共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
层状硅酸盐是制备多孔材料的优良原料,本文介绍了层状硅酸盐的结构特点,综述了层状硅酸盐多孔材料的水热合成法、结构重排法等制备方法,探讨了该类多孔材料的应用研究现状,并对其进行了对比分析。在跟踪国内外新近研究成果的基础上,提出了若干研究内容或方向。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
本文以MoO3、V2 O5等无机层状氧化物为研究基础 ,评述了聚合物—无机层状氧化物纳米复合材料的制备方法 ,分析了其结构特征 ,研究表明这类纳米复合材料仍为层状结构 ,且层间距增大 ;同时分析了其性能特征及其在电致变电材料和阴极材料中的主要应用 ,并指出目前该研究领域的前沿问题 ,最后展望了这类复合材料的发展前景。 相似文献
6.
钠离子电池因成本低和出色的低温性能,近年来被广泛关注且推到了应用市场端。层状氧化物正极材料由于具有较高的能量密度和较成熟的制备工艺而占据钠离子电池正极材料的主导地位。然而,层状氧化物残碱高,稳定性差,在长循环过程中易引发电解液氧化分解而导致电芯产气,限制了软包钠离子电池的应用。本文对比了多种单晶层状氧化物和多晶层状氧化物的特性和电化学性能,结果表明单晶结构的层状氧化物具有更加出色的循环稳定性,可以有效抑制电芯产气,为正极材料开发提供了指导。 相似文献
7.
8.
层状双(或复合)金属氢氧化物(Layered Double Hydroxides,LDHs)是一类具有特殊结构与功能的新型层状材料,因其独特的组成结构可调变性及记忆效应等特性使其在诸多领域获得广泛的研究和应用。综述了LDHs材料的组成、结构和性质以及近年来LDHs功能材料在混凝土、涂料、保温材料及其他建材中的应用进展。讨论了LDHs材料的特点和应用机理,并分析了当前LDHs材料存在的制备成本高、制备工艺条件苛刻、剥离困难及插层组装定位取向和机理分析不够成熟、用途较单一等问题。最后对LDHs在超分子功能材料及剥离重组等方面的开发使用进行了展望。 相似文献
9.
延性材料作为层状陶瓷复合材料的一种典型夹层材料,对层状陶瓷复合材料性能的提高具有独特的作用。本文从层状结构设计和制备、增韧机理、研究现状,以及存在的问题和发展前景等方面,对近年来采用延性金属和有机树脂作为夹层材料制备的层状陶瓷复合材料进行了综述。 相似文献
10.
11.
A. D. Pomogailo 《Polymer Science Series C》2006,48(1):85-111
The synthesis and structure of organo-inorganic nanocomposites prepared by intercalation of monomers or polymers into the interlayer galleries of layered matrices are analyzed. General features and the mechanism of the intercalation process, as well as materials used for this purpose, mostly often naturally occurring materials (clays, silicates, layered phosphates, chalcogenides, and other moieties hosts), are discussed. Mechanisms governing the intercalation of monomers or polymer repeating units into the interlayer galleries as guests are compared. One of the most widespread and commercially important intracrystalline chemical reactions is the incorporation of monomer molecules into pores or layered lattices of the host substances with subsequent post-intercalation transformations into polymer, oligomer, or hybrid-sandwich products. This strategy is used for the design of organo-inorganic self-assembling nanocomposites as multilayers (P/M)n, where M and P are nanosized oppositely charged layers of an inorganic component and a polymer. Particular emphasis is placed on nanocomposites based on polyconjugated conducting polymers (polyaniline, polypyrrole, etc.) and various mineral matrices, as well as on semiconductor polymer-metal chalcogenide inclusion nanocomposites. Basic application areas of hybrid nanomaterials are considered. 相似文献
12.
聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料是重要的工程材料之一。由于层状硅酸盐的特殊结构,聚合物层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的各项性能得到较大改善。聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米材料的制备、表征、结构与性能的研究取得了重要进展。本文简要概述了聚合物/层状硅酸盐的结构及其有机改性机理,研究表明,插层剂和离子交换容量是插层的重要因素。最后,讨论了聚合物/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备方法和性能。 相似文献
13.
Polymers filled with low amounts of layered silicate dispersed at nanoscale level are most promising materials characterized by a combination of chemical, physical and mechanical properties that cannot be obtained with macro‐ or microscopic dispersions of inorganic fillers. Polymer layered silicate nanocomposites can be obtained by insertion of polymer molecules in the galleries between the layers of phyllosilicate. Here, hydrated alkaline or alkaline earth metal cations are hosted which neutralize the negative charge resulting from isomorphous substitutions of Mg or Al cations within the silicate. Insertion of polymer molecules to prepare “intercalation hybrids” can be carried out by replacing the water hydration molecules in the galleries by polymers containing polar functional groups, using the so called ion‐dipole method. A more general technique involves compatibilization of the silicate by intercalation of an organic molecule, typically an organic alkylammonium salt, that replaces the cations in the interlayer galleries to form an organically modified layered silicate (OLS). The aliphatic chain of the OLS favors the intercalation of any type of polymer. Intercalated or delaminated polymer‐silicate hybrids are obtained depending on whether the stack organization of the silicate layers is preserved or is lost, with single sheets being distributed in the polymer matrix. The methods currently used for preparing polymer layered silicate (PLS) nanocomposites are: in situ polymerization, from polymer solution, or from polymer melt. Although PLS nanocomposites have been known for a long time, it is the possibility of preparing them by melt intercalation of OLS in processing that is boosting the present interest in these materials and their properties. So far PLS nanocomposites have been characterized by X‐ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and NMR. Published results on PLS nanocomposites are reviewed concerning their characterization and properties with particular reference to fire retardant behavior. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
生物可降解聚乳酸/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生物可降解聚乳酸是一种具有广泛应用前景的环境友好型的生物高分子材料,但是其力学性能、热稳定性能不稳定.利用层状硅酸盐的特殊结构,以各种有机改性的层状硅酸盐为添加物,通过原位插层聚合、溶液插层、熔融插层和剥离.吸附等方法制备生物可降解聚乳酸/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料,其力学性能、热稳定性、生物降解性等均有显著提高,其展现出极其广阔的应用前景.本文概述了近年来生物可降解聚乳酸/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的制备、结构、性能和应用等方面的研究进展,并且对各种制备方法进行了分析比较. 相似文献
17.
聚合物—层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料制备及应用 总被引:49,自引:0,他引:49
聚合物-层状硅酸盐(PLS)纳米复合材料因其优异的性能是目前材料科学研究的热点,简要回顾PLS纳米复合材料研究发展的概况,概述PLS纳米复合材料的特点,种类,微观结构与物理力学性能,着重介绍PLS纳米复合材料的各种制备方法和原理,并从热力学角度对插层复合过程进行了分析,讨论了层状硅酸盐的表面修饰,提出了插层剂的选择原则,展望了PLS纳米复合材料的应用前景。 相似文献
18.
Organic/Inorganic hybrid nanocomposites based on poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) copolymer (SBS) and clay are fabricated by
melt intercalation. The degree of intercalation is dependent on the surface properties of clay and SBS. The epoxized block
in epoxized SBS acts as a strong attractive site with the clay surface, which yields the increased interlayer space in the
layered silicates. It is also shown that the thermal stability of clay as well as the surface properties is very important
in fabricating the polymer/clay nanocomposites. The rheological behavior of the SBS/clay nanocomposites is quite different
from that of SBS itself. Both storage moduli and complex viscosity of the SBS/layered silicate nanocomposites increase and
show non-terminal flow behavior. 相似文献
19.
20.
以长链烷基季铵盐、带有羟基或苄基的有机季铵盐为插层剂,对钠基蒙脱土进行改性后得到了有机蒙脱土。在100份(质量,下同)EPDM中加入15份有机蒙脱土或40份高耐磨炭黑制备了二者的纳米复合材料。X射线衍射和透射电镜分析表明,由带有羟基插层剂改性的钠基蒙脱土制备的纳米复合材料为剥离型,而其他2种为插层型。有机蒙脱土填充的纳米复合材料的力学性能与高耐磨炭黑填充者相当。与EPDM相比,剥离型纳米复合材料的拉伸强度提高了3.4倍,透气率降低了近40%。 相似文献