高储能密度PI基纳米复合材料研究进展

综述了采用溶液共混法、原位聚合等方法将纯聚酰亚胺(PI)与各类功能性填料进行掺杂。分别概述了陶瓷、纳米碳材料等填料填充制备的PI基介电纳米复合材料,极大地提升了复合材料的介电储能性。对近年来国内外PI基复合材料体系、制备方法及其介电性能的研究进行了系统的综述,对其研究和应用趋势进行了展望。     

含杂环结构的耐高温聚酰亚胺薄膜

聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜具有高耐热,高力学性能,低热膨胀系数等优异的综合性能,广泛应用于光伏、微电子、航天航空等领域。探索制备具有更高热稳定性的PI具有重大的应用价值,但是也存在极大挑战。本文介绍了PI的分子设计和合成,综述了耐高温PI薄膜的制备方法以及纳米复合材料改性PI薄膜热稳定性的制备,阐述了近年来PI薄膜在柔性光电器件方面的应用。最后,展望了耐高温PI薄膜未来的发展趋势及需要解决的关键问题。     

黑色聚酰亚胺的研究进展

黑色聚酰亚胺(PI)由于具有低透光度、优异的耐热性和尺寸稳定性等性能,而被广泛用于对遮光性有特殊要求的光学、微电子及航空航天领域,近年来吸引了越来越多研究人员的重视.介绍了近年来黑色PI制备的不同方法,针对目前主流的添加型黑色PI的研究现状进行了分析,并对黑色PI未来发展趋势做出了展望.     

耐高温聚酰亚胺类胶粘剂的国内外研究进展

综述了近几年耐高温聚酰亚胺（PI）胶粘剂的研究和应用进展,总结了PI胶粘剂的结构特点、分类、改性及其功能性的发展状况。重点介绍了将挠性基导入到PI主链、体系中加入单体共聚等PI胶粘剂的结构改性以及环氧树脂、聚氨酯、碳纳米管、环氧树脂改性PI等有机/无机改性PI胶粘剂的研究进展。最后对高性能PI胶粘剂在工业上的应用前景作了展望。     

芳香性聚酰亚胺的阻燃改性研究进展

综述了芳香性聚酰亚胺(PI)在共混、共缩聚以及结构改性方面的研究进展,其中共聚改性按引入基团的不同又分为聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)、聚酯酰亚胺共聚物、引入含氮杂环等,结构改性包括在主链中引入杂元素、功能性侧基的引入、引入扭曲或非共平面结构,并提出PI在阻燃领域的发展方向。     

功能性超疏水表面的构建及其应用进展

由于具有独特的液体润湿性,超疏水表面在工业生产和日常生活中具有广阔的应用前景,但其单一的超疏水性却难以满足在严苛环境和新兴领域中的使用需求。近年来,将表面超疏水性与自修复性、透明性、导电性等至少一种功能相结合的功能性超疏水表面已成为该领域的研究热点,对于延长其使用寿命并拓宽其在柔性电子、快速融冰融雪等新兴领域中的应用具有重要意义。本文简单介绍了超疏水表面的基本原理,然后综述了近年来功能性超疏水表面的研究进展,具体介绍了可修复、可拉伸、透明、磁性、导电及非对称浸润性的功能性超疏水表面的构建和应用,最后总结了目前该领域存在的一些问题,主要包括功能性有待于改善、制备工艺复杂、成本高、污染环境、耐久性较差等,并指出利用简单环保的方法开发出能够长期使用的功能性超疏水表面将会是该领域未来的主要发展方向,同时要注重推动其实际生产及应用。     

功能性钌配合物的研究进展

近年来,功能性钌配合物的研究受到了研究者的广泛关注,逐渐发展成为配位化学和材料科学交汇的一个前沿领域。简要介绍了钌元素的发现及其配合物在光电、磁学、抗肿瘤生物活性等领域的应用。     

环氧树脂固化技术及其固化剂研究进展

综述了近年来国内外关于环氧树脂的热固化、微波固化及光固化技术的研究情况。在热固化技术领域 ,着重介绍了具有高耐热性、阻燃性、韧性等性能的几种功能性固化剂以及几种新型改性胺类固化剂 ;通过与热固化的对比 ,对环氧树脂的微波固化体系进行了初步的分析与探讨 ;在光固化技术领域则主要概述了环氧树脂的阳离子紫外光固化体系与自由基 -阴离子混杂光固化体系的进展情况     

基于杂环结构的耐高温聚酰亚胺材料研究进展

聚酰亚胺(PI)作为一种应用广泛的高性能高分子材料，具有独特的结构特征以及优异的综合性能。功能化的PI薄膜可以用于气体分离膜、柔性光电器件基底等多个领域，随着科技的快速发展，对于PI薄膜的各项性能要求越来越高。热性能在许多工艺中起着十分重要的作用，含杂环结构的PI具有很强的刚性，使其具有出众的耐高温性能，但同时也存在着难以溶解等方面的问题。本文综述了近年来含杂环结构的PI在耐高温方面的研究进展，重点介绍了含有嘧啶、吡啶、苯并咪唑等杂环结构的新型单体以及相应的PI的合成，对其热性能、力学性能等表征进行了相关的概述，指出杂环的特殊结构带来的优势以及目前迫切需要改进的地方，并对含杂环结构的耐高温PI的应用发展前景进行了展望。     

聚吡咯/无机粒子纳米复合材料的研究进展

综述了聚吡咯（PPy）与无机磁性粒子、金属氧化物、碳系无机物（炭黑、碳纳米管、纳米石墨微片）等无机粒子组成的功能性纳米复合材料的制备方法及其力学、光学、电学、磁学等性能,并介绍了近年来各类纳米PPy/无机粒子功能性复合材料在电磁屏蔽、隐身材料、抗静电材料、导电高分子电容器、二次电池以及传感器等领域的研究现状及发展趋势。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。