微量Ce对细化A356合金初生相的作用

利用低过热度浇注技术制备了半固态A356-Ce合金浆料,研究了稀土Ce对半固态A356合金的初生相形貌和尺寸的影响.研究结果表明:含有适量稀土Ce的A356铝合金经低过热度浇注可制备具有颗粒状和蔷薇状初生相的半固态浆料,合金熔体等温温度会影响Ce细化半固态A356合金中初生相的效果.Ce对半固态A356铝合金的初生相细化机理与稀土在铝合金中诱发的共晶反应有关.      

La和Y对细化后A356铝合金显微组织的影响

利用金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜等设备研究了稀土金属La和Y对经AlTiB和AlSr细化后的A356铝合金α-Al枝晶和共晶Si相显微组织的影响及作用机理。研究表明,金属La和Y加入A356铝合金后以AlSiLa或AlSiY的形式存在于α-Al相晶界中。La和Y不仅对A356铝合金共晶硅相具有明显的变质效果,而且对α-Al晶粒有细化作用。其中Y变质共晶硅和细化α-Al晶粒的效果均优于La。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy with yttrium addition processed by hot extrusion

The effects of the rare earth element yttrium(Y) and hot extrusion on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 alloy were investigated by mechanical properties testing and microstructure observation. The results indicate that the addition of Y improves the microstructure of the as-cast alloy. The distribution of primary α-Al is uniform and orderly. The long needle-like eutectic Si phases and β-Fe phases turn to strips and short rods. When the content of Y increases to 0.2 wt%, the mean diameter of aAl(40.3 μm) and the aspect ratio of the eutectic Si phase(2.3) reach the minimum values, which are68.9% and 86.1% lower, respectively, than that of the alloy without Y addition. Under extrusion stress, the shape of the eutectic Si phase is changed from long rod-like to near grain-like after solution treatment.The size of the eutectic Si phase is significantly reduced. The needle-like β-Fe phases are squeezed and broken. The mechanical properties of the as-extruded alloy are significantly improved compared to the as-cast alloy. When the rare earth content is 0.2 wt%, the ultimate tensile strength, hardness and elongation of the alloy reach the maximum values, which are 328.2 MPa, 110.4 HV and 21.3%, respectively, and increase by 42.01%, 37.71% and 481.91%, respectively, in comparison to the as-cast alloy without Y addition.     

不同稀土掺杂聚苯乙烯力学性能研究

选择了几种功能不同的Pr，Eu，Gd，Th，Dy，Ho和Er的三异丙氧基化合物与苯乙烯本体聚合获得稀土掺杂聚苯乙烯，采用ESEM，DMTA，冲击强度测试研究了不同稀土对聚合物力学性能的影响，结果表明不同稀土引入聚苯乙烯中均能使韧性得以提高，它们的力学性能与稀土的原子序数、原子半径大小有关。     

A356铸造铝合金轮毂组织与性能分析

分析了 A356合金和经T6热处理的A356-T6合金的组织与性能,结果表明,A356-T6合金的整体抗拉强度几乎不受固溶时间的影响,且其屈服强度和抗拉强度显著提高,但随着固溶时间的增加,其伸长率逐渐降低.随着热处理时效从4增加至48 h,A356-T6合金的屈服强度增加了约183.25％,抗拉强度增加了约71％.通过...     

电磁搅拌方式对A356铝合金凝固组织形貌分形维数的影响

利用分形几何中的分形维数定量表征了铝熔体经低过热度浇注和电磁搅拌作用下半固态合金浆料中初生相的尺寸细化和球化程度.通过OM、Matlab软件平台编制计盒维数法计算程序,研究半固态初生相α-Al形貌的分形特征和电磁搅拌方式对其形貌分形维数变化规律的影响.结果表明,合金的凝固组织具有分形特征,可通过分形维数对初生相尺寸细化和球化程度进行定量表征.初生相的形貌分形维数随搅拌方式由无搅拌、单向连续搅拌过渡到双向连续搅拌时,呈逐渐减小的变化规律,是一个降维的过程.在双向连续搅拌作用下初生相的分形维数最小,晶粒细化球化程度达到最佳     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy with Nd and Y additions

The effects of combined addition of 0.6 wt.% Nd and 0.4 wt.% Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-7Zn-3Al alloy were investigated.The results indicated that the Nd and Y addition led to obvious dendrite coarsening.However,it could modify the morphology and distribution of-Mg 32(Al,Zn) 49 intermetallics.Moreover,Al 2 REZn 2 phase could be introduced into the alloy with the Nd and Y addition.With the effective second-phase strengthening,the ultimate tensile strength and elongation in as-cast state can be improved by the Nd and Y addition.After ageing treatment,the alloy with the Nd and Y addition exhibited better precipitation strengthening effects by forming finer MgZn 2 and Mg 32(Al,Zn) 49 precipitates into the-Mg matrix.As a result,the yield and ultimate strength of Mg-7Zn3Al-0.6Nd-0.4Y alloy could be increased to 182 and 300 MPa by peak-ageing treatment.     

Study on microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL107 alloy added with yttrium

The effects of Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ZL107 alloy were investigated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Brinell hardometer, and MTS 810-22M tensile testing machine in this paper. The results showed that after Y was added to ZL107 alloy, the size of α-Al dendritie reduced, the acicular eutectic Si became short rod-shaped or granular, and the number and size of the blowholes obviously reduced. The mechanical properties of ZL107 alloy firstly increased and then decreased with Y content increasing. When Y content was 0.1 wt.%, the tensile strength and hardness of the alloy were maximum.     

Investigation on the modification behavior of A356 alloy inoculated with a Sr-Y composite modifier

In the present paper, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine the effects of a Sr-Y composite modifier on the microstructure of A356 alloy. After adding Y to A356, YAl 3 compounds formed, and the size of the α (Al) crystal nucleus increased. The degree of supercooling caused by Sr-Y composite modifier was higher than Sr modification by 2.7 °C, leading to an increased nucleation rate. This increase in supercooling temperature was favorable to the refinement of eutectic structure of the alloy and its eutectic reaction was delayed to the maximum extent. The Si phase in the as-cast Sr-Y composite-modified A356 alloy was either granular or flaky. No large flakes of eutectic Si were found, and the modification effects were completely comparable with those obtained using a lone Sr modifier. After T6 heat treatment, most of the eutectic Si showed a grain-like shape with smaller grains. No eutectic Si with long-strip shapes, significant enhancements in the particle roundness and evenness of the Si crystals, and increased globosity were observed. Both the roundness and evenness of the grained Si crystals were enhanced, and the amount of globular eutectic Si available increased, these findings showed that excellent modification effects were achieved.     

Effects of Nd on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al alloy

Effects of Nd on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al alloy were investigated by OM,X-ray diffraction(XRD),EPMA,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The results showed that the dendrites sizes of α phase were decreased by the Nd addition.When the amount of addition Nd was 1.6 wt.%,the alloy with the smallest α phase was obtained.The refining mechanism mainly owed to the increasing constitutional supercooling at the solidification front.Furthermore,the compound Al 2 Nd generated by the reaction of Al and Nd,which distributed at the phase boundary and inside β phase,could also restrain the growth of α phase.Nd could improve the tensile strength and elongation of Mg-8Li-3Al alloy,however,excessive Al 2 Nd might also become crack source and decrease the elongation.     

Fabrication and properties of La modified AZO powders via a gaseous penetration processing

A new kind of AZO powders were synthesized by co-precipitation method with the doping content of Al was 3.0 wt%. Further modification of La to the powders was done via a gaseous penetration processing. Changes in constitution,structure,and electrical conductivity caused by doping and penetration were characterized. The doping of Al lowered the resistivity of AZO powders from over 1×1014(ZnO made domestically) to 4.24×107 Ω·cm. But more effective modification via gaseous penetration processing decreased the resistivity of La penetrated AZO powders to the lowest point of 2.45×105 Ω·cm. The optimal penetration conditions coordinated by orthogonal test were that La3+ content of the penetration solvent was 2.0 wt.%,and that the penetration processing lasted for 5 h at the temperature of 480 oC. XRD analysis demonstrated that the doping process of Al only leaded to the changes of the peak width and intensity without new phases appearing. Yet,new phases appeared after the processing of gaseous penetration of La,which indicated that La enter the AZO powders thus complex reactions occurred to form the extra compounds. EDAX analysis,coupling with XRD,provided the evidence that La did exist in the penetrated AZO powders and the potential sign of the generation of extra compounds. Through SEM images,it was illustrated that the gaseous penetration processing progressed the growth of grain size in the shape of rod and generated distinguishable phases of extra compounds.     

A356合金力学性能的工艺研究

叙述了金属锶对A356合金的变质处理，采用复合净化工艺，型腔多点冷却等技术措施，明显提高A356铝合金的力学性能。研究得出一个比较成熟的A356铝合金复杂零件的生产工艺，可供广大材料工作者借鉴。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-10Y-2.5Sm alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of aged Mg-10Y-2.5Sm alloy were investigated.The results showed that the microstructure of the alloy consisted of α-Mg matrix and Mg24Y5 phase,and fine Mg24Y5 particles distributed in α-Mg matrix uniformly and dispersedly.Sm enhanced α-Mg matrix and Mg24Y5 phase by solid solution effect.At 200-300 oC,the ultimate tensile strengths were more than 200 MPa and the elongations were about 3%.Compared with those at room temperature,the mechanical properties had no obvious changes.     

Evolution of microstructure and tensile properties of extruded Mg-4Zn-1Y alloy

In order to investigate the effect of extrusion on Mg-4Zn-1Y alloy, microstructure and mechanical properties were analyzed by optical microscopy（OM）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, energy dispersive spectrum（EDS） and tensile testing.The results indicated that the microstructure was obviously refined by extrusion and dynamic recrystallization.The second phases were dynamic precipitated and distributed more dispersively through extrusion.W-Phases（Mg3Zn3Y2） were twisted and broken, while I-Phases（Mg3Zn6Y） were spheroidized by deformation.Twin bands were formed to achieve the large deformation and hinder the slip of dislocations effectively to improve tensile properties.The tensile strength and elongation of extruded Mg-4Zn-1Y alloy were 254.94 MPa and 17.9% respectively which were improved greatly compared with those of as-cast alloy.The strengthening mechanisms of the extruded alloy were mainly fine-grain strengthening and distortion strengthening.     

Effect of Ce/La microalloying on microstructural evolution of Mg-Zn-Ca alloy during solution treatment

The effect of Ce/La misch metal addition on the microstructural evolution of as-cast and as-soluted Mg-5.3Zn-0.5Ca(wt.%) alloys was systematically investigated. It was found that Ce/La could effectively refine the as-cast alloy and restrain grain growth during solution treatment, which was derived from the constitutional supercooling during solidification process and the formation of stable intermetallic compounds Ce Mg12 and Mg17La2. Furthermore, Ce/La microalloying and solution treatment resulted in an evolution from the original lamellar Ca2Mg6Zn3/α-Mg to the divorced eutectic structure. The thermal stability of Mg-Zn-Ca alloy could be effectively improved by Ce/La addition, because the low-melting-point binary Mg-Zn phase was transformed to Mg x Zn y-Ca-(Ce/La) phase with higher thermal stability and the amount of Ca2Mg6Zn3/α-Mg eutectic structure was reduced.     

Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of （Li, Ce） modified NaBi5Ti5O18 composite ceramics

Nominal (Li0.5Ce0.5)x(Na0.5Bi0.5)(1-x)Na0.5Bi4.5Ti5O18 composite ceramics were fabricated using conventional solid-state reaction method. The coexistence of bismuth layer-structured phase and perovskite phase was determined in these ceramics using XRD technique. At room temperature, the x=0.11 sample showed the largest piezoelectric constant, d33, of about 26.5 pC/N and the largest electromechanical coupling factor, kt, of about 30%. Even after annealing at 500 ℃, the value of d33 was still about 19 pC/N, in x=0.08-0.11 samples. Moreover, these composite ceramics showed low temperature coefficients of dielectric constant and high electrical resistivity in the temperature region of 450-550 ℃. These results indicated that (Li, Ce) modified NaBi5Ti5O18 composite ceramics were promising piezoelectric materials for high-temperature applications.     

Morphological,electromagnetic and absorbing properties of GR/Fe93.5Si3.5La1Ce2 composite powders

In this study,the morphological,electromagnetic and absorbing properties of GR/Fe_93.5Si_3.5La₁ Ce₂ composite powders were systematically investigated.The composite powders was prepared by highenergy ball milling.X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and Raman spectroscopy analyses confirm the presence of α-Fe and graphene in the composite powders.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) observation shows that the composite powders have a flake morphology.The electromagnet...     

Effects of calcium,samarium addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy with Ca, Sm addition were investigated. The results showed that the addition of 0.5 wt.% Ca reduced the quantity of Mg17Al12 phase, and formed a new Al4 Ca phase which is reticular in AZ61 alloy. With the addition of Ca and Sm, the microstructure was further refined and new Al-Sm rich phases were formed in AZ61 alloy with 0.6 wt.%–1.5 wt.% Sm addition, the TEM analysis confirmed that they were Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm. Tensile tests showed that 1.0 wt.% Sm addition contributed to the formation of the Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm and the improvement in the ambient strength, i.e., an ultimate tensile strength of 327 MPa and an elongation of 10.1%. However, excessive Sm addition led to the coarsening of Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm phases, thus resulted in the decline of strength and plasticity.     

Adsorption of carbon dioxide by coconut activated carbon modified with Cu/Ce

A series of the coconut activated carbons(CAC) based absorbents modified with Cu and Ce(Cu/CAC,Cu/Ce/CAC) were prepared by impregnation technology for carbon dioxide capture.The adsocrption equilibriums of CO2 on Cu/CAC and Cu/Ce/CAC were measured.The results showed that the adsorption capacity of CO2 onto the activated carbon modified with Cu/Ce increased with the decreasing temperature in the same pressure.The adsorption capacity of CO2 on Cu/CAC was higher than that of the blank CAC,and compared with the Cu/CAC,the adsorption capacity of CO2 of Cu/Ce/CAC with the mass ratio of Cu/Ce=30 was improved at 298 and 303 K.In addition,the adsorption equilibrium data for CO2 at various temperatures was fitted to Langmuir,Freundlich and D-R isotherm models.It was found that the D-R equation was the best model for fitting the adsorption data on Cu/Ce/CAC at different temperatures.     

Effects of precipitates on grain size and mechanical properties of AZ31-x% Nd magnesium alloy

The effects of precipitates on grain size and mechanical properties of as-cast AZ3 1-x%Nd magnesium alloy were investi- gated, and the affecting mechanism was also discussed. The results indicated that Al2Nd phase, AlllNd3 phase and a few AI-Mn-Nd-Fe phase were furmed when adding 0.38 wt.%-1.46 wt.% Nd into AZ31 melt, coarse AI2Nd transformed into Al11Nd3 gradually with the increasing of Nd content. Due to structure and size transformation and content increasing of AI-Nd phase, the grain size of AZ31-x% Nd alloy increased firstly, and then decreased with the increment of Nd content. After reaching a minimum value, once again it rose up, provided that Nd content was further increased. The tensile property reached its optimal value when the adding amount of Nd content was 1.05 wl.%, however, adding excessive amount of Nd deteriorated both ultimate strength and elongation ofAZ31 alloy.