结合SURF特征的多功能彩色图像水印算法

针对目前大多数水印算法功能较单一,提出了一种可以同时进行版权保护和内容认证的多功能彩色图像双水印算法。首先,将原始图像由RGB空间转换到YUV空间,提取亮度分量的SURF（speeded up robust feature）特征点,根据特征点的主方向构造描述向量并将其拆分为两个子向量,分别计算它们与一个参考向量之间的余弦夹角,通过比较夹角的大小关系来构造鲁棒零水印序列;然后对原始图像进行2×2分块,对子图像块奇异值范数进行异或运算来产生脆弱水印信息,并将其嵌入至图像空域的最低有效位。版权归属鉴定时通过计算原始鲁棒零水印序列和从待检测图像中提取的水印序列之间的BCR（bit correct rates）相关系数作为鉴定的依据,内容认证时通过比较图像最低有效位和脆弱水印信息是否一致来实现篡改的检测和定位。实验结果表明,本文算法具有良好的透明性和较高的计算效率,同时具备版权保护和内容认证的双重功能。     

基于支持向量机和混沌序列的空域图像双水印

为解决图像同时具有版权保护和内容认证需求问题,提出了一种基于支持向量机的鲁棒水印和混沌序列与LSB相结合的脆弱水印的双重图像水印算法.利用图像邻域像素之间的相关性,通过训练回归型支持向量机模型实现鲁棒水印图像嵌入或提取操作.然后,再将已嵌入鲁棒水印的载体图像用最低有效位和混沌序列相结合的方法嵌入基于载体图像内容的脆弱水印.实验结果表明,该算法同时实现了图像的版权保护和内容篡改定位,提高了水印系统的安全性.     

基于小波包分析的数字音频双水印算法

基于零水印概念设计的鲁棒水印能够对音频作品进行版权保护;采用均值量化分块嵌入的半脆弱水印,可以对音频作品进行内容认证,此过程中的二维图像块不需要转换为一维序列,有别于以往算法中图像变维并一次嵌入的方法。     

一种新颖的音频双水印算法

论文提出一种既能对音频作品进行版权保护又能对其进行内容认证的音频双水印算法。首先对音频信号进行整数小波分解,然后对低频系数运用零水印技术构造鲁棒水印,达到对音频作品进行版权保护的目的。同时对整数小波分解后的高频系数进行量化处理生成脆弱水印,达到对音频作品进行内容认证的目的。实验表明,双水印系统中的鲁棒水印对常见的音频水印攻击具有较强的鲁棒性,脆弱水印对滤波等常见的信息处理具有很强的敏感性。     

一种新颖的复合型盲水印算法

针对很多数字水印设计方案都是单水印嵌入的状况,提出了一种新的复合型图像水印技术。在图像作品里同时嵌入鲁棒水印和脆弱水印。这样,既对图像作品进行了版权保护,又能知道作品内容是否被篡改,实现了版权保护和内容认证的双重功能。两种水印的提取和检测工作都不需要原始图像就可以完成,是一种盲水印算法。仿真实验表明,该算法比较有效,具有很好的应用前景。     

基于混合变换域的数字音频双水印算法

结合DWT和DCT算法的特点,提出一种在同一音频作品中加入稳健水印和易损水印的多水印算法,对音频信号变换域的低频系数运用零水印算法生成鲁棒水印,完成版权保护;然后对高频系数量化生成脆弱水印,完成内容认证.实验表明:通过计算提取的易损水印,易对音频信号的原始性作出结论,而提取出的稳健水印对诸如滤波、重采样、加噪等攻击表现出良好的稳健性,具有保护版权的功能.     

基于小波包分析的数字音频双水印算法

针对以往双水印算法鲁棒性不高和定位不准确的问题,提出一种基于小波包分析的数字音频双水印算法。算法对原始音频信号进行小波包分解,在得到的低频系数和中低频系数中嵌入零水印和半脆弱水印。改进的零水印算法鲁棒性有了很大的提高,能更好地完成音频信号的版权保护;对中低频系数采用量化的方法嵌入二值水印图像,有别于以往算法需将二维图像转换为一维序列,不会对零水印的提取产生影响。该方法对一系列常规处理和幅度缩放都有较好的鲁棒性,不但能确定水印图像遭恶意篡改的位置,而且能够定位原始载体音频的篡改位置,真正实现了对音频信号的内容认证。     

基于DWT和DCT的自适应双重音频水印

针对数字音频版权保护和内容认证的问题, 提出了一种用于版权保护和内容认证的自适应双重音频水印算法。算法对每段原始音频信号进行离散小波变换和离散余弦变换, 分别提取混合变换域的低频系数和中低频系数作为水印的构造和嵌入域, 利用音频载体的统计特性自适应地构造零水印和嵌入半脆弱水印, 实现音频版权保护和内容认证。实验结果表明, 该算法的不可感知性很好, 在抵抗多种攻击时具有良好的鲁棒性, 并且能够对恶意窜改进行定位。     

基于矢量量化的多用途数字水印算法

本文提出了一种基于矢量量化的数字水印算法,它同时实现了图像认证和版权保护;首先应用Arnold变换将待嵌入的鲁棒水印信息和半脆弱水印信息加密,然后应用矢量量化技术将鲁棒水印和半脆弱水印分别嵌入到恰当的DWT系数中,并可以盲提取.实验结果表明,该算法同时具有较好的鲁棒性和脆弱性.     

空域彩色图像鲁棒零水印算法

针对传统变换域水印算法往往通过修改变换域系数来嵌入水印信号,影响图像不可感知性的问题,利用载体图像整体均值与分块均值之间大小关系的稳定性,提出一种新的空域彩色图像鲁棒零水印算法。算法直接在空域通过整体图像均值与分块均值之间的关系构造特征矩阵,之后将此特征矩阵与预处理后的水印信息进行异或运算构造零水印信息,预处理之后再注册到知识产权数据库里。提取水印信息时,通过投票策略得到最终提取的水印信息。大量的仿真实验结果表明,该算法对常规的信号处理攻击、行列平移、尺寸缩放和旋转等几何攻击具有较强的鲁棒性。与相似的鲁棒水印算法相比,对于大多数的攻击,该算法具有更优越的性能。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。