近红外光谱技术在鉴别食品真伪和产地属性的应用研究进展

阐述近红外光谱分析技术的理论基础、基本方法、技术特点,归纳总结用于近红外光谱分析的化学计量学方法,列举近红外光谱在食品分析中的定量分析项目和定性分析信息。重点分析近红外光谱技术在食品真伪及产地属性的应用研究。最后概述近红外光谱技术在其他领域中的应用,并展望近红外光谱技术广阔的应用前景。资料表明,近红外光谱以其速度快、不破坏样品、操作简单、稳定性好、效率高等特点,已广泛应用于各个领域。     

近红外光谱技术在食品成分及质量控制方面的研究应用进展

本文简要介绍了近红外光谱技术快速检测的基本原理,综述了国内外近红外光谱快速检测技术在食品成分及质量控制方面的研究应用进展,并展望了今后该领域的研究和应用前景。     

近红外光谱技术在食品成分及质量控制方面的研究应用进展

本文简要介绍了近红外光谱技术快速检测的基本原理,综述了国内外近红外光谱快速检测技术在食品成分及质量控制方面的研究应用进展,并展望了今后该领域的研究和应用前景.     

近红外光谱分析仪校准方法的研究

近红外光谱分析仪,是近年来比较常见的一种仪器,被广泛的应用到许多行业领域。本文分别从近红外光谱分析仪发展态势以及近红外光谱分析仪校准等诸多方面进行探讨,通过构建专业化的校准方式,满足近红外光谱分析仪的校准要求,为今后国家检定规程或标准规范的出台奠定技术基础。     

近红外光谱技术在木材化学属性方面应用的分析

因具有快速、无损、样品易于准备、适合于实际生产的在线检测等优点,近红外光谱技术在木材研究领域的应用越来越广泛。本论文阐述近红外光谱技术在木材木质素、纤维索、抽提物等化学属性预测、以及开展基于NIR技术的木质符合材料的原料属性的预测与分类研究具有重要的实际意义。     

近红外光谱在药物领域的应用与研究进展

综述了近红外光谱技术在药物组分分析、药物物理表征和制药过程在线控制等方面的应用研究进 展.讨论了近红外光谱技术在我国制药工业中应用的前景.     

高效近红外光谱分析技术在药物分析中的应用

高效近红外光谱分析技术对快速分析或实时检测是非常理想的技术手段,是大型石油化工,农业,制药,食品加工等工业生产所必须依靠的重要分析技术之一。本文重点阐述了高效近红外光谱技术在药物分析中的应用,并且简单介绍了该技术的特点和各种分析方法的原理。     

近红外光谱技术检测烟叶中的氨基酸

研究应用傅里叶变换近红外光谱法快速测定烟叶中氨基酸含量的可行性,使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)为建模方法,选择3800~8000 cm-1谱段,采用二阶导数和Norris Derivative滤波法进行光谱预处理,建立了烟叶中氨基酸含量的近红外预测模型。采用留一(leave-one-out)交叉验证法进行建模,并以校正集样品的交叉验证相关系数(R)和均方差(RMSECV)为指标优化光谱预处理方法和模型参数,确定最佳预测模型。将近红外光谱技术与常规标准检测方法相比较,结果表明,近红外光谱技术可以较为准确的测定烟叶中氨基酸的含量。     

高光谱成像技术在纸质档案数字图像去污方面的应用

针对纸质档案数字化过程中面临的污迹、霉斑以及涂画笔迹等问题,采用可见光-近红外波段高光谱成像技术对若干纸质样本在550nm^900nm可见光近红外波段进行了成像实验,获取了样本的可见光-近红外光谱图像数据。研究结果表明,高光谱成像技术可在数字化过程中有效去除样本图像中的霉斑和涂画笔迹,降低数字图像去除污迹的难度,提高纸质档案数字化中的图像质量。     

界面聚合法制备耐热型山梨醇水溶液微胶囊

为获得具有植物叶片近红外精细反射光谱特征的伪装材料,采用界面聚合法制备山梨醇水溶液微胶囊。选择聚脲为壁材,设计了两步升温的包覆工艺,通过反应温度的优化得到了水分含量达50%以上的山梨醇水溶液微胶囊。扫描电子显微镜下观察到微胶囊呈表面较为光滑的球形;紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计结果表明,微胶囊的反射光谱在1450 nm和1930 nm处呈现与绿色植被相似的水分吸收谷。微胶囊具有优良的水分保持能力,在25℃、相对湿度50%环境中放置96 h后水分含量变化率不超过3%;热重分析和差示扫描量热结果表明,微胶囊水分的流失起始温度超过200℃。该微胶囊轻质、水分含量高、耐热性强,制备工艺简单,与植物叶片近红外反射光谱匹配度高,在对抗高光谱探测技术领域具有良好应用前景。     

The use of near-infrared spectroscopy in understanding skeletal muscle physiology: recent developments

This article provides a snapshot of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) at the end of 2010 summarizing the recent literature, offering the present status and perspectives of the NIRS instrumentation and methods, describing the main NIRS studies on skeletal muscle physiology, posing open questions and outlining future directions. So far, different NIRS techniques (e.g. continuous-wave (CW) and spatially, time- and frequency-resolved spectroscopy) have been used for measuring muscle oxygenation during exercise. In the last four years, approximately 160 muscle NIRS articles have been published on different physiological aspects (primarily muscle oxygenation and haemodynamics) of several upper- and lower-limb muscle groups investigated by using mainly two-channel CW and spatially resolved spectroscopy commercial instruments. Unfortunately, in only 15 of these studies were the advantages of using multi-channel instruments exploited. There are still several open questions in the application of NIRS in muscle studies: (i)?whether NIRS can be used in subjects with a large fat layer; (ii) the contribution of myoglobin desaturation to the NIRS signal during exercise; (iii) the effect of scattering changes during exercise; and (iv) the effect of changes in skin perfusion, particularly during prolonged exercise. Recommendations for instrumentation advancements and future muscle NIRS studies are provided.     

Towards the next generation of near-infrared spectroscopy

Although near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was originally designed for clinical monitoring of tissue oxygenation, it has also been developing into a useful tool for neuroimaging studies (functional NIRS). Over the past 30 years, technology has developed and NIRS has found a wide range of applications. However, the accuracy and reliability of NIRS have not yet been widely accepted, mainly because of the difficulties in selective and quantitative detection of signals arising in cerebral tissue, which subject the use of NIRS to a number of practical restrictions. This review summarizes the strengths and advantages of NIRS over other neuroimaging modalities and demonstrates specific examples. The issues of selective quantitative measurement of cerebral haemoglobin during brain activation are also discussed, together with the problems of applying the methods of functional magnetic resonance imaging data analysis to NIRS data analysis. Finally, near-infrared optical tomography--the next generation of NIRS--is described as a potential technique to overcome the limitations of NIRS.     

The use of muscle near-infrared spectroscopy in sport, health and medical sciences: recent developments

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been shown to be one of the tools that can measure oxygenation in muscle and other tissues in vivo. This review paper highlights the progress, specifically in this decade, that has been made for evaluating skeletal muscle oxygenation and oxidative energy metabolism in sport, health and clinical sciences. Development of NIRS technologies has focused on improving quantification of the signal using multiple wavelengths to solve for absorption and scattering coefficients, multiple pathlengths to correct for the influence of superficial skin and fat, and time-resolved and phase-modulated light sources to determine optical pathlengths. In addition, advances in optical imaging with multiple source and detector pairs as well as portability using small wireless detectors have expanded the usefulness of the devices. NIRS measurements have provided information on oxidative metabolism in various athletes during localized exercise and whole-body exercise, as well as training-induced adaptations. Furthermore, NIRS technology has been used in the study of a number of chronic health conditions. Future developments of NIRS technology will include enhancing signal quantification. In addition, advances in NIRS imaging and portability promise to transform how measurements of oxygen utilization are obtained in the future.     

采用近红外光谱法测定鱼粉的品质

本文比较了用近红外漫反射光谱(NIRS)定量测定和用传统化学方法测定鱼粉中的蛋白质、脂肪和水分含量,结果发现,用近红外漫反射光谱(NIRS)定量测定鱼粉的品质有良好的效果,完全可以替代传统的化学方法。该方法快速、准确且无药品试剂污染,其重现性优于传统化学法。     

Pharmaceutical Uses of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used extensively in the food and agricultural industries for the past twenty years. Recent technological advances have made NIRS an attractive analytical method for use in the pharmaceutical industry. NIRS has been shown to be useful as a qualitative and a quantitative method. A review of pharmaceutical applications of NIRS as well as quality control and regulatory issues is presented.     

Pharmaceutical Uses of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Abstract

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been used extensively in the food and agricultural industries for the past twenty years. Recent technological advances have made NIRS an attractive analytical method for use in the pharmaceutical industry. NIRS has been shown to be useful as a qualitative and a quantitative method. A review of pharmaceutical applications of NIRS as well as quality control and regulatory issues is presented.     

In-line reaction monitoring of a methyl methacrylate and N, N-dimethylacrylamide copolymerization reaction using near-infrared spectroscopy

Fast and accurate monitoring of monomer concentration during copolymerization reactions is of much interest. It is known that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can be used to monitor polymerization reactions. Here, a free radical solution copolymerization reaction between methyl methacrylate and N,N-dimethylacrylamide is considered. NIR spectra were measured in-line with a transflectance probe. The spectra of both involved monomers are very similar, making monitoring with NIRS challenging. It is shown that the NIRS calibration can be set up with only a few (5) off-line measured mixtures. Several validation methods for such a NIRS calibration model are discussed and tested. NIRS is used to follow conversion of the two monomers in a copolymerization reaction on-line.     

Nutritive evaluation of olive tree leaves by near-infrared spectroscopy: effect of soil contamination and correction with spectral pretreatments

Olive leaves obtained as a byproduct in the Mediterranean region could play an important role in the nutrition of extensive ruminant systems. However, the reported variation in their nutritive value, among other reasons due to discrepancies in mineral content, is considered an important obstacle for their common use. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) could fulfill the requirements of these productive systems, providing analytical information in a rapid and economic way. In this work, the effect of soil contamination on NIR spectra has been studied, as well as its correction with some of the most commonly used spectral pretreatments (derivatives, multiplicative scatter correction, auto scaling, detrending, and a combination of the last two transforms). Effects were evaluated by visual inspection of the transformed spectra and comparison of the calibration statistics obtained to estimate acid insoluble ash and total ash contents and in vitro pepsin cellulase digestibility of organic and dry matter. The incidence of spectral curvature effects caused by soil contamination that can be conveniently corrected with pretreatments such as derivatives was confirmed.     

Implicit and explicit prior information in near-infrared spectral imaging: accuracy, quantification and diagnostic value

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of tissue provides quantification of absorbers, scattering and luminescent agents in bulk tissue through the use of measurement data and assumptions. Prior knowledge can be critical about things such as (i) the tissue shape and/or structure, (ii) spectral constituents, (iii) limits on parameters, (iv) demographic or biomarker data, and (v) biophysical models of the temporal signal shapes. A general framework of NIRS imaging with prior information is presented, showing that prior information datasets could be incorporated at any step in the NIRS process, with the general workflow being: (i) data acquisition, (ii) pre-processing, (iii) forward model, (iv)?inversion/reconstruction, (v) post-processing, and (vi) interpretation/diagnosis. Most of the development in NIRS has used ad hoc or empirical implementations of prior information such as pre-measured absorber or fluorophore spectra, or tissue shapes as estimated by additional imaging tools. A comprehensive analysis would examine what prior information maximizes the accuracy in recovery and value for medical diagnosis, when implemented at separate stages of the NIRS sequence. Individual applications of prior information can show increases in accuracy or improved ability to estimate biochemical features of tissue, while other approaches may not. Most beneficial inclusion of prior information has been in the inversion/reconstruction process, because it solves the mathematical intractability. However, it is not clear that this is always the most beneficial stage.