共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Joaquín Quesada 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2003,105(6):281-287
Fatty acid methyl esters from low‐erucic and low‐linolenic rapeseed oil were used to produce alkenyl succinic anhydrides. A second‐order Doehlert uniform network design was used to investigate the influence of the reaction temperature and the molar ratio between the maleic anhydride and the main unsaturated rapeseed oil methyl esters on the yield of alkenyl succinic anhydride from methyl oleate. Further subjects of investigation were the conversion of methyl oleate, the formation of side reaction products, the Gardner color of the product and its viscosity, and finally the content of maleic anhydride remaining in the medium after the reaction. Alkenyl succinic anhydride from methyl oleate was isolated by column chromatography and analyzed by IR, 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR and MS. The optimal reaction conditions for obtaining the maximum yield of alkenyl succinic anhydride from methyl oleate in the experimental domain (80%) were 210‐220 °C and a maleic anhydride/rapeseed oil methyl ester molar ratio of 1.5. However, the products synthesized in these conditions showed a high degree of viscosity (0.45 kg m?1 s?1), a very dark color (18 Gardner color) and a high content of undesirable side products (6%), which could hinder their industrial use. A molar ratio of less than 1.5 led to a clearer and less viscous product, although with a lower alkenyl succinic anhydride content. 相似文献
6.
7.
酞菁铁的微波法合成及表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用微波辐照法合成酞菁铁,并用IR、UV-VIS、EDS和TG对产物进行测试和表征,证明所得产物为目标产物。考察了辐照时间、原料配比、催化剂用量对酞菁铁产率的影响,微波法合成的适宜条件为:苯酐/尿素的物料比为1∶6,辐照时间为360 s左右,催化剂含量为2%,在此条件下酞菁铁的产率可达53.6%。产率随着辐照时间的增加而增加,并逐步趋向稳定。 相似文献
8.
采用微波辐射技术,以复合磷酸(磷酸与乙酸组成)为催化剂,柏木脑和乙酸酐为原料,合成乙酸柏木酯。研究了影响酯化反应的因素,并对产品进行了分析和鉴定。通过正交试验得出最佳的反应条件为:柏木脑(柏木脑用量 5.55 g)与乙酸酐的物质的量之比1:1.5,催化剂用量 0.010 g,微波辐射功率 450 W,辐射时间 20 min。在此条件下,平均酯化产率为 74.6%。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
微波辐射合成荧光增白剂PEB 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用微波技术,采用正交实验方法,以2-羟基-1-萘甲醛和丙二酸二乙酯为原料,乙酸酐为催化剂,合成了5,6-苯并香豆素-3-甲酸乙酯(荧光增白剂PEB)。考察了四个因素(微波作用时间,微波辐射功率,原料投料比,催化剂用量)等因素对产物产率的影响。实验证明:以微波功率195W,2-羟基-1-萘甲醛(A)、丙二酸二乙酯(B)、催化剂(C)的投料摩尔比为1.5∶1∶2,加热时间30 min,产物收率可达89%。较之传统加热方法(反应时间6 h,收率80%)反应时间大大缩短,反应收率也有所提高。 相似文献
15.
微波辐射分子筛催化合成乙酰水杨酸的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种采用微波辐射技术、分子筛催化合成乙酰水杨酸的方法,探讨了不同反应条件对产物收率的影响,实验结果表明:当n(水杨酸)∶n(乙酸酐)=1∶2.0、催化剂的用量为水杨酸质量的5%、微波辐射功率为200W、辐射时间为2.5min时,乙酰水杨酸的收率可达95.1%. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
19.
Styrene (St) and maleic anhydride (MA) alternating copolymers with different molecular weights (MW) were synthesized via radical copolymerization. The copolymers were subsequently transferred into water-soluble maleic amic acid derivatives (SMAA) via the aminolysis of anhydride groups using (NH4)2CO3 as the ammonia sources. The synthesized polymers were applied as a new kind of macromolecular modifier and added into the reaction system during the synthesis of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins via the traditional alkaline–acidic–alkaline three-step process. The UF resins modified with SMAA were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). All the results confirmed the successful incorporation of SMAA chains into the crosslinking network of the UF resins. The modified UF resins were further employed as wood adhesives and the effect of synthesis parameters on their performance was investigated. Meanwhile, the influence of SMAA molecular weight (MW) on the properties of the modified UF resins was also studied. When the UF resins were synthesized with a low molar ratio of formaldehyde/urea (F/U) and a predetermined amount of SMAA added into the reaction system at the second step, plywood bonded using these modified UF resins showed much improved bonding strength (BS) and depressed formaldehyde emission. Moreover, the as-modified UF resins showed good storage characteristics. 相似文献
20.
以马来酸酐为原料,过氧化氢为氧化剂,钨酸盐为催化剂合成环氧琥珀酸,考察了反应温度、反应时间、物料配比、氧化剂及催化剂用量对环氧化反应和水解反应的影响规律,研究了提纯方法。结果表明,反应温度65℃,反应时间1.5h,催化剂用量3%(wt%),氢氧化钠与马来酸酐摩尔比2∶1,过氧化氢与马来酸酐质量比1.2∶1,环氧琥珀酸收率88%。采用间接法计算环氧琥珀酸产率,可精确计算收率。甲醇重结晶法可以提纯环氧琥珀酸,所得产率与间接法计算结果基本一致。经红外光谱仪分析确定产物为环氧琥珀酸。 相似文献