裂强度与断裂伸长率;随生物降解时间的延长,降解率逐步增加,力学性能逐渐下降;纤维颜色逐渐变为褐色甚至黑色,纤维表面有微孔、裂缝出现,100天能达到完全降解,表明该纤维具有优异的可生物降解性。 相似文献