一种高效铣削弹性夹具设计与应用

为了加工一种具有特殊结构的汽车用高度调整销,解决加工时零件对称平面的对称性与平行性问题,设计了一种可一次装夹多件零件的弹性夹具。通过对夹具的结构设计与夹紧力分析,充分保证了夹具装夹的可靠性与高效性。实践证明,该夹具的使用提高了零件的加工效率,同时降低了零件的废品率。     

偏心轴精密磨削夹具

本文介绍一种精密偏心轴类零件的定位装夹方式及所用偏心磨削夹具。     

一种用于薄壁框架类零件铣削加工的夹具设计

设计一种薄壁框架类零件的铣削加工夹具,利用真空吸附原理对零件进行夹持,并采用成组可换活块的方案使夹具可以适应多种型腔的薄壁框架零件的夹持加工。通过带有通气孔的可换活块解决了不同对称型腔零件加工的问题,利用凸轮锁紧杆对零件快速定位、装夹和卸载,整个装夹过程没有对零件造成较大的装夹变形。实践证明:此夹具很好地解决了薄壁框架类零件在铣削加工过程中由于夹持造成的变形问题,同时也提高了零件的加工精度和铣削效率。     

基于PMC的连杆零件数控机床自动夹具设计与实现

为减小多次定位装夹引起的定位误差对零件加工精度影响,通过对连杆零件加工工艺分析,提出以零件不需加工的设计基准面为定位基准,以数控机床自身气源为动力、PMC为控制装置的工序集中式自动夹具设计理念。经设计夹具结构、气动系统和控制系统等,完成了基于PMC的连杆零件数控机床自动夹具制作。该夹具结构简单、定位准确、夹紧可靠、稳定性好。实验证明:利用该夹具加工连杆零件,连杆零件加工表面相互位置精度得到了一定程度的提高。     

一种模块化线切割加工用夹具设计与研究

分析了线切割机床普通压板夹具在装夹过程中存在的不足之处,提出了一种模块化线切割加工用夹具的设计方案。通过选用不同规格及数量的压板来满足不同零件的装夹要求,实现了零件的快速装夹和定位,在提高装夹效率的同时扩大了夹具的使用范围。     

通用薄壁类零件柔性夹具设计

薄壁类零件装夹及加工变形是夹具设计中需要重点考虑的问题。根据薄壁类零件的装夹特点,设计一种通用薄壁类零件柔性夹具,该夹具利用独特的径向支撑机构及对间隔环的灵活应用,可以实现对内径不同、长度各异的各种薄壁类零件的柔性装夹,有效克服薄壁零件在切削加工过程中的加工变形及装夹变形,从而保证零件加工质量的稳定性和生产效率的提高,且具有夹紧可靠、零件拆装方便、使用寿命长等特点。     

筒形钣金件铣削加工夹具设计

针对筒体钣金类零件,在铣削加工中出现的定位误差大、装夹不稳定易变形等问题。专门设计了一种内涨式定位夹紧夹具,以此来解决零件制作公差较大而引起的定位夹紧问题。通过实际加工改进,最终设计出通用性强的筒形钣金件机械加工夹具,为同类型零件加工夹具的设计提供了探索。     

机械手臂支撑架加工工艺分析及专用夹具设计北大核心

为解决机械手臂支撑架零件外形不规则,在铣削加工中难以采用通用夹具进行定位装夹,零件的加工精度也较难保证的问题,设计了零件的专用夹具、制定了新的加工工艺,使加工效率提升了27%,合格率从68%提高到98%,满足了零件的生产需要。实践验证表明,通过设计专用夹具和优化加工工艺可以有效提高支撑架零件的合格率和生产效率,该方法对其它形状不规则零件的加工也具有一定的指导意义。     

多孔腔零件冲洗夹具装夹方案的研究

文章依据夹具夹紧定位原理,分析冲洗夹具的定位装夹结构实现快速装夹与通用性的局限性。通过比较夹具夹紧机械结构,提出了能够实现快速装夹的夹紧结构。以夹紧定位可靠性原则为目标,建立夹紧点优化数学模型,利用线性加权法对夹紧点优化模型进行求解,确立了装夹结构的改进方案。通过零件稳定性数学模型验证夹具改进后零件的稳定性。结果表明,该装夹方案满足零件的稳定性,改善了装夹速率。     

薄壁衬套加工夹具设计

对某薄壁衬套进行加工工艺分析,需要为加工油槽和铣两个10°的斜面设计一套专用夹具。根据零件精度要求和工序设计了一套底座为斜面的加工中心专用夹具,该夹具具有快速装夹、定位等功能,提高了生产效率,降低了加工成本。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.