电镀防护性锌基合金镀层钝化膜的耐蚀性

防护性锌基合金镀层钝化膜的耐蚀性比锌镀层钝化膜提高２－４倍。ＸＰＳ及ＡＥＳ分析表明,合金镀层钝化膜与锌镀层钝化膜均由ＣｒＯ３、Ｃｒ２Ｏ３、Ｚｎ（ＯＨ）２、ＺｎＯ及Ｈ２Ｏ等组成,并且ＣｒＯ３／Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的相对含量和Ｚｎ（ＯＨ）２／ＺｎＯ相对含量也基本相同,它们的区别在于,合金镀层钝化膜中总铬量较高,膜层完整、致密,镀层／钝化膜界面存在铁系金属的富集层,这是锌基合金镀层钝化膜具有高耐蚀性的主要原因。     

NaCl和CO2对Zn在薄液膜下腐蚀的协同作用

使用石英晶体微天平（ＱＣＭ：ｑｕａｒｔｚ ｃｒｙｓｔａｌ ｍｉｃｒｏｂａｌａｎｃｅ）为主要手段研究了在８５％ＲＨ（相对湿度）和ＮａＣｌ存在的条件下,金属Ｚｎ在不同ＣＯ２浓度下的大气腐蚀动力学,同时结合Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）和扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）研究了Ｚｎ在薄液膜下的大气腐蚀机理,并用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）对腐蚀产物进行形貌分析,阐述了腐蚀产物的保护特征。实验结果表明,在薄液膜下,ＮａＣｌ的存在使金属     

绝缘层下电磁线表面发黑原因分析

通过Ｘ射线衍射和ＸＰＳ对电磁线绝缘膜下表面黑膜及模拟腐蚀试样的表面膜进行了分析,测得表面黑膜主要由Ｃｕ２Ｏ、ＣｕＯ、ＣｕＣＯ２、Ｃｕ（ＯＨ）２、Ｃｕ的氯化物和硫化物以及钠盐、ＳｉＯ２等组成。由此对电磁线绝缘膜下表面发黑的原因进行了探讨。     

GAS-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM OF Pb-Cd-Zn SYSTEM UNDER VACUUM

ＧＡＳ－ＬＩＱＵＩＤＥＱＵＩＬＩＢＲＩＵＭＯＦＰｂ－Ｃｄ－ＺｎＳＹＳＴＥＭＵＮＤＥＲＶＡＣＵＵＭＧＡＳ－ＬＩＱＵＩＤＥＱＵＩＬＩＢＲＩＵＭＯＦＰｂ－Ｃｄ－ＺｎＳＹＳＴＥＭＵＮＤＥＲＶＡＣＵＵＭ￥Ｌｉｕ，Ｒｉｘｉｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｃａ...     

Thermodynamics of Cu-Ce-M(M=Sn,Zn,Pb)liquid solutions

ＴＨＥＲＭＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＳＯＦＣｕ－Ｃｅ－Ｍ（Ｍ＝Ｓｎ，Ｚｎ，Ｐｂ）ＬＩＱＵＩＤＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＳＤｕ，Ｔｉｎｇ；Ｌｉ，Ｇｕｏｄｏｎｇ（ＣｅｎｔｒａｌＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｅｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅＭｉｎｉｓｔｒｙｏｆＭｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｉ...     

镀锌层表面H4PM011VO40杂多酸转化膜的研究

利用浸渍法在镀锌层表面获得钼钒磷杂多酸转化膜，加速腐试验结果证实了膜层具有良好的耐蚀性。ＸＰＳ和ＡＥＳ分析结果表明，膜层由Ｏ、Ｍｏ，Ｐ，Ｖ，Ｚｎ等元素组成，相对原子百分含量（Ａ．Ｃ％）为：Ｏ４５．８，Ｍｏ３５．７，Ｐ９．２，Ｖ３．９Ｚｎ５．４；在膜层中Ｐ以Ｐ（Ｖ）Ｍｏ在Ｍｏ（Ｖ），Ｍｏ（Ⅳ），Ｖ以Ｖ（Ⅲ），Ｖ（Ⅳ）等形式存在。     

含铅铋系2212相生长动力学研究

从生长动力学角度研究了（Ｂｉ,Ｐｂ）２Ｓｒ２ＣａＣｕ２Ｏｚｘ超导相反应历程及成相规律。应用差示热分析（ＤＴＡ）,Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）,扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）,能量色散谱仪（ＥＤＳ）等手段详细分析了所得样品的成分、成分改变过程和微观形貌。结果表明：（Ｂｉ,Ｐｂ）２２１２相基层符合按成核生长机理进行的固相反应动力学关系。较大的过度下,长时间的退火处理过程有利于有织构的（Ｂｉ,Ｐｂ）－２２１２相形成。     

Zn在SO2环境下大气腐蚀初期表面特性研究

采用扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ／ＥＤＡＸ）和显微红外光谱对Ｚｎ在相对湿度为９０％和０．９×１０＾－６ＳＯ２的控制气氛条件下初期腐蚀表面和腐蚀产物进行了研究,１０ｈ以后腐蚀表面呈现均匀分布的凹凸形貌特征,直到数日后开始萌生局部腐蚀,测试结果表明局部腐蚀的产物碱式水合硫酸盐。     

二氧化碳在A3钢大气腐蚀中的作用

通过电化学法并结合ＸＲＤ及ＳＥＭ,研究了大于临界相对湿度条件下,ＣＯ２浓度对Ａ３钢在薄层液膜下大气腐蚀的影响。电化学实验结果表明,Ａ３钢的大气腐蚀速率随ＣＯ２浓度的上升而增加。Ｘ射线衍射分析及ＳＥＭ观察表明,金属表面腐蚀 产物中无碳酸盐生成;腐蚀产物在金属表面分为内、外双层结构,ＣＯ２在Ａ３钢表面的吸附是不均匀的。故ＣＯ２对金属的大气腐蚀起着加速作用,腐蚀产物膜对金属的保护作用微弱,同时提出了ＣＯ     

DEFORMATION BEHAVIOUR OF Cu－Zn－Al ALLOYS AND ITS EFFECT ON TRANSFORMATION HYSTERESIS

ＤＥＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＢＥＨＡＶＩＯＵＲＯＦＣｕ－Ｚｎ－ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＳＡＮＤＩＴＳＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＮＴＲＡＮＳＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＨＹＳＴＥＲＥＳＩＳＷａｎｇＭｉｎｇｐｕ；ＸｕＧｅｎｙｉｎ；ＹｉｎＺｈｉｍｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌ...     

镀锌层表面硅酸盐防腐膜的研究

采用盐雾试验和电化学腐蚀试验对镀锌层表面硅酸盐钝化膜的耐蚀性进行了测试.XPS分析表明,膜层表面锌以ZnS形式存在,而在膜内则以ZnO形式存在.由AES深度分布曲线的组成恒定区求得各组成元素的相对原子百分浓度(A.C.%):O59.2,Zn5.9,Si19.1,N2.7,S4.2,P3.6,C5.3.     

用XPS和AES研究锌表面彩色防腐蚀膜

用阴极极化法从钼酸盐和磷酸盐的混合溶液中获得了锌表面彩色转化膜。此膜具有良好的防腐蚀和装饰效果。盐雾试验结果表明,金黄色膜耐蚀性最佳。XPS和AES分析结果表明,该膜层厚度约为75nm;膜表面钼以Mo(VI)状态存在,而在膜内则以Mo(VI)和Mo(IV)共存。从AES深度分布曲线的组成恒定区求得各组成元素的相对原子百分浓度(A.C.%)为:O 56.9%;Mo 26.8％;P 11.0％;Zn 5.3％。     

NY-400 型耐张线夹内部交流腐蚀形貌及产物研究

目的研究老旧高压输电耐张线夹内部交流腐蚀。方法截取已运行35 a的耐张线夹并解剖,采用扫描电子显微镜分析腐蚀区的微观形貌,采用X射线衍射仪、能谱仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对腐蚀区元素及物相进行分析鉴定,分析线夹内部腐蚀损伤演化过程。结果线夹内表面与铝线表面局部出现大量白色腐蚀产物和黑色覆盖物,白色腐蚀物呈粉末和片层两种形态。分析表明,腐蚀产物相组成为Al2O3,Al O(OH)和Al OOH;黑色覆盖物随深度增加而减少,黑色区域主要元素为Al,O和C,物相组成为Al2O3,C(graphite)和含C有机物。钢芯锌层破坏区的内层铝线更易腐蚀,腐蚀区呈灰黑色,微观形貌为富铁元素颗粒镶嵌在其它腐蚀产物中,区域的主要元素为Al,C,O,Fe和Zn,Fe元素存在形式为Fe2O3;钢芯表面镀锌层局部腐蚀严重,呈现平面型点蚀形貌,主要元素为Zn,Al,C和O,Zn腐蚀产物为六边纤锌矿结构Zn O。结论内部交流腐蚀原因为液体渗入,同时腐蚀产生大量的热致使材料分解。     

Self-healing mechanism of a protective film prepared on a Ce(NO3)3-pretreated zinc electrode by modification with Zn(NO3)2 and Na3PO4

Self-healing mechanism of a protective film against corrosion of zinc at scratches in an aerated 0.5 M NaCl solution was investigated by polarization measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA). The film was prepared on a zinc electrode by treatment in a Ce(NO₃)₃ solution and addition of aqueous solutions containing 9.98 or 19.9 μg/cm² of Zn(NO₃)₂ · 6H₂O and 55.2 μg/cm² of Na₃PO₄ · 12H₂O. After the coated electrode was scratched with a knife-edge crosswise and immersed in the NaCl solution for many hours, polarization measurements, observation of pit formation at the scratches, XPS and EPMA were carried out. This film was remarkably protective and self-healing against zinc corrosion on the scratched electrode. The cathodic and anodic processes of zinc corrosion were markedly suppressed by coverage of the surface except for scratches with a thin Ce₂O₃ layer containing a small amount of Ce⁴⁺ and the surface of scratches with a layer composed of Zn₃(PO₄)₂ · 4H₂O, Zn(OH)₂ and ZnO mostly.     

Selective Dissolution of Electrodeposited Zn-Ni Alloy Coatings

The corrosion of Zn-Ni alloy coatings in pure and NaHCO, containing Nad solutions was investigated under open circuit potential conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were applied for the alloy surface characterisation, while direct current plasma emission spectrometry was used for test solution and corrosion product film analysis. It has been established that Zn dissolves preferentially leaving a top layer slightly enriched with Ni. However, this layer does not act as a barrier layer for the further corrosion attack. The presence of NaHCO₃, in NaC! solution causes a reduction in the corrosion rales of Zn-Ni alloy and the thickness of corrosion product (oxide) film, as well as affecting the ratio of the soluble and insoluble fractions of ionised Zn and Ni and the development of the surface morphology. In a pure NaCl solution Zn-Ni corrosion occurred with surface roughening, while in the presence of NaHCO₃ the process was accompanied by surface smoothing.     

Impact of zinc ion addition on corrosion of EH40 steel in natural seawater

Zinc ion is a common heavy metal in marine pollution, but its impact on corrosion of steels without passive films in natural seawater is far from being investigated. In this study, the impact of zinc ion addition (1.5 and 15 mmol/L) on corrosion of EH40 steel commonly utilized for building ships and offshore platforms was studied by numerous methods and technologies. It was found that EH40 steel corrosion was inhibited with the addition of zinc ion, and corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with the concentration added. The deposited ZnO and Zn(OH)₂ on the steel surface was believed to hamper electron transfer, thus inhibiting corrosion. Meanwhile, the bactericidal zinc ion and ZnO mitigated the activity of microorganisms in biofilms to reduce the damage caused by microbiologically influenced corrosion. But pitting corrosion was enhanced with a high concentration of zinc ion added due to the inhomogeneity of ZnO layers.     

电镀锌钢板黑变机理的动力学

为探索铬酸盐钝化膜提高锌镀层耐蚀性的机理和研究其发生黑变的初期腐蚀现象， 对电镀锌钢板黑变的动力学规律进行了研究。以湿热实验中镀锌层表面明度差随时间变化的关系来表征钝化和未钝化试片腐蚀的速度， 发现钝化后的镀锌层的腐蚀规律符合Ｗａｇｎｅｒ 方程， 未钝化的镀锌层的腐蚀规律符合对数方程， 并求出了相应的腐蚀反应的活化能。钝化使腐蚀反应的活化能提高了一个数量级以上。实验结果表明该腐蚀是由于氧的向内扩散和锌离子的向外扩散， 钝化膜的存在影响了腐蚀的历程。     

模拟溶液中Mn对Zn腐蚀的作用机制

采用动电位极化、扫描电镜(SEM)和X光电子能谱分析(XPS)等技术研究了含0.4mass%Mn的Zn-0.4Mn合金在模拟海洋大气环境溶液(0.1 mol/L NaCl 0.1 mol/L Na2SO4 0.01 mol/L NaHCO3)中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,Zn和Zn-0.4Mn合金上的腐蚀产物均以ZnO和Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6为主,但Zn-0.4Mn表层有更多的Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6.Mn的作用足使腐蚀产物致密,并促进耐蚀腐蚀产物(Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6)的形成,从而显著提高Zn在此溶液中的耐蚀性能.     

Electrodeposited zinc composite coatings with embedded carbon nanotubes – advanced composite materials for better corrosion protection

The aim of the present investigation was to demonstrate a preparation method for obtaining an electrodeposited composite zinc coating with incorporated carbon nanotubes (CNT). The composite coatings were additionally treated in a newly developed conversion solution based on a Cr(III)-containing compound. The surface morphology of the Cr(III) and non-Cr(III) samples was investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the metallographic structure with X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and the composition with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Composite zinc coatings without and with the surface conversion film (CF) have been investigated in a standard test medium of 5% NaCl solution by use of potentiodynamic polarisation (PDP) curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarisation resistance (R_p) measurements. The results obtained show the synergistic effect of the incorporated CNT and conversion film for achieving better corrosion resistance of the system composite Zn/CF in aggressive medium containing chloride ions as corrosion activators.