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针对NaNO2敏化的传统乳化炸药存在的爆炸威力低和压力减敏问题,研制出了MgH2型储氢乳化炸药。该炸药使用储氢材料MgH2敏化,MgH2在乳化炸药中起到了敏化剂和含能材料的双重作用。在炸药爆炸过程中MgH2参与爆轰反应,提高了乳化炸药的爆炸威力;当炸药受到外界压力作用时,MgH2受压会释放出H2,从而减弱敏化作用的破坏。水下爆炸和冲击波动压作用实验结果表明:与传统NaNO2型乳化炸药相比,MgH2型储氢乳化炸药具有优异的爆轰性能和抗压力减敏能力。最后,通过扫描电镜研究2种乳化炸药受压前后微观结构的变化,探讨MgH2型储氢乳化炸药抗压力减敏机理。 相似文献
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文中分析了爆炸应力波作用致使乳化炸药钝化的原因,通过电爆炸冲击加载实验验证认为,持续数百微秒的冲击波作用,即可使乳化基质的结构发生不可逆的破损,因此,延期爆破中造成乳化炸药受压降敏的主要原因是乳状液结构的破坏,其次是敏化功能的减弱或丧失。 相似文献
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采用主发乳化炸药药包在水中爆炸产生水中冲击波,次发乳化炸药包在水中冲击波压力作用下进行延时引爆,观察次发药包的爆炸性质。试验结果表明:当水中冲击波压力达到一定强度时,次发起爆的乳化炸药将产生压死、拒爆现象。文中分析了产生拒爆的原因。 相似文献
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S. V. Muchnik 《Journal of Mining Science》1998,34(3):230-241
Conclusions Coefficients that characterize the relative compression of the substance in the CJ plane and on the shock front of the detonation
wave are found by means of Eqs. (8).
For a specific explosive, the state of the substance on the shock front of the detonation wave depends on the initial density
(specific volume) of the charge of explosive and obeys adiabatic law (27) with adiabatic exponent (26).
Accordingly, the differences between individual explosives of the CaHbOcNd type with respect to detonation velocity (36), mass velocity (38) and (39), and pressure (40) and (41) in the CJ plane and
on the shock front of the detonation wave are determined mainly by the density of the single crystal of the corresponding
explosive and its detonative heat of explosion.
For individual explosives of the given type, detonative heat of explosion reaches its maximum at the maximum density of the
charge (the maximum density of the single crystal). The corresponding values for ten explosives are shown in Table 1. A decrease
in charge density is accompanied by a decrease in heat of explosion in accordance with law (37) and an increase in the importance
of the thermal effect of the deflagration reactions, which are highly sensitive to the blasting conditions.
Mining Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki
Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 52–65, May–June, 1998. 相似文献
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S. V. Muchnik 《Journal of Mining Science》1999,35(2):160-171
The detonation of individual solid explosives of CaHbOcNd type is described by introducing the concept of a nonthermal potential as the sum of several types of energy—chemical energy,
elastic compression, the electron state of the molecules, and the kinetic energy of the flux. Graphs of the variation in the
nonthermal potential and the internal energy of the substance, the kinetic energy of the flux, and the pressure in the head
region of the detonation wave right up to the Chapman-Jouguet plane are plotted. The relations between the various types of
works performed at the shock front are calculated.
Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnichskie Problemy
Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 60–71, March–April, 1999. 相似文献
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