磷石膏的综合利用及开发前景

磷石膏的无控排放已造成严重的环境污染和资源浪费,我国目前对其综合利用主要体现在建材业、生产化工原料和农业等方面,但利用率不高。磷石膏的综合利用应在经济、环保的前提下,开发大用量、高技术含量、有示范效应的利用途径。     

磷石膏改型改性研制新型建筑材料

论述了磷石膏开发利用研究现状,从未经处理的磷石膏直接用作胶凝材料;磷石膏未经处理直接添加外加剂;磷石膏直接煅烧建筑石膏;磷石膏改型改性综合研究等四个方面讨论了磷石膏的胶凝性能及改型改性研究试验。     

磷石膏水热合成法制备石膏晶须的研究

以磷石膏为原料,用水热法制备石膏晶须的方法.采用控制变量的方法,研究了反应温度、反应时间、原料球磨时间、料浆初始固液比、料浆初始pH值、助晶剂的种类及用量等对制备硫酸钙晶须的形貌、物相、长径比、合成率、可溶氟含量的影响.最后通过正交试验确定出磷石膏制备硫酸钙晶须的最佳工艺参数.     

磷石膏的特性

磷石膏是磷酸生产中的一种主要副产品，一般须加以贮存。本文从磷石膏堆场或磷石膏库设计的角度，讨论了磷石膏的特性，为堆场或库设计参数的选取提供了有效依据。     

岩溶地区磷化工固体废物堆场的设计思路——兼议干堆、湿堆方案对比

磷化工企业产生的固体废弃物主要包括磷渣尾矿和磷石膏两种。磷石膏浸出液呈酸性,氟离子含量较高;受选矿工艺及原矿为磷酸岩的影响,磷渣尾矿颗粒偏细,磷渣尾矿库和磷石膏渣场地质多存在一定程度的岩溶现象。较细的颗粒带来上游式筑坝困难,而贮存的酸性物质特别是岩溶地质条件则给固废堆场带来环保风险,且防渗处理投资巨大。本文以湖北某大型磷化工企业所属的渣场与尾矿库为例,介绍了固废堆场湿排干堆的思路,磷渣尾矿(磷石膏)通过建于堆场附近的压滤(过滤)车间脱水后运至堆场存放,有效地降低了因材料酸性和颗粒较细及岩溶地质条件所带来的安全与环保风险。本文还详细论述了堆场内的调节池设计要点,与湿堆尾矿库(渣场)相比,调节池位于拦渣坝前,利用堆场库区库容,投资节省巨大。     

宝钢烧结烟气脱硫石膏质量控制及资源化利用

烧结烟气脱硫石膏的质量是石膏综合利用的关键因素之一.介绍了宝钢烧结烟气脱硫石膏的特性,分析了石膏质量的影响因素和控制措施,提出了烧结烟气脱硫石膏资源化的利用途径和注意事项.     

氧化镁法与石灰-石膏法烟气脱硫技术的适用性分析

文章从工艺设计参数、脱硫剂消耗量、工艺用水量、泥饼外排量及综合利用、工艺设备及投资成本、运行成本6方面比较了氧化镁法及石灰石/石灰法-石膏法烟气脱硫技术。石灰石/石灰法-石膏法是目前脱硫工程的主流技术,工艺技术成熟,氧化镁法投资成本及运行成本较低,逐渐得到广泛应用。     

工业副产石膏—钛石膏的现状及综合利用前景

针对我国钛白粉行业产生的固废—钛石膏存量大,每年还有近3 000万t产出量的问题,分析了现有利用途径及其不足,提出了大规模综合利用的思路及工艺方向。认为:将钛石膏经过压滤或煅烧,使其表面含水不超过20%;通过二次煅烧生成Ⅱ型无水石膏(硬石膏);以Ⅱ型无水石膏为熟料生产超硫酸盐水泥,将固废—钛石膏变为资源,生产超硫酸盐水泥才能真正实现大规模化综合利用的目的。     

含钨氟石膏渣综合利用研究

氟石膏渣目前主要是作为工业废渣应用于建筑行业,价值不高。试验研究了含钨氟石膏渣的综合利用处理,采用冶炼分离技术,回收氟石膏渣中的钨,得到人造白钨产品,同时将硫酸钙转变为价值较高的硫酸铵和轻质碳酸钙产品。研究结论既为含钨氟石膏渣的综合利用开辟了一条新的渠道,又为含钨萤石选冶联合处理的可能性提供了依据。     

烟气脱硫石膏综合利用技术研究与展望

介绍了烟气脱硫石膏的来源与性能,针对国内外脱硫石膏的排放状况和综合利用研究现状,分析了我国脱硫石膏综合利用中存在的问题和障碍,提出了建议。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)