In Situ Fabrication of Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles/2D MOFs Hybrid as Nanozyme for Antibacterial Therapy

As one of the common reactive oxygen species, H₂O₂ has been widely used for combating pathogenic bacterial infections. However, the high dosage of H₂O₂ can induce undesired damages to normal tissues and delay wound healing. In this regard, peroxidase‐like nanomaterials serve as promising nanozymes, thanks to their positive promotion toward the antibacterial performance of H₂O₂, while avoiding the toxicity caused by the high concentrations of H₂O₂. In this work, ultrasmall Au nanoparticles (UsAuNPs) are grown on ultrathin 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) via in situ reduction. The formed UsAuNPs/MOFs hybrid features both the advantages of UsAuNPs and ultrathin 2D MOFs, displaying a remarkable peroxidase‐like activity toward H₂O₂ decomposition into toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Results show that the as‐prepared UsAuNPs/MOFs nanozyme exhibits excellent antibacterial properties against both Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria with the assistance of a low dosage of H₂O₂. Animal experiments indicate that this hybrid material can effectively facilitate wound healing with good biocompatibility. This study reveals the promising potential of a hybrid nanozyme for antibacterial therapy and holds great promise for future clinical applications.     

Photo-Responded Antibacterial Therapy of Reinfection in Percutaneous Implants by Nanostructured Bio-Heterojunction

Percutaneous implants may experience infection for several times during their servicing periods. They need antibacterial activity and durability to reduce recurrent infection and cytocompatibility to reconstruct biosealing. A novel photoresponse bio-heterojunction (PCT) is developed herein. It consists of TiO₂ nanotubes loaded with CuS nanoparticles and wrapped with polydopamine (PDA) layer. In PCT, a built-in electric field directing from TiO₂ to CuS and then to PDA is formed, and with near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, it drives photoexcited electrons to transfer in opposite direction, resulting in the separation of electron–hole pairs and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Simultaneously, PCT shows photothermal effect due to nonradiative relaxation of photoexcited electrons and thermal vibration of lattices. The synergic effect of photogenerated ROS and hyperthermia increases bacterial membrane permeability and leakage of cellular components, endowing PCT with outstanding antibacterial performance. More importantly, PCT has good antibacterial durability and cytocompatibility due to the inhibited leaching of CuS by PDA layer. In reinfected models, with NIR irradiation, PCT sterilizes bacteria, reduces inflammatory response and enhances re-integration of soft tissue efficiently. This work provides an outstanding bio-heterojunction for percutaneous implants in treating reinfection by NIR irradiation and rebuilding biosealing.     

Thermal-Disrupting Interface Mitigates Intercellular Cohesion Loss for Accurate Topical Antibacterial Therapy

Bacterial infections remain a leading threat to global health because of the misuse of antibiotics and the rise in drug-resistant pathogens. Although several strategies such as photothermal therapy and magneto-thermal therapy can suppress bacterial infections, excessive heat often damages host cells and lengthens the healing time. Here, a localized thermal managing strategy, thermal-disrupting interface induced mitigation (TRIM), is reported, to minimize intercellular cohesion loss for accurate antibacterial therapy. The TRIM dressing film is composed of alternative microscale arrangement of heat-responsive hydrogel regions and mechanical support regions, which enables the surface microtopography to have a significant effect on disrupting bacterial colonization upon infrared irradiation. The regulation of the interfacial contact to the attached skin confines the produced heat and minimizes the risk of skin damage during thermoablation. Quantitative mechanobiology studies demonstrate the TRIM dressing film with a critical dimension for surface features plays a critical role in maintaining intercellular cohesion of the epidermis during photothermal therapy. Finally, endowing wound dressing with the TRIM effect via in vivo studies in S. aureus infected mice demonstrates a promising strategy for mitigating the side effects of photothermal therapy against a wide spectrum of bacterial infections, promoting future biointerface design for antibacterial therapy.     

Ag/SiO2抗菌材料的制备及抗菌性能研究

以甲基三乙氧基硅烷为疏水性前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备单质银掺杂的疏水性二氧化硅(Ag/SiO2)材料。通过XRD、紫外-可见光谱和红外光谱分析,对Ag/SiO2材料的物相和化学结构进行了表征,并研究了其对大肠杆菌和地表水样的抗菌性能。结果表明,Ag/SiO2材料中的银元素以单质形式存在,具有疏水性Si-CH3基团,单质银的掺杂对Ag/SiO2材料的化学结构影响不明显。随着银含量的增加,Ag/SiO2材料的抑菌性明显增强,银含量nAg=0.15时,其对大肠杆菌抑菌率达91.86%,对地表水样的抑菌率达92.38%,具有较好的抑菌广谱性。     

An All‐Organic Semiconductor C3N4/PDINH Heterostructure with Advanced Antibacterial Photocatalytic Therapy Activity

Antibacterial photocatalytic therapy has been reported as a promising alternative water disinfection technology for combating antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. Numerous inorganic nanosystems have been developed as antibiotic replacements for bacterial infection treatment, but these are limited due to the toxicity risk of heavy metal species. Organic semiconductor photocatalytic materials have attracted great attention due to their good biocompatibility, chemically tunable electronic structure, diverse structural flexibility, suitable band gap, low cost, and the abundance of the resources they require. An all‐organic composite photocatalytic nanomaterial C₃N₄/perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic diimide (PDINH) heterostructure is created through recrystallization of PDINH on the surface of C₃N₄ in situ, resulting in enhanced photocatalytic efficiency due to the formation of a basal heterostructure. The absorption spectrum of this composite structure can be extended from ultraviolet to near‐infrared light (750 nm), enhancing the photocatalytic effect to produce more reactive oxygen species, which have an excellent inactivation effect on both Gram‐negative and positive bacteria, while demonstrating negligible toxicity to normal tissue cells. An efficient promotion of infectious wound regeneration in mice with Staphylococcus aureus infected dermal wounds is demonstrated. This all‐organic heterostructure shows great promise for use in wound disinfection.     

吡啶硫酮锌/蒙脱土的制备及其抗菌性能研究

以载锌蒙脱土为前驱体,在蒙脱土的层间,引入吡啶硫酮阴离子,原位制备了新型的吡啶硫酮锌/蒙脱土(ZPT/MMT)抗菌材料.采用XRD、FT-IR、TG、DSC和UV-VisDRS对材料的插层结构、耐光、耐热性能进行分析,结果表明,蒙脱土层间的吡啶硫酮阴离子以吡啶硫酮锌的形式存在,致使层间距d001值由1.29nm增至1.85nm,并且ZPT/MMT具有较好的耐光性和耐热性(热分解温度高于240℃).抗菌试验结果表明,ZPT/MMT对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有较好的抗菌活性.     

聚苯胺/氧化铜纳米复合材料的制备及抗菌性能

通过水热法制得长2μm,直径100 nm~200 nm的氧化铜纳米棒,然后以此纳米棒采用原位聚合法得到了聚苯胺/氧化铜纳米复合材料。并用傅立叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热重分析（TG）等测试方法对所得复合材料进行了表征。结果表明,聚苯胺对纳米氧化铜表面包覆,得到了棒状核壳结构的复合材料,当氧化铜添加质...     

PCL/PVA/Nisin复合抑菌膜的制备和性能表征

目的 以可生物降解材料为成膜基材,添加天然抗菌物质,制备出复合抑菌薄膜,研究其各项性能,以期用于猪肉的保鲜。方法 以聚己内酯(PCL)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为成膜基材,添加乳酸链球菌素(Nisin),通过流延法制备出复合抑菌膜。通过改变Nisin的含量,研究其对复合薄膜光学性能、力学性能及抑菌性能的影响。结果 Nisin质量为0.7 g的复合薄膜其保鲜效果最佳,可以明显抑制金黄色葡萄球菌的生长,贮藏7 d后pH值为6.8,保鲜时间是空白组的2倍;该含量的薄膜透光率为86.13%,拉伸强度为23.30 MPa。结论 Nisin质量为0.7 g的复合抑菌薄膜的综合性能最佳,该膜有较好的抑菌性能、光学性能和力学性能,可以延长猪肉的保鲜时间,对功能性包装膜的研究有一定的指导意义。     

石墨烯/银纳米复合材料的制备及其抗菌性能

目的研究石墨烯/银纳米粒子(AgNP/G)复合抗菌材料简单快捷的制备方法。方法在碱性环境下采用原位还原法制备AgNP/G纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射、红外、紫外和透射电镜等技术对AgNP/G复合材料的结构及形貌进行表征,探讨其形成机理,并通过平板计数法来观察AgNP/G复合材料的抗菌性能。结果所制备的AgNP/G复合材料中,形成的纳米银尺寸较小(15 nm)、粒径均一,在石墨烯片层上分布均匀。当AgNP/G的抗菌质量浓度为20μg/m L时,抗菌率达到98.7%。结论碱的存在能加速银纳米粒子在石墨烯片层上的形成,得到的AgNP/G复合材料抗菌性能优异。     

电纺制备明胶/壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石/氧化石墨烯抗菌复合纳米纤维的研究

本研究模拟细胞外基质成分与结构, 采用静电纺丝法成功制备出明胶/壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石/氧化石墨烯四元复合纤维。重点考察该体系中物质浓度对复合纤维形貌及抗菌性能的影响。结果表明: 明胶浓度增大会增大纤维的直径, 但浓度过大会出现粘连现象, 其最佳浓度为15~20%; 加入壳聚糖(CS)会出现细纤维分支, 其浓度为1%左右较佳; 增加羟基磷灰石(HA)浓度, 可提高电纺液的导电性, 降低纤维中的珠状物和粘联现象发生, 粒径为12 μm的HA浓度为5%时纤维形态较好; 加入氧化石墨烯后可使纤维形态均匀、光滑。最后对四元复合纤维进行了抗菌性能考察, 发现氧化石墨烯的加入增强了复合纤维的抗菌性。明胶/壳聚糖/羟基磷灰石/氧化石墨烯四元复合纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有较好的抗菌效果。     

聚乳酸/茶多酚复合纳米纤维膜抗菌机理

将茶多酚(TP)与聚乳酸(PLA)共混,采用静电纺丝方法制备PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)测试、抑菌圈法及流式细胞仪(FACS)对复合纳米纤维膜的成分、抗菌性能及抗菌机理进行研究。FT-IR测试结果验证了PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜中通过价键的结合使两者复合在一起。抗菌测试结果显示:随着TP含量增加,复合纳米膜抗菌性能提高。对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈宽度分别从3.67cm和3.71cm增加到5.17cm和5.67cm。FACS结果表明:PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜对比纯PLA纳米纤维膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的PI染色率明显增加,分别从0.78%和1.45%增加到6.47%和9.26%,揭示了PLA/TP复合纳米纤维膜能够破坏菌体细胞膜的完整性,最终导致其死亡。     

Mesoporous Silica Supported Silver–Bismuth Nanoparticles as Photothermal Agents for Skin Infection Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy

The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria has resulted in plenty of stubborn nosocomial infections and severely threatens human health. Developing novel bactericide and therapeutic strategy is urgently needed. Herein, mesoporous silica supported silver–bismuth nanoparticles (Ag‐Bi@SiO₂ NPs) are constructed for synergistic antibacterial therapy. In vitro experiments indicate that the hyperthermia originating from Bi NPs can disrupt cell integrity and accelerate the Ag ions release, further exhibiting an excellent antibacterial performance toward methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Besides, under laser irradiation, Ag‐Bi@SiO₂ NPs at 100 µg mL^?1 can effectively obliterate mature MRSA biofilm and cause a 69.5% decrease in the biomass, showing a better therapeutic effect than Bi@SiO₂ NPs with laser (26.8%) or Ag‐Bi@SiO₂ NPs without laser treatment (30.8%) groups. More importantly, in vivo results confirm that ≈95.4% of bacteria in abscess are killed and the abscess ablation is accelerated using the Ag‐Bi@SiO₂ NPs antibacterial platform. Therefore, Ag‐Bi@SiO₂ NPs with photothermal‐enhanced antibacterial activity are a potential nano‐antibacterial agent for the treatment of skin infections.     

Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans

Dental caries is a very infectious disease; in humans, 95% of the worldwide population is affected. The microorganism associated with dental caries is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Although several mechanisms for its control have been used, its prevalence and incidence are still high. New alternatives are silver nanoparticles due to their antibacterial effect. In this work, we determined the antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on S. mutans. Three sizes of silver nanoparticles were used to find minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in S. mutans using reference and clinical stocks. Kruskal-Wallis and U of Mann-Whitney statistical tests were applied. We found bactericidal effect for the three groups, with significant statistical differences between them. Our results agree with those already reported by several authors. This study concludes that silver nanoparticles present antibacterial activity on S. mutans and this property is better when the particle size is diminished.     

壳聚糖/有机锂皂石纳米复合材料的制备及抗菌性能研究

采用离子交换法将季铵盐及壳聚糖插层到锂皂石层间, 制备锂皂石基二次插层复合物。所制备的两种二次插层复合物的层间距相比于纯的锂皂石分别增加了0.276 nm和0.262 nm。用大肠杆菌(E. coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S. cereus)为模拟体系对二次插层复合物的抗菌性进行了检验, 利用抑菌环和平板计数法测定两种二次插层复合物的抗菌能力。抗菌结果显示, 细菌与两种复合物接触24 h后, 锂皂石/十四烷基三甲基溴化铵/壳聚糖对大肠杆菌的抗菌率可达100%, 对S.cereus的抗菌率可达85%以上, 锂皂石/十六烷基三甲基溴化铵/壳聚糖对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率均可达99%以上。采用扫描电镜法及β-半乳糖苷酶活性考察了两种复合物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌过程及机理, 结果表明: 复合物首先通过表面带的正电荷将表面带负电的细菌吸附到材料表面, 随后借助有机物阳离子的疏水作用, 穿透细菌细胞膜, 从而达到杀菌效果。     

季铵化壳聚糖改性ZnO/凹凸棒石纳米复合材料及其抗菌性能

凹凸棒石(APT)一维纳米棒晶在功能载体方面具有广阔的应用前景.本研究在凹凸棒石表面负载ZnO纳米粒子的基础上,采用季铵化壳聚糖进行改性,通过调控复合材料表面电荷进而提升抗菌性能.采用XRD、FESEM、TEM、EDS和BET对ZnO/APT纳米复合材料进行结构表征,采用FTlR和Zeta电位对季铵化壳聚糖改性ZnO/APT纳米复合材料进行改性分析.研究结果表明,ZnO纳米粒子均匀担载在凹凸棒石表面,季铵化壳聚糖成功改性了ZnO/APT复合材料.最小抑菌浓度试验表明,5％季铵化壳聚糖改性ZnO/APT纳米复合材料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌值分别为0.25 mg/mL和0.5 mg/mL.细胞毒性试验结果表明,在测试浓度范围内,季铵化壳聚糖改性纳米复合材料对HeLa细胞的存活率超过97.3％,具有良好的生物相容性.     

纳米二氧化钛/聚乳酸抗菌薄膜的制备和性能

目的以聚乳酸(PLA)为原料,添加纳米二氧化钛(Nano-TiO_2)来制备新型可生物降解抗菌包装材料。方法将抗菌剂Nano-TiO_2添加到PLA中,采用溶液流延法制备Nano-TiO_2/PLA抗菌薄膜。测试该抗菌薄膜的抑菌性、力学性能、透湿性,并用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射测定等手段对改性结果进行评估。结果当Nano-TiO_2的质量分数为4%时,抗菌薄膜对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率为90.27%,其拉伸强度为23.2 MPa,断裂伸长率为2.2%,透湿系数为2.3×10~(-13) g·cm/(m~2·s·Pa)。结论Nano-TiO_2/PLA抗菌薄膜具有优良的抑菌效果,可用于食品、药品等产品的包装。     

Antibacterial hydroxyapatite/chitosan complex coatings with superior osteoblastic cell response

Chitosan was widely used as an antibacterial component. While most antibacterial materials also possess cytotoxicities, we hypothesize that selectively destruction of bacterial cells can be achieved by controlling the material parameters of chitosan, due to its intrinsic antibacterial mechanism. In this study, porous hydroxyapatite coatings prepared by the liquid precursor plasma spraying process were used for loading the chitosan with different concentrations: 10, 20, 50, and 100 g/L, respectively. The antibacterial properties and osteoblastic cell response of the hydroxyapatite/chitosan complex coatings were studied as a function of chitosan concentration. The results indicated that the antimicrobial activity was directly proportional to the chitosan concentration, while loading of chitosan with lower concentrations (10 and 20 g/L) was even beneficial to the proliferation of osteoblastic cells. Overall, our study demonstrated that combined antibacterial activity and superior osteoblast cell response can be achieved by using hydroxyapatite/chitosan complex coatings, which have great potential in bone replacement and regeneration applications.     

纳米TiO_2/SiO_2复合食品抗菌材料

以水玻璃和Ti(SO4 ) 2 为原料 ,制备出了多孔的纳米TiO2 /SiO2 复合粒子。在后处理过程中 ,利用无机包覆剂溶解度随温度的变化 ,在复合粒子表面包覆了一层无机结晶膜。经热处理除去包覆剂后 ,得到了以单分散纳米复合粒子组成的复合微粉。对复合微粉进行比表面和孔容测试 ,并运用XRD和TEM进行了表征。发现TiO2 以 12 6nm的纳米晶粒的形式被多孔的SiO2 包覆 ,所形成的复合粒子则约为2 0nm。为了了解复合微粒的灭菌效果 ,运用纳米TiO2 和复合粉末对 4种保健食品进行对照灭菌实验。两个月以后 ,测得含复合微粒的样品中的菌落总数为 5 0～ 12 0个 / g ,是相应保健食品企业标准许可菌落数的 0 2 5 %～ 0 .7% ,为相应空白样和纳米TiO2 粉样品菌落数的 0 .5 2 %～ 0 .97%和33 .3%～ 83 .3 %     

聚乙烯/壳聚糖-柠檬精油抗菌膜的制备及应用

目的 为了获得具有优良抗菌性能的PE食品包装膜。方法 以聚乙烯膜（PE）为基材,根据静电相互吸引的原理,将带负电的食品接触材料丙烯酸树脂阴离子乳液（1127-PAA）涂覆在PE上,再涂覆带正电的壳聚糖（CTS）/柠檬油（LEO）,从而获得具有优良抗菌性能的PE食品包装膜。利用氨基黑染色和接触角实验对涂覆效果进行分析,考察PE-PAA-CTS/LEO复合膜中CTS与LEO的比例,以及CTS/LEO的层数对复合膜抗菌性的影响。以冷藏猪肉为保鲜对象,通过定期对冷藏猪肉的挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N值）、pH值、菌落总数、水分迁移、色差（a*值、b*值、L*值）、质构（弹性、硬度和黏度）进行测定,对冷藏猪肉进行鲜度分析,评估复合膜的保鲜效果。结果 将PAA,CTS依次均匀地涂覆在PE膜上,膜的接触角由原来的71°变为22°,亲水性得到大大提高;当复合膜中CTS与LEO的体积比为1︰1,且CTS/LEO的层数为2层时,牛津杯测得抑菌圈的直径可达35.6 mm,其抗菌性较优且成本较低;与纯PE膜相比,综合挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N值）、pH值、菌落总数、色差（a*值、b*值、L*值）、质构（弹性、硬度和黏度）和核磁共振指数等实验结果可知,PE-PAA-CTS/LEO抗菌膜能将冷藏猪肉的保质期延长2 d。结论 与空白PE膜相比,PE-PAA-CTS/LEO复合膜能有效延长冷藏猪肉的保质期2 d,当PE+PAA膜上CTS/LEO的层数为2时,其抑菌效果最优且成本最低。