基于MRAS的无速度传感器异步电机矢量控制研究

本文依据异步电机矢量控制的基本原理,构建了无速度传感器的矢量控制系统。该系统中采用了转子磁链观测器方法,并运用模型参考自适应法进行了转子速度的估计。文中通过了Matlab/Simulink构建系统仿真模型,结果表明了系统的正确性与可行性。     

基于全阶观测器的异步电动机矢量控制系统

磁链观测一直是异步电机无速度矢量控制的难点,本文以异步电动机本身为参考模型,设计了全阶观测器的可调模型来估算异步电机的磁链和速度。利用Matlab软件构造了按转子磁场定向的矢量控制系统的仿真模型,采用全阶观测器的方法在逆变器仿真平台和实验平台上实现了异步机的无速度矢量控制。通过仿真和试验验证了模型的正确性,结果表明所建立的调速系统具有良好的动态性能。     

基于MRAS的异步电机无速度传感器的矢量控制

由于电机定转子参数的变化,利用一般的转子磁链对转速进行估算,将导致不能得到准确的结果。这里采用积分型转子磁链的参考和可调模型构建出一个基于MRAS的异步电机无速度传感器的矢量控制模型。该模型提高了矢量控制系统的动态性能并利用MATLAB,sIMULINK进行了异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统的仿真,验证了文中所采用的模型参考自适应的速度估算方法的可行性以及对参数误差的鲁棒性。     

基于滑模控制的异步电机无速度传感器DTC研究

建立了一种滑模速度观测器,用于电机转速的精确观测。该观测器充分利用电机状态方程具有的结构特点,设计出简单有效的速度估算方法,在转子磁链的估算中无须用到转子时间常数和转速等信息,提高了观测器对于参数误差的鲁棒性。将所建立的观测器和空间电压矢量脉宽调制技术(SVPWM)结合对电机进行控制,进一步提高了系统的调速性能。仿真结果验证了基于滑模控制理论的异步电机无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统的可行性以及对参数误差的鲁棒性。     

基于MRAS的异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制

异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统中的速度辨识方法是目前研究的热点,其中MRAS由于其原理简单、实用性较强等优点,在交流调速系统中得到了广泛应用。本文采用改进的电压型转子磁链估算模型,避免了由纯积分环节造成的积分漂移等问题,采用可变PI型自适应律,结构简单且具有较好的辨识效果,最后给出了转子磁场定向的无速度传感器矢量控制系统的实现,仿真结果表明该系统具有良好的动静态性能,且具有一定的抗干扰能力。     

新型无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统

为了消除对于大多数观测器来说比较关键的转速反馈信息,磁链观测器的构建采用了双参考坐标系,即在静止坐标系下建立定子方程,在旋转坐标系下建立转子方程。由于该观测器不包含转速自适应量,消除了不准确的转速信息对磁链观测器的影响,提高了磁链观测器的精度和鲁棒性。运用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件对无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统进行了仿真。仿真结果表明新型滑模观测器有效地提高了低速下定子磁链和转速的观测精度,并提高了系统的鲁棒性,拓宽了无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统的调速范围,最终保证了控制系统在全速范围内的高性能运行。     

无速度传感器异步电机矢量控制研究

本文以异步电动机矢量控制原理为基础,研究基于MRAS的无速度传感器矢量控制系统。介绍一种改进型电压模型转子磁链观测方案,采用Matlab/Simulink软件进行了仿真实验。实验结果证明该方法能够较准确地估算转子磁链和转速,系统运行良好。     

异步电机自适应矢量控制系统研究

提出了一种速度自适应的转子磁链闭环观测器,并应用于矢量控制系统中,以取代传统的纯积分器。经过理论证明,该系统是超稳定系统。针对1.1kW感应电机,采用MATLAB／SIMULINK仿真软件对系统进行仿真,仿真结果表明该方案对电机参数变化的鲁棒性较好,磁链观测精度高。同时,基于磁链状态观测器设计的速度辨识方案收敛速度快．精度高,尤其是在较低转速下仍能保持很高的精度。     

民航雷达电机无速度传感器矢量控制设计

针对民航雷达电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统进行了研究,在(/dq)坐标系下建立异步电机的数学模型,利用电动机定子电压方程和电流方程,采用模型参考自适应辨识算法,建立了一个基于转子磁场定向的异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统,并利用Mat Lab/Simulink软件对该控制系统进行仿真。     

基于定子磁链定向的异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统的仿真分析

本文介绍了一种基于定子磁链定向的异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统，推导出异步电机在定子磁链定向下的数学模型，并依此建立控制系统，最后给出了系统的仿真策略和调速性能的仿真结果。     

基于Matlab／Simuljnk的无速度传感器直接转矩控制的仿真

本文介绍了异步电动机直接转矩控制的基本原理，提出了基于自适应全阶磁链观测器的速度估算方法，实现了无速度传感器的速度辨识。并应用Matlab／Simulink软件对该系统进行了建模和仿真，仿真结果表明，该系统对电机定子磁链的观测精度高，转速估算准确，尤其在低速下能保持很高的性能。     

A nonlinear state observer for the sensorless control of apermanent-magnet AC machine

This paper presents a sensorless speed regulation scheme for a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based solely on the motor line currents measurements. The proposed scheme combines an exact linearization-based controller with a nonlinear state observer which estimates the rotor position and speed. Moreover, the stability of the closed-loop system, including the observer, is demonstrated through Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed observer has the advantage of being insensitive to rotation direction. It is shown how a singularity at zero velocity appears in the scheme and how it can be avoided by switching smoothly from the observer-based closed-loop control to an open-loop control at low velocity. The system performance is tested with an experimental setup consisting of a PMSM servo drive and a digital-signal-processor-based controller for both unidirectional and bidirectional speed regulation     

A sensorless vector control system for induction motors usingq-axis flux with stator resistance identification

This paper presents a sensorless vector control system for general-purpose induction motors, which is based on the observer theory and the adaptive control theories. The proposed system includes a rotor speed estimator using a q-axis flux and stator resistance identifier using the d-axis flux. The advantages of the proposed system are simplicity and avoidance of problems caused by using only a voltage model. Since the mathematical model of this system is constructed in a synchronously rotating reference frame, a linear model is easily derived for analyzing the system stability, including the influence of the observer gain, motor operating state, and parameter variations. In order to obtain stable low-speed operation and speed control accuracy, an algorithm for compensating for the deadtime of the inverter and correcting the nonideal features of an insulated gate bipolar transistor was developed. The effectiveness of the proposed system has been verified by digital simulation and experimentation     

On Sensorless Induction Motor Drives: Sliding-Mode Observer and Output Feedback Controller

In this paper, a sensorless output feedback controller is designed in order to drive the induction motor (IM) without the use of flux and speed sensors. First, a new sliding-mode observer that uses only the measured stator currents is synthesized to estimate the speed, flux, and load torque. Second, a current-based field-oriented sliding-mode control is developed so as to steer the estimated speed and flux magnitude to the desired references. A stability analysis based on the Lyapunov theory is also presented in order to guarantee the closed-loop stability of the proposed observer-control system. Two experimental results for a 1.5-kW IM are presented and analyzed by taking into account the unobservability phenomena of the sensorless IM.      

Speed sensorless stator flux-oriented control of induction motor in the field weakening region using Luenberger observer

In a conventional speed sensorless stator flux-oriented (SFO) induction motor drive, when the estimated speed is transformed into the sampled-data model using the first-forward difference approximation, the sampled-data model has a modeling error which, in turn, produces an error in the rotor speed estimation. The error included in the estimated speed is removed by the use of a low pass filter (LPF). As the result, the delay of the estimated speed occurs in transients by the use of the LPF. This paper investigates the problem of a conventional speed sensorless SFO system due to the delay of the estimated speed in the field weakening region. In addition, this paper proposes a method to estimate exactly speed by using Luenberger observer. The proposed method is verified by the simulation and experiment with a 5-hp induction motor drive.     

Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Drives Equipped With Inverter Output Filter

This paper deals with the speed sensorless vector control of an induction motor in a special case where the output voltage of the pulsewidth-modulated inverter is filtered by an inductance–capacitance$(LC)$filter. The system states are estimated by means of an adaptive full-order observer, and no additional voltage, current, or speed measurements are needed. The rotor speed adaptation is based on the estimation error of the inverter output current. Quasi-steady-state and linearization analyses are used to design an observer that enables a wide operation region, including very low and very high speeds. A torque-maximizing control method is applied in the field-weakening region. Simulation and experimental results show that the performance is comparable to that of a drive without the$LC$filter.     

Comparative study of adaptive and inherently sensorless observers for variable-speed induction-motor drives

State observers are key components of modern ac drives. The paper presents a comparative analysis of two state observers for induction-motor (IM) drives: the speed-adaptive observer and the inherently sensorless observer. The adaptive observer employs the time-variable full-order motor model with the rotor speed as the adaptive quantity. Thus, the speed estimation accuracy significantly impacts on the flux observer. It is shown that the popular model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed estimator displays reduced bandwidth, and does not deliver adequate performance for the flux estimation. The inherently sensorless observer employs a full-order dual reference-frame model in order to eliminate the speed adaptation. In this way, it becomes decoupled from the speed estimator and its performance is superior to that of its adaptive counterpart. Theoretical aspects and comparative simulation results are discussed for both observers. Comparative experimental results for both observers are presented. Very low-speed-operation (3 r/min) capability of the drive with the sensorless observer is demonstrated.     

A fault-tolerant control architecture for induction motor drives in automotive applications

This paper describes a fault-tolerant control system for a high-performance induction motor drive that propels an electrical vehicle (EV) or hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). In the proposed control scheme, the developed system takes into account the controller transition smoothness in the event of sensor failure. Moreover, due to the EV or HEV requirements for sensorless operations, a practical sensorless control scheme is developed and used within the proposed fault-tolerant control system. This requires the presence of an adaptive flux observer. The speed estimator is based on the approximation of the magnetic characteristic slope of the induction motor to the mutual inductance value. Simulation results, in terms of speed and torque responses, show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Design and analysis of general rotor-flux-oriented vector controlsystems

Reduced-order observers for rotor flux estimation of induction motors are considered. The “current” model and “voltage” model are obtained as special cases. It is shown that the flux dynamics form a nonlinear closed-loop system when the flux estimate is used for field orientation. The observer gain selection is extremely critical for good behavior of this system. A framework is developed, in which the properties of any gain selection can easily be assessed. Four candidate gain selections are considered, two of which yield schemes that do not use the rotor speed in their equations (inherently sensorless schemes). It is also shown that for any gain selection, an equivalent synchronous-frame implementation (i.e., indirect field orientation) always exists