Automated fusion-splicing of polarization maintaining fibers

An advanced splicing technique for polarization maintaining (PM) fibers has been derived based on the polarization observation by lens-effect-tracing (POL) method. With this technique, azimuthal alignment on common types of PM fibers can be automatically performed in a passive way by an automated fusion splicer. Because the method permits an accurate estimation of the splice's extinction ratio before and after actual splicing, the quality of the splice call be estimated without having to make an active measurement. The experiment results illustrated in the paper show a mean extinction ratio 32.2 with 2.73 dB standard deviation and mean difference between measured and estimated extinction ratio 0.18 dB, respectively, for six different types of PM fibers     

长波长细径保偏光纤的制作

通过介绍长波长熊猫型细径保偏光纤的制作工艺过程.分析细径保偏光纤制作的技术难点,初步解决了细径保偏光纤制作工艺中的问题,制作出了长波长熊猫型细径保偏光纤样品.所制作的保偏光纤在1550nm波长下损耗小于1dB/km,偏振串音达到近-28dB/km.     

保偏光纤技术进展及发展趋势

文章阐述了保偏光纤(PMF)的基本原理和制造技术，分析了国内外PMF的技术进展及PMF的发展趋势。     

Analysis of the polarization behavior of hybrid modes in highlybirefringent fibers

The polarization properties of hybrid waveguide modes in highly birefringent fibers are theoretically and experimentally investigated. The Jones spatial polarization matrix of the fiber for a hybrid mode is derived. Both monochromatic and quasimonochromatic cases are considered. The case of stress nonuniformities and its consequences to polarization preservation is addressed. The problems related to the polarization preservation along single- and two-mode fibers are discussed     

Numerical analysis of residual stresses in preform of stress applying part for PANDA-type polarization maintaining optical fibers

This study is concerned with numerical simulation of the mechanisms responsible for formation of technological and residual stresses in preforms of non-uniformly doped silica stress applying rods for optical fibers of PANDA-type caused by cooling and etching of the upper layers. The relationships between the doping degree and the rod radius meeting the strength criterion have been established. It has been found that doping of the stress applying rod with doping additives compensating the refractive index increases the level of the stress state. To take account of this effect a set of doping relationships acceptable for compensated rods has been proposed.     

保偏光纤环形谐振腔研究

报道了一种用于角速度测量的光纤谐振式传感器保偏光纤环形谐振腔的研究,给出了测量的原理、实验装置和实验结果.根据计算和实验结果,对影响系统性能的几个重要光学参数进行了设计和优化.该谐振腔已在传感器系统中得到应用.     

保偏光纤断裂形式分析

通过对于光纤断裂机理的分析,确认了目前影响保偏光纤的断裂两种形式,发现了不同于常规“延展性断裂”的“脆性断裂”,通过对于断裂形式的分析及研究,明确了“延展性断裂”与“脆性断裂”的差异,最终通过实验得到了“脆性断裂”产生原因及表现形式,对于保偏光纤应用过程中的机械损伤控制起到了指导作用。     

保偏光纤拍长的测量方法

介绍了保偏光纤拍长测量的几种常用方法,就其测量原理,试验装置及优缺点分别进行了较为详细的分析和说明.并就目前多数测量方法适用于高双折射光纤的不足,介绍了一种较好的测量低双折射光纤拍长的方法.     

保偏光纤侧视光强相关峰锐度的定轴方法

在保偏光纤偏振轴的定位和对准技术中,侧视成像法为目前的主要方法。现有的侧视成像法对光强形貌特征具有较高要求,为了提高它们的通用性,提出了基于侧视光强相关峰锐度的定轴方法。该方法首先通过侧视光强曲线间的相关运算得到相关系数曲线,进而利用相关系数曲线的峰值尖锐程度作为特征值。相比于传统侧视成像法,该方法不受光强形貌特征的限制,因此具有更强的通用性。为了提高该方法的精度,对不同观测平面的定轴精度进行了比较,从而确定了具有理想定轴精度的观测平面范围。在此基础之上,对该方法的实际精度进行了实验验证,结果表明:利用该方法可以获得优于0.9的定轴精度。     

Anisotropic polarization maintaining optical fiber ring resonators

Suppression of the polarization drift of optical fiber ring resonators is investigated both theoretically and experimentally by employing anisotropy in a polarization maintaining fiber ring. A general analytic expression for the transmission of the device is derived allowing the fiber modes to exhibit any combination of polarization crosstalk, differential loss or differential coupling. The analysis shows that a moderate level of ring anisotropy, such as that of 10 dB in line polarizer or polarization selective coupler, is sufficient to greatly suppress the drift of the eigenstates of polarization (ESOPs), finesse and resonant point, restoring the device's suitability for most practical applications. An inevitable consequence of introducing ring anisotropy is the loss of orthogonality of the ESOPs. This effect limits the anticipated benefit in high sensitivity applications. A practical anisotropic PMRR is demonstrated by inserting a thin film of nematic liquid crystal between the two halves of the polished coupler of the ring. This resonator demonstrates a polarization response immune to environmental perturbations     

LP modes and ideal modes on optical fibers

The transformation from coupled-mode equations for LP modes to those for ideal modes and the expressions of one set of modes in terms of linear combinations of the other set of modes are studied, using the coupled-mode theory. The expressions (including higher-order corrections) of modal fields and propagation constants for ideal modes are given in terms of those for LP modes in three different cases. Thus, cases where a LP mode can or cannot directly replace a corresponding ideal mode are made clear.     

Generation of microwave and millimeter-wave based on polarization scrambler and polarization maintaining fiber

A new method is proposed to generate microwave and millimeter-wave by using polarization scrambler and polarization maintaining fiber （PMF）, which is based on the coupling and the interaction between the two polarizations of the initial non-chirp Gaussian optical pulse in PMF. The expressions of the microwave and millimeter-wave are derived by couplemode theory. Moreover, the feasibility is analyzed simulatedly. At lasl, 0-120 GHz microwave and millimeter-wave can be produced by adjusting system parameter or input pulse duration. The project is of great simplicity, stability and high export efficiency.     

Hybrid modes on anisotropic dielectric rods

The boundary value problem for wave propagation on a cylindrical anisotropic rod has been solved for hybrid modes, i.e., those having angular dependence. Solutions for the rod radius, normalized by the free space wavelength, as a function of the phase velocity, are presented for various values of the transverse and longitudinal dielectric constants. When the rod is terminated by conducting end plates, a highQmicrowave resonator results. The electric and magnetic energies stored in the rod have been calculated, as has the cavityQ. Experimental resonant frequencies for various modes in anX-band cavity using a ruby laser rod are compared with theory.     

Coupled coplanar waveguide with anisotropic substrate

Frequency-dependent hybrid-mode values of the characteristic impedances as well as the effective dielectric constants are presented for the coupled coplanar waveguide with uniaxially anisotropic substrate for the first time. The characteristic impedances are calculated by using two different definitions, that is, the voltage/current and power/voltage criteria, and both of them converge to the quasistatic values in lower-frequency ranges.     

Explicit birefringence analysis for anisotropic fibers

A hyper-perturbation approach is used to find the Taylor expansion formulas for the dispersion curves of arbitrarily indexed optical fibers. These formulas are then used to give analytically the birefringence characteristics of optical fibers with biaxially anisotropic core and cladding. The dependence of the fiber birefringence on the index difference, index anisotropy, and the normalized frequency is explicitly determined. Simple, accurate analytic formulas have been presented for anisotropic fibers with step- and parabolic-index profiles. Numerical results are in good agreement with the literature results     

Variational analysis of anisotropic graded-index optical fibers

The variational principle for nonstandard eigenvalue problems recently introduced and used for step-index optical fiber analysis by the present authors is extended to anisotropic graded-index optical fibers. It is seen through an example of a round parabolic-index fiber that the choice of trial functions is more delicate than for the step-index fiber because of the more complicated field function. Certain two-parameter approximants, however, appear accurate enough and can be optimized with a simple calculator or desk computer analysis     

Coupled mode analysis of polarization volume hologram

We theoretically analyze polarization holographic recording based on photoinduced dichroism and birefringence. Such vectorial recording is achieved by preferentially transforming dye molecules aligned with the incident polarization in dynamic photoanisotropic organic materials. Orthogonal linear and orthogonal circular recording geometries, which produce only pure polarization modulations, are considered. The analytic solutions of the intensity and phase of the recording beams at steady state are derived. The theoretical results indicate the dependence of diffraction efficiency on the photoinduced dichroism and birefringence and on the polarization state of the probe beam. Results of numerical simulation are provided and compared with the analytic solutions     

基于部分保偏器件的干涉型光纤传感器

在单模光纤构成的干涉型光纤传感器中,存在偏振衰落问题,将导致干涉效率降低.而为了消偏振衰落采用全保偏器件的光纤传感器成本过于高昂,影响其实用性.以马赫.泽德干涉仪为基础,用反馈信号控制偏振控制器加起偏器的结构消除了偏振衰落,构造了基于部分保偏器件的干涉型光纤传感器.实验得到系统输出信噪比稳定在60 dB左右.     

Eigenstates of polarization of elliptical single-mode fibers

The degree of polarization of radiation in an elliptical polarization-maintaining fiber and the polarization states of eigenpolarization modes of such fibers have been experimentally investigated in a wide spectral range. It has been shown that the elliptical fibers are uniform, homogeneously twisted fibers with elliptically polarized eigenpolarization modes. The ellipticity of the eigenpolarization mode is independent of fiber length and increases with wavelength, while the azimuth of the eigenpolarization mode is spectrally independent     

白光扫描干涉仪用于保偏光纤偏振耦合检测

采用白光扫描干涉法,利用Michelson干涉仪中移动臂的移动补偿保偏光纤中产生的光程差,从而实现对保偏光纤绕组中偏振耦合点的耦合强度及空间位置分布的有效检测。分析了白光干涉仪的原理、结构以及干涉条纹特点,进行了保偏光纤环的扫描测量。结果表明,第一个保偏光纤环的质量优于其他各环,证明了仪器设计理论和实验结果相符。