基于1,8-萘酰亚胺检测细胞内肼的荧光探针

以对氨基酚和3-溴肉桂酸为原料,以4-溴-1,8-萘酰亚胺为荧光母体设计合成了一例用于检测细胞内肼的荧光探针NH1。该探针能够对肼产生特异性响应。利用1H NMR、MS对NH1进行了结构确证。在体外测试中,探针NH1最大发射波长处（λem=535 nm）的荧光强度随着肼含量的增加而逐渐增强,并且具有良好的线性关系（R2=0.99）,检测限为0.23 μmol/L。该探针有着良好的选择性和抗干扰能力,在广泛pH范围内（4.5~10.5）均能够特异性检测肼。该探针能够染色到细胞内对细胞内的肼进行检测。     

基于1,8-萘酰亚胺检测细胞内肼的荧光探针

以对氨基酚和3-溴肉桂酸为原料,以4-溴-1,8-萘酰亚胺为荧光母体设计合成了一例用于检测细胞内肼的荧光探针NH1。该探针能够对肼产生特异性响应。利用1HNMR、MS对NH1进行了结构确证。在体外测试中,探针NH1最大发射波长处(λ_(em)=535 nm)的荧光强度随着肼含量的增加而逐渐增强,并且具有良好的线性关系(R2=0.99),检测限为0.23μmol/L。该探针有着良好的选择性和抗干扰能力,在广泛pH范围内(4.5～10.5)均能够特异性检测肼。该探针能够染色到细胞内对细胞内的肼进行检测。     

一种酰腙类荧光探针的合成及其对Al3+的识别性能研究

以1,2,4,5-四溴甲基苯和2,4-二羟基苯甲醛为反应原料,通过两步合成反应得到一种新型的酰腙类荧光探针。化合物在V(DMSO)∶V(水)=19∶1的溶剂中对Al~(3+)具有较好的选择性,在446 nm波长处有明显的荧光增强作用。通过Job法、核磁滴定、质谱分析表明,探针与Al~(3+)的配合比为1∶2,由光谱滴定实验可知,探针对Al~(3+)的最低检出限为1. 16×10~(-7)mol/L,配合常数为2. 28×10~3L/mol。此外,实际应用研究表明,荧光探针可以用于自来水和河水中一定浓度范围内Al~(3+)的检测。     

基于苯甲酰肼衍生物的Al~(3+)荧光探针的合成与表征

设计合成一种苯甲酰肼衍生物P,并将其成功表征为Al~(3+)荧光探针。在乙醇相中,相对于其他常见金属离子,探针对Al~(3+)具有较好的选择性,线性检出范围为2.0×10~(-6)~8.0×10~(-6)mol/L,检出限为6.7×10~(-7)mol/L。Job'-plot实验表明,探针与Al~(3+)以1∶2模式配合。     

用于溶酶体定位的比率型次氯酸根探针的构建及应用研究

以常见荧光团罗丹明和萘酰亚胺设计并合成了一例用于比率型识别次氯酸根的荧光探针。结果表明,探针能够对次氯酸根实现高效专一的比率型选择,能够克服其他分析物的干扰。溶液体系荧光发射强度比率值(F_(590 nm)/F_(542 nm))在次氯酸钠浓度为0～1μmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性,其对次氯酸根的最低检出限为1.3×10~(-8) mol/L。探针可以定位于亚细胞器溶酶体中识别次氯酸根,并且能够应用于自来水等实际样品中检测次氯酸根。     

用于半胱氨酸检测的比率荧光探针的合成与应用

合成了一个衍生于吡咯并吡咯二酮的用于半胱氨酸(Cys)检测的比率荧光探针,用核磁共振谱和质谱鉴定了其结构。探针与Cys作用后荧光发射最大波长由576 nm蓝移至536 nm,荧光颜色由黄色变为绿色,可裸眼直观识别。并且该探针可以专一性地识别Cys而不受其他氨基酸的影响。当Cys溶液浓度在0~300μmol/L内变化时,该探针荧光变化F536/F576符合线性关系(R=0.997),可以实现其定量检测。     

基于2-喹啉类的铝离子荧光探针的合成及性能研究

采用2-喹啉乙酸乙酯和3,5-二叔丁基水杨醛合成了一种新的铝离子希夫碱荧光探针(QSH)。该荧光探针QSH对铝离子具有高的灵敏性和高选择性,并在铝离子浓度为0~1.0μmol/L范围内可实现对铝离子的检测,其检测限为0.01μmol/L。     

不对称双缩二氨基硫脲荧光探针的合成及其对金属离子的识别性能研究

以1,3-二氨基硫脲、苯甲醛与噻唑-5-甲醛为原料,合成了一种新型不对称双席夫碱结构荧光探针N'-亚苄基-2-(噻唑-5-基亚甲基)肼基-1-硫代碳酰肼(L),并通过NMR、IR、ESI-MS和元素分析对其结构进行表征。在缓冲溶液(pH=7.0)中,探针L可以高选择性地荧光识别Zn~(2+),检测限为3.5×10~(-7)mol/L,pH适用范围为5～10。当Zn~(2+)与探针L配位时,生成1∶2型配合物(L-Zn~(2+)),在365 nm紫外灯照射下,由无色变成亮绿色强荧光,具有潜在的应用价值。     

新荧光试剂双[3-(3,5-二溴吡啶)重氮氨基]-联苯的合成及其分析应用

合成了新荧光试剂双[3-(3,5-二溴吡啶)重氮氨基]-联苯(BBPDDP)。其结构经元素分析、红外光谱证实。研究表明,在碱性介质中,该试剂在λex/λem=248 nm/304 nm处产生荧光,且能与Fe3+配合并使BBPDDP的荧光猝灭。据此建立了BBPDDP对Fe3+的新荧光分析法。该方法的线性范围为4.5×10-9~9.0×10-7 mol/L,检测限为8.4×10-9 mol/L。将其应用于香蕉中Fe3+的测定,结果满意。     

金纳米团簇/碳量子点比率型荧光探针在Pb~(2+)检测中的应用

合成了金纳米团簇(GSH-Au NCs)和碳量子点(CDs) 2种荧光纳米材料,分别对其进行光学、形貌表征。进一步构建金纳米团簇/碳量子点比率型荧光探针,根据Pb2+对CDs/Au NCs荧光探针的高选择性荧光增强作用,将CDs作为参比探针,GSH-AuNCs作为响应探针,利用GSH-AuNCs(580 nm)与CDs(450 nm)的荧光强度比值(F=F_(580)/F_(450))的变化情况来高灵敏度的检测Pb~(2+)含量。在浓度为20～700 nmol/L围内,CDs/Au NCs荧光探针检测Pb~(2+)的线性方程为F_(580)/F_(450)=0.008 97[Pb(Ⅱ)]+2.727 7(R~2=0.994 6),LOD=3.9 nmol/L,并对该比率型荧光探针的构建和检测机制进行了探究。最后将该探针应用于实际水样中Pb~(2+)的检测,加标回收率在90.7%～117.1%,说明该探针具有潜在的应用价值。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.