频谱小偏差校正新方法

提出一种频谱校正新方法以克服小的同步偏差对频谱分析的影响。该方法包括信号频率实时估计、采样频率同步跟踪和谐波系数误差校正几个要素。信号频率估计采用改进的相位差法,谐波系数校正采用一个向量级数公式。频率估计和同步跟踪将采样同步偏差控制在较小范围,然后采用谐波系数校正算法进一步提高谐波测量的准确度。基于MATLAB软件的仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

频谱小偏差校正新方法

提出一种频谱校正新方法以克服小的同步偏差对频谱分析的影响。该方法包括信号频率实时估计、采样频率同步跟踪和谐波系数误差校正几个要素。信号频率估计采用改进的相位差法,谐波系数校正采用一个向量级数公式。频率估计和同步跟踪将采样同步偏差控制在较小范围,然后采用谐波系数校正算法进一步提高谐波测量的准确度。基于MATLAB软件的仿真结果证实了该方法的有效性。     

电力信号同步采样算法

在运用离散傅里叶变换(DFT)做信号的谐波分析中,信号采样的同步有着重要地位。文中运用软件无线电中精细频率估计的方法估计离散电力信号的频率,在得到信号频率的基础上让信号与Farrow滤波器进行卷积运算即可实现采样速率转换。同时把Farrow滤波器系数保存成表格形式,在采样速率转换中直接查表得到系数进行运算,在保证信号采样率转换效果不降低的同时,简化了计算量。仿真分析和实践验证了这个算法的可行性和有效性,该算法可以应用于各种电力配电系统装置的前端处理中的电力信号的同步采样。     

一种高精度实时电力谐波分析算法的实现

提出了一种适于高精度实时电力谐波分析的自适应调整采样率的谐波分析方法。该方法在谐波分析的同时调整采样间隔,跟踪电网频率,大大地减少了频谱泄漏。针对该谐波分析方法本文提出了离散Hartely变换递推算法,该算法大大地减少了计算量,且算法简单易于硬件实现。     

基于采样频率自适应的高精度谐波分析软件算法

采样不同步产生的同步误差是造成频谱泄漏和影响谐波分析准确性、检测精度的重要原因。本文提出一种基于采样频率自适应技术的软件算法,通过采样数据计算得到信号较为准确的实际频率,并根据实际频率动态调整采样的时间间隔,实现采样频率的自适应,从而减少同步误差,降低频谱泄漏的影响。该软件算法实现简单,精度较高,对于频率变化较缓慢的电力信号能够明显地提高测量精度。仿真结果验证了算法的特性,给电力系统高精度谐波分析提供了一种有效的方法。     

基于改进DFT变换的高精度实时电网频率跟踪算法

采用DFT进行电力系统谐波分析时由于很难做到同步采样和整周期截断,由此造成的频谱泄漏严重影响谐波分析的效果。提出了一种适于高精度实时电力谐波分析的自适应调整采样频率的电网频率跟踪算法。该算法先采用加窗DFT得到精确的电网频率,然后采用加窗的递推DFT,动态调整采样频率,以实时跟踪电网频率。MATLAB仿真结果证实了此算法的有效性。     

一种基于改进傅立叶级数的高精度谐波分析算法

为了提高在较短采样时间长度下的谐波分析精确度,提出了一种改进傅立叶级数的谐波分析算法。该算法根据加汉宁（Hanning）窗插值的傅立叶算法获得信号的频率,基于该频率获得计算傅立叶级数时整周期的区间,使用插值获得了边界点的信号值,根据梯形插值积分公式计算谐波幅值和相位,提高了精确度。加汉宁窗插值傅立叶算法对信号频率的分析精度要远高于谐波相位的分析精确度,尤其在较短采样时间长度时,获得信号频率后截取整周期信号的积分能有效提高了加窗插值傅立叶算法在短采样时间长度下的谐波分析的精确度。同时算法原理较为简单,编程实现较为容易。编程实现了多种基于傅立叶变换的谐波分析算法,计算结果表明所提算法在较短的采样时间长度下精确度远高于其他算法,同时长采样持续时间时算法的精度也要更高一些。     

一种基于改进傅立叶级数的高精度谐波分析算法

为了提高在较短采样时间长度下的谐波分析精确度,提出了一种改进傅立叶级数的谐波分析算法.该算法根据加汉宁(Hanning)窗插值的傅立叶算法获得信号的频率,基于该频率获得计算傅立叶级数时整周期的区间,使用插值获得了边界点的信号值,根据梯形插值积分公式计算谐波幅值和相位,提高了精确度.加汉宁窗插值傅立叶算法对信号频率的分析精度要远高于谐波相位的分析精确度,尤其在较短采样时间长度时,获得信号频率后截取整周期信号的积分能有效提高了加窗插值傅立叶算法在短采样时间长度下的谐波分析的精确度.同时算法原理较为简单,编程实现较为容易.编程实现了多种基于傅立叶变换的谐波分析算法,计算结果表明所提算法在较短的采样时间长度下精确度远高于其他算法,同时长采样持续时间时算法的精度也要更高一些.     

电力系统高精度频率估计的谱泄漏对消算法

提出基于谱泄漏对消技术的电力系统频率估计方法.该法通过将两段采样起点错开1/4个额定周期的采样信号序列的加窗傅里叶变换将基波的谱泄漏相消,同时也能显著减小其它奇次谐波的谱泄漏对频率测量的影响,从而极为有效地减小因采样不同步及信号畸变而引起的测量误差.由于电力系统频率成分主要为基波分量和小部分奇次谐波,因此该法能够显著地提高频率测量的精度.该法除了估计精度高以外,还具有时滞小和计算量小(只需对采样数据求加权和)等优点,适合于实时高精度频率测量.     

自适应调整采样率的相量在线测量算法研究

各种基于定间隔采样技术的相量测量算法难以同时满足计算量小、跟踪速度快和计算精度高等要求。文中提出了一种自适应调整采样间隔的等角度采样原则（ＥＡＳＰ）,并开发了一种新的快速准确的相量在线测量算法。该算法根据信号当前频率随时调整采样率,可有效消除由于信号频率变化带来的各种误差。仿真测试表明该算法可以广泛地应用于各种相量测量或频率测量装置中。     

A practical, precise method for frequency tracking and phasor estimation

Comprehensive analysis of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) error is given in this paper, including why it is accurate when used in the case of synchronous sampling and how error rises when sampling frequency does not synchronized to signal frequency. Simple but precise expressions of phase angle error and amplitude error are given. Practical formulas to calculate the true phase angle and amplitude are presented. The formulas are very simple and precise. Based on the formula to calculate true phase angle, a new frequency tracking method is developed. The proposed method can be calculated recursively. And, with notable accuracy improvement, the calculation burden is little more than the traditional DFT method. Also, an adaptive method to suppress the effect of harmonics is presented, which adds very little calculation burden with satisfying performance. The most distinguished feature of the proposed method is that it is not only precise, but also simple. Some examples are given to demonstrate the feasibility, precision, simpleness and robustness of the proposed method.     

基于投影近似子空间跟踪算法的谐波检测方法

子空间分解类算法在理论上具有任意的高分辨率,非常适合于电力系统各类谐波的分析,但需要对高维矩阵进行特征值分解,这不仅费时而且不易于工程实现.本文将投影近似子空间跟踪算法引入电力系统谐波分析领域,详细分析评估了PASTd算法的性能.仿真结果表明,紧缩投影近似子空间跟踪算法即PASTd算法不仅保留了子空间分解类算法的超分辨率特性,而且收敛速度较快,稳定性好,可推广用于电力系统谐波检测领域.     

结合频谱校正的修正理想采样频率方法用于介损角测量

提出了结合频谱校正方法和修正理想采样频率的介损角测量方法,该方法使用加Hanning窗插值的谐波分析法获得信号基波频率的准确值,然后根据获得的频率采用线性插值的方法构造符合同步采样的序列并进行DFT,进而获得信号的介损角。仿真信号的计算结果表明,该算法精确度高、实现容易,是介损角测量的一种很有推广价值的方法。     

A genetic based algorithm for measurement of power system disturbances

This paper introduces genetic algorithms (GA) as a powerful tool for monitoring and supervising power system disturbances generated due to dynamic performance of power systems. Monitoring power system disturbances involves monitoring fundamental voltage magnitude and its frequency as well as harmonic and sub-harmonic voltage magnitudes and their frequencies under different operating conditions for power quality evaluation purposes. The proposed method is based on genetic algorithms optimization technique. The method uses digital set of measurements for the voltage or current waveforms at power system bus to perform the estimation process digitally. The algorithm is tested using different simulated data to monitor power quality. Three different study cases are considered in this work. In the first part, the estimation of voltage flicker levels and its frequency is presented and discussed. In the second part, the frequency of a bus voltage signal that is contaminated with harmonics is estimated. The harmonic contents are also estimated in this case. In the third part, the analysis of a damped sub-harmonic signal is presented. Effects of number of samples, sampling frequency and the sample window size are studied. Effects of GA parameters and operators, such as population size, crossover, mutation probabilities and niching are also studied. Results are reported and discussed.     

Frequency measurement of distorted signals using Fourier and zero crossing techniques

An approach to the design of a digital algorithm for network frequency estimation is proposed. The algorithm is derived by using the Fourier and zero crossing techniques. The Fourier method is used for digital filtering and the zero crossing technique is applied to the cosine or sine components of the original signal, which is usually corrupted by higher harmonics. The algorithm showed a very high level of robustness as well as a high measurement accuracy over a wide range of frequency changes. It can be used for frequency tracking in power networks when higher harmonics are present in the voltage or current signals. The theoretical basis and practical implementation of the technique are described. The performance of the developed algorithm has been verified by the computer simulations, and the field and laboratory tests.     

基于插值同步预处理的Hilbert无功功率测量

针对电网信号频率波动情况下,非同步采样造成频谱泄漏,引起无功功率计算误差的问题,提出一种基于数据预处理的Hilbert无功功率计算方法。即首先使用改进Rife算法实时估计电网中的频率,然后利用插值运算进行数据同步化,最后使用Hilbert变换得到准确的无功功率。在对信号频率测量基础上,对于插值算法,经仿真对比研究,Hermite插值算法达到了比较理想的数据同步化效果。继而对基于Hilbert的无功功率测量方法进行分析,并构建了电弧炉负载仿真模型,作为无功源。仿真结果表明,在电网信号频率波动以及含谐波的情况下,相对于常规的无功功率计算方法,基于插值同步预处理的Hilbert法明显提高了无功功率计算的精度。     

基于DFT的电力系统相量及功率测量新算法

随着全球定位系统(GPS)的全面民用化以及通信技术的发展，电力系统实时相量测量技术日益受到关注。传统的基于离散傅里叶变换(DFT)的频率跟踪算法对相角误差的考虑不全面，从而其频率、相角、幅值等计算结果也不够准确。文中对 DFT 在非同步采样情况下的误差产生机理进行了全面分析，给出了非同步采样情况下 DFT 相角计算结果的精确误差表达式，基于该相角误差公式，提出了一种新的基于 DFT 的电力系统相量测量算法。与传统算法相比，该算法具有精确度高、可以自适应地抑制谐波干扰、计算量不大等优点，并用算例验证了这些优点。此外，还给出了实用的利用传统 DFT 方法计算功率的误差估计公式。     

Frequency-response characteristics and error estimation in RMS measurement

Root-mean-square (rms) calculation is a popular method adopted in power system parameter classification. Typical examples are its application in voltage sag classification and relay protection. Starting from the viewpoint of frequency response, this paper seeks to study the characteristics of the rms method, for both the single-frequency and mixed-frequency signals. Analysis is made on its dependence on sampling rate, sampling window size, as well as point-on-wave through strict mathematical deductions. Interesting discoveries include the locations of the "pitfall" frequencies, the minimum sampling points for correct rms output as well as the fluctuation of rms magnitude. Estimation is made on the maximum rms output errors due to the presence of harmonics as well as frequency deviation. Reasonable approximation is adopted in such estimation. Such error estimations are useful in measurement of power system voltages, or any other parameters with relatively higher fundamental but lower harmonics levels.