加劲与不加劲钢板剪力墙的试验研究和理论分析

带或不带加劲肋的钢板剪力墙系统主要用于抵抗水平荷载,尤其是地震作用。现有文献对不带加劲肋的钢板剪力墙进行了大量的理论分析和试验研究,并提出了多种适用于超薄钢板剪力墙的分析方法,但对带加劲肋的钢板剪力墙研究较少。对2个带和不带加劲肋的单肢钢板剪力墙和其中的1榀外框架进行试验。结果表明,加劲肋提高了钢板剪力墙的性能,使钢板的能量耗散能力增加26%、剪切刚度增加51.1%,而对钢板的剪切强度影响甚微。此外,利用试验结果验证剪力墙-框架相互作用理论(PFI)的可行性。试验结果表明,该理论能够用于预测带或不带加劲钢板剪力墙剪切时的荷载-位移曲线。     

Experimental and theoretical studies of steel shear walls with and without stiffeners

Steel plate shear walls are lateral load resisting systems, especially against earthquake excitation. They are constructed with or without stiffeners. In contrary to stiffened steel plate shear walls, there are many theoretical and experimental studies on these systems without stiffeners and different analytical methods have been presented for them which are mostly applicable to very thin steel plates shear walls. In this research, two one story similar steel plate shear walls with and without stiffeners and one of their surrounding frames were tested and the behavior of them was studied. The results showed that, installation of stiffeners improved the behavior of the steel plate shear walls. It caused 26% increase in energy dissipation capacity and 51.1% increase in the shear stiffness of steel plate while its effect on the steel plate shear strength was minor. In addition, the Plate-Frame interaction theory (PFI) was verified by using the experimental results and the test results showed that, this theory has good capability for predicting the shear load – displacement curve behavior of steel shear walls with or without stiffeners.     

全加劲两侧开缝钢板剪力墙弹性屈曲研究

采用有限元方法对全加劲两侧开缝钢板剪力墙在面内水平荷载作用下的弹性屈曲临界荷载、屈曲模态进行了研究。对影响其弹性屈曲性能的参数进行了分析,包括两侧和中部加劲肋与墙板的刚度比、两侧和中部加劲肋宽厚比以及墙板高厚比和边长比。给出了全加劲两侧开缝钢板剪力墙加劲肋的弹性屈曲设计参考公式,为开缝钢板剪力墙的应用提供依据。     

On the design of stiffeners in steel plate shear walls

This paper describes a numerical investigation to provide a practical design method for stiffening thin steel plate shear walls. The procedure considers one-sided transverse and longitudinal flat stiffeners located in various arrangements on shear plates which effectively divides the plate into subpanels and expands tension fields across the infill walls. The results obtained from several nonlinear static analyses are employed to draw applicable empirical relationships for evaluating optimal dimensions of stiffeners. The procedure also ascertains the effects of optimised stiffeners on the postbuckling behaviour and ultimate load bearing capacity of stiffened shear walls.     

斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙弹性剪切屈曲研究

通过对剪切作用下的闭口斜加劲钢板剪力墙进行有限元弹性屈曲分析,研究了肋板刚度比和抗扭抗弯刚度比对斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙剪切屈曲性能及其加劲门槛刚度的影响。通过有限元分析,得到了斜向加劲钢板剪力墙临界剪切屈曲应力随内填板跨高比和加劲肋抗扭抗弯刚度比变化的关系曲线。考虑加劲肋对内填板加劲边转动约束,提出了第二门槛刚度,并给出了具有良好精度的斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙的门槛刚度及第二门槛刚度计算公式。研究结果表明,受压型加劲肋对加劲板的临界剪切屈曲应力提高明显,随肋板刚度比的增大,加劲板的剪切屈曲应力增大,而受拉型加劲肋对板的屈曲荷载提高有限;当肋板刚度比达到第二门槛刚度时,加劲肋可以完全约束加劲边的面外位移和转动。当提高加劲肋的抗扭抗弯刚度比时,能够有效降低加劲肋的门槛刚度,因此,建议加劲肋的抗扭抗弯刚度比不低于0. 307。     

带T形加劲肋双钢板组合剪力墙数值模拟研究

采用OpenSees软件对带T形加劲肋双钢板组合剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验进行了数值模拟,并通过与试验结果的对比验证了数值模拟的可靠性.在此基础上,通过数值模拟对影响该类组合剪力墙抗震性能的轴压比、剪跨比、钢板厚度等主要参数进行了分析.结果表明,增大剪力墙的轴压比会使承载力略微提高,但也会使后期刚度退化加快.剪跨比的增大...     

竖向加劲钢板剪力墙门槛刚度研究

为研究设置竖向加劲肋的钢板剪力墙的弹性屈曲性能,采用有限元法对竖向加劲钢板剪力墙弹性屈曲性能进行研究,分析加劲肋的刚度、加劲数量和钢板高宽比等因素的影响。研究表明:设置竖向加劲能有效提高钢板墙剪切临界应力,钢板高宽比、加劲肋数目和加劲肋抗弯刚度均对钢板剪力墙屈曲系数有较大影响。提出加劲肋门槛刚度的判定标准和计算公式,该判定标准考虑了加劲肋扭转刚度的影响。与有限元结果的比较表明,具有较好的精度,且明显优于文献结果。     

方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙结构水平承载力研究

为研究方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙结构的抗震性能和水平承载力,进行了一榀缩尺比为1∶3的2层单跨方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙结构的拟静力试验,得到了其破坏形态、荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、特征荷载和位移等。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对其进行了非线性数值模拟,分析了方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙的抗震性能、受力机理和破坏机制。基于试验和数值模拟结果,结合理论研究,提出了方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙的水平承载力的计算式,并将其计算结果与试验、数值模拟结果进行对比。结果表明：方钢管混凝土框架-十字加劲薄钢板剪力墙具有较高的水平承载力、初始刚度及良好的延性和耗能能力,水平承载力计算式的计算结果与试验、数值模拟结果吻合较好。     

开洞加劲钢板剪力墙的抗侧承载力分析

为研究墙板开洞对加劲钢板剪力墙抗侧承载力的影响,首先建立了梁 壳混合弹塑性有限元单层墙板模型,研究了极限状态下影响开洞加劲墙板受剪承载力的关键因素。在此基础上,通过大量有限元计算和参数分析,提出了用于计算开洞加劲墙板受剪承载力折减率的简化计算式,并与有限元计算结果进行对比,精度满足要求。以3个加劲钢板剪力墙试件的低周往复荷载试验研究为基础,建立了精细有限元分析模型,有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合良好,证明了模型的合理性和准确性。提出了加劲钢板剪力墙结构抗侧承载力的理论模型和计算公式,理论计算结果与有限元分析结果吻合良好。     

超薄加劲钢板剪力墙受剪性能试验研究及数值分析

对于超薄加劲钢板剪力墙,由于钢板超薄,采用传统焊接工艺将导致严重的焊接变形,故需要采用改进焊接工艺,即将钢板墙在加劲肋处断开,进行弯折组合后焊接并形成加劲肋。为研究采用改进焊接工艺完成的超薄加劲钢板剪力墙的受剪性能,进行了足尺试件的受剪性能试验,研究了钢板墙的受剪破坏形态、滞回特性、承载能力及耗能能力等,验证了在竖向加劲肋位置采用的改进连接构造及焊缝工艺满足受剪承载力要求,并对不同钢柱截面、不同墙宽高比对钢板墙受剪性能的影响进行了对比分析。结果表明:采用改进工艺的钢板剪力墙满足受剪承载力要求且具有稳定的耗能能力,随着钢柱截面积增大,钢板墙的侧移刚度、峰值荷载均有所增加,相应的极限位移、耗能能力有所下降;随着墙宽高比减小,钢板墙的侧移刚度、屈服荷载、峰值荷载均相应降低,相应的极限位移、耗能能力有所提高。采用通用有限元分析软件ANSYS对超薄加劲钢板剪力墙的受剪性能试验进行了数值模拟,有限元结果与试验结果总体吻合良好,有限元分析可以很好地模拟超薄加劲钢板剪力墙的全受力过程和破坏模式。     

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构性能研究

半刚性连接钢框架-非加劲钢板剪力墙结构弥补了传统抗弯钢框架侧向刚度不足的缺点,为采用更加经济的半刚性节点提供了可能。为研究不同梁柱连接刚度对双体系结构抗震性能的影响,完成了3个单跨两层不同梁柱连接刚度试件的水平低周往复加载试验研究,系统分析了三者的整体性能和破坏模态,拟从承载力、刚度、延性、耗能、整体性能和节点性能六个方面对双体系的节点刚度与墙体的匹配效果进行评价。结果表明:在半刚性框架内设置钢板墙能较大程度提高结构的极限承载力与侧向刚度;结构具有理想的屈服顺序,内填板在加载初期非常有效。屈服区域延伸至整个墙体时,附加荷载将基本上由边缘构件承担,试件破坏主要由内填板的屈服和框架柱的弯扭失稳控制;节点刚度退化小,且内填板的设置缓解了节点区自身的延性要求,梁柱连接形式对试件的抗侧刚度和整体强度的影响不大,降低连接刚度有利于提高试件延性和耗能能力。     

Experimental study of low-yield-point steel plate shear wall under in-plane load

This paper describes the study of the low-yield-point (LYP) steel plate shear walls under in-plane load. In the LYP steel plate shear wall system, LYP steel was selected for the steel plate wall while the boundary frame was constructed by the high strength structural steel. A series of experimental studies examined the inelastic shear buckling behavior of the LYP steel plate wall under monotonic in-plane load. The effects of width-to-thickness ratio on the shear buckling of LYP steel plates were examined. The stiffness, strength, deformation, and energy dissipation characteristics were investigated by performing cyclic loading tests on the multistorey LYP steel plate shear walls. Excellent deformation and energy dissipation capacity were obtained for all specimens tested. The LYP steel plate shear wall system is able to exceed 5% of storey drift angle under lateral force.     

Investigation on the Collapse Behavior of Diagonal Stiffened Composite Plate Girders Subjected to Shear Loading

In this study, a new analytical method is presented to estimate the shear capacity of diagonally stiffened steel–concrete composite plate girders. This method is formulated based on tension field action in steel girder web and failure mechanism of concrete slab deck. To validate the accuracy of the proposed method, the obtained results are compared with three-dimensional finite element analysis of composite plate girders with different configuration of stiffeners. The results of analytical and numerical investigations indicate that the proposed method can accurately estimate the ultimate shear capacity of composite plate girders. In addition, it is shown that the diagonal stiffeners on one hand can reduce the buckling effects of shear panel of girders and on the other hand can increase the strength of elastic shear buckling and ultimate shear capacity of girders well in comparison with the unstiffened thin steel plate girders.     

竖向闭口槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙在非均匀压剪作用下的屈曲性能

对竖向闭口槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙在非均匀压应力和剪应力共同作用下的屈曲性能进行了有限元分析,得到了竖向闭口槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙的临界屈曲剪应力随加劲肋加劲系数的变化曲线及阈值刚度,提出了剪应力和竖向压应力共同作用下加劲肋阈值刚度的计算公式。结果表明:加劲肋阈值刚度随着小区格宽高比、竖向压应力非均匀系数、加劲肋数目和加劲肋抗扭刚度与抗弯刚度比增大而减小;提高加劲肋抗扭刚度与抗弯刚度比能显著降低加劲肋阈值刚度;加劲肋阈值刚度公式计算结果与有限元分析结果吻合较好。     

Determination of effective breadth and effective width of stiffened plates by finite strip analyses

A finite strip (FS) method is presented for the numerical investigation of two design parameters — effective breadth and effective width — of stiffened plates. For the effective breadth, stiffened plates under bending are studied. Due to the transverse bending loads there is shear transmission through the plate from the stiffener which leads to a non-uniform longitudinal stress distribution across the plate width. This phenomenon, termed as shear lag, can be represented by the ‘effective breadth concept’, and has been extensively studied by analytical methods. A linear FS method is presented which utilizes the advantages of decoupling of Fourier terms on the one hand and, on the other hand, allows the treatment of both webs and flanges using a plate model. A definitely different situation exists for estimating the effectiveness of the plate breadth (or width) of plates in the postbuckling range. The ‘concept of effect width’ is based on the fact that plates with supported longitudinal edges and/or stiffeners can accept additional load after buckling under longitudinal compression, and enables the designer to evaluate the postbuckling strength of plate structures simply by using the design parameter ‘effective width’. Several formulae (most of them empirically derived) exist for an approximative calculation of the load dependent value of the effective width. A nonlinear FS method is developed and applied to the investigation of the postcritical strength of locally buckled structures. An incremental successive iterative procedure is introduced for an effective numerical analysis.     

Numerical and experimental investigation of composite steel shear wall with opening

Shear walls are used in towers as lateral loading resistance. Composite steel shear wall (CSSW) because of high stiffness and deformability are widely used. This wall made of a thin steel plate with reinforced a concrete layer, which is attached to one or both sides of the steel plate. This system is similar to stiffened steel plate shear wall. The present experimental and numerical studies were focused on the effects of opening used as windows or doors in buildings on the CSSW behavior. Experimental studies results of one and three-story CSSWs with the scale of 1:3 are reported. In addition, the effects of opening size and location are insignificant on the composite steel shear walls behavior. Results showed that opening decrease CSSW strength. Opening at the sides and corners further reduces the resistance than Opening at the center.     

钢板剪力墙低周反复荷载试验研究

本文进行了6个13比例钢板剪力墙的低周反复荷载试验,重点研究了钢板墙极限承载力和滞回性能,为钢板墙结构利用屈曲后强度及抗震设计提供试验依据;本试验揭示了边柱局部屈曲、加劲肋布置形式、加劲板刚度和板高厚比对钢板墙滞回性能的影响。试验结果表明,边柱不出现局部屈曲是钢板墙发挥极限承载力的重要保证;厚板和较强的加劲肋对提高钢板墙滞回曲线的饱满度和滞回环面积是有利的;三种钢板墙以交叉加劲板的承载力和滞回性能最佳,十字加劲板次之,钢板墙结构耗能能力依赖于钢板与边柱的弹塑性变形和钢板面外鼓曲变形。试验曲线与应用弹塑性大挠度有限元法计算的滞回曲线吻合良好;利用屈曲后强度的钢板墙受剪承载力,其试验值与本课题建议公式及有限元值计算结果基本一致。     

Seismic performance of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls

In this paper, composite shear walls with different encased steel plates (flat, horizontal corrugated, and vertical corrugated) were tested and simulated by Abaqus to investigate the seismic behavior of corrugated steel plate concrete composite shear walls (SPCSWs). The failure characteristics, deformation and energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness and bearing capacity of the structures under low‐frequency cyclic load were analyzed, and indexes of the seismic performance were obtained. The formulas of the shear‐bearing capacity of steel plate concrete composite shear walls are suggested, and the shear‐sharing ratio of each member is obtained. According to the obtained results, corrugated steel plates can bond with concrete well, and the bearing capacity of the vertical corrugated SPCSW are higher than that of the horizontal corrugated SPCSW. Compared with flat SPCSW, corrugated SPCSW has higher initial stiffness and lateral stiffness, better ductility and energy dissipation ability, and the degradation of bearing capacity and stiffness is slower. The shear‐sharing ratio of a steel plate is larger than that of reinforced concrete in the flat SPCSW and the vertical corrugated SPCSW, the shear force shared by steel plate and reinforced concrete in horizontal corrugated SPCSW is basically the same.     

轻钢龙骨复合墙体层间连接受剪性能试验研究

多层轻钢墙体的层间连接处除抵抗弯矩外,还需要有足够抗侧刚度来有效传递剪力。为了研究轻钢龙骨复合墙体层间连接的受剪性能,共对36个层间连接试件进行了低周往复加载试验,考虑了抗拔螺栓、加劲件、侧向刚性支撑件、X形支撑件、螺钉连接数量和竖向力等不同参数对试件的破坏模式和变形性能的影响。通过试验得到了各类试件的关键点应变、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、受剪承载力及抗侧刚度等,分析了不同的层间连接构造对墙体受剪性能的影响。结果表明：抗拔螺栓和加劲件对轻钢龙骨复合墙体层间连接提供的受剪承载力和抗侧刚度有限;刚性支撑件能够大幅提高轻钢龙骨复合墙体层间连接的受剪承载力和抗侧刚度,特别是刚性支撑高度和梁等高的试件,竖向力会明显增加抗侧刚度;设置X形支撑件也能较显著增加层间连接的抗侧刚度,但竖向力会使抗侧刚度大幅度减小。在试验结果基础上,提出了加劲件、X形支撑件以及刚性支撑件等轻钢龙骨复合墙体层间连接的设计建议。     

新型组合钢板剪力墙单元的抗剪承载力

提出一种适用于钢框架结构体系的新型组合钢板剪力墙形式。对4种宽厚比的纯钢板和1种组合钢板剪力墙单元的静力加载试验的结果表明:宽厚比决定了钢板初始抗侧性能和屈曲模态;小宽厚比钢板对边界约束条件较为敏感;预制墙板对提高剪力墙单元抗剪承载力和提高屈曲荷载有一定帮助,但是对钢板抗侧性能的贡献不大。通过数值模拟增加影响参数,对新型组合钢板剪力墙单元进行了理论分析。最后给出了三边固接一边弹性约束的钢板及组合钢板剪力墙单元的抗剪承载力计算公式,并依据成品预制墙板的规格尺寸给出了组合钢板剪力墙适用的预制墙板最小厚度选择方法。