肤色信息在人脸检测中的应用

基于肤色信息的人脸检测方法能快速获得所有可能的候选人脸,把经过光线补偿处理后的彩色图像从RGB转换到YCbCr色彩空间,根据实验获得的最佳阈值进行肤色分割,快速获得所有可能的候选人脸。对候选人脸作形态学处理及人脸区域标定,最终确定人脸区域。实验结果表明,基于肤色的人脸检测方法能快速的区分人脸区域和背景区域,将人脸区域标定在一个白色的矩形框内,具有良好的检测效果。     

一种基于肤色和模板匹配的人脸检测方法

提出了一种基于肤色分割和模板匹配相结合的人脸检测算法.首先利用rgb色彩空间下的人脸肤色模型,对人脸图像进行肤色分割;针对图像中存在的多个肤色区域连接在一起的问题,采用SUSAN算子提取区域的边界,将连接的肤色区域分开;根据肤色区域的形状特征和欧拉数筛选人脸候选区域;最后利用建立的人脸模板和一种改进的混合匹配准则,对候选人脸区域进行匹配识别.实验结果表明,该方法能较好地从复杂背景中检测出人脸.     

基于肤色特征的人脸检测技术研究

文章提出一种多人脸图像中人脸检测与定位方法,将图像从RGB色彩空间转换到YCrCb色彩空间中,根据肤色点在CrCb空间中的分布情况进行肤色点检测,并滤除肤色检测后的孤立噪声,利用势函数方法获得人脸候选区域。然后,根据人脸的结构特征对候选区域进行人脸区域的判别和定位,最终实现图像中多人脸的检测功能,并通过仿真实验证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于人脸特征和AdaBoost算法的多姿态人脸检测

基于人脸特征和AdaBoost算法,提出一种改进的多姿态人脸检测算法。首先利用肤色特征快速排除绝大部分背景区域,然后在肤色区域中搜索眼睛和嘴巴区域,根据眼睛和嘴巴区域的几何特征所确定的人脸方向分割出大致正向的人脸候选区域,最后利用AdaBoost算法对候选区域进行分类。实验表明,算法能实现多姿态人脸的快速检测,而且对脸部表情和遮挡有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于肤色模型和中线定位的人脸检测算法

由于外貌、肤色、表情等不同,会导致较高的人脸检测漏检率和误检率。为此,提出一种基于肤色模型和中线定位的多姿态人脸检测算法。利用肤色特征快速排除大部分背景区域,根据人脸的显性特征分割出人脸候选区域,并对边缘检测后的图像进行投影,使用中线定位法实现多姿态人脸的检测与定位。实验结果表明,该算法能实现多姿态人脸的快速检测,黑发单个人脸检测的检测率达93.3%,鲁棒性较强。     

基于肤色分割的人脸检测算法研究

提出一种自适应光照补偿算法对图像进行补偿,根据肤色点在YCbCr色彩空间中的聚类性分别建立了肤色的区域模型和简单高斯模型,利用区域模型分割结果消除高斯似然图中类人脸的影响,采用自适应阈值对图像进行肤色分割,得到肤色候选区域.对分割出来的二值图像进行形态学处理后用基于先验知识的检测算法对肤色候选区域进行筛选,确定出人脸的位置.实验结果表明,提出的方法综合检测效果好.     

基于肤色和AdaBoost算法的彩色人脸图像检测

针对肤色检测对复杂背景下的图像误检率高和AdaBoost算法对多姿态、多人脸图像检测效果不理想的问题,将基于肤色的人脸检测与基于AdaBoost算法的人脸检测结合起来,提出一种新的人脸检测方法,即首先利用肤色和形态学操作分割肤色区域,再根据人脸区域的统计特性筛选出人脸候选区域,然后用AdaBoost级联分类器对候选区域扫描,以精确定位人脸.实验表明,该方法同时具有肤色检测正确率高与AdaBoost算法误检率低的优点,可以有效地运用于多姿态、多人脸和复杂背景的情况,具有较好的检测效果.     

基于肤色模型和FloatBoost的多姿态人脸检测

多姿态人脸检测是人脸识别系统必须解决的关键问题之一。利用光照鲁棒的肤色模型来搜索待检图像的可能人脸区域并进行肤色分割,结合分割区域的几何信息确定最终的候选人脸区域,然后对人脸的关键特征进行定位,按规则计算重要特征块的中心,将这些中心点确定的符合条件的候选区域利用FloatBoost进行分类,最终实现了快速准确的多姿态人脸检测。     

实时视频中的快速人脸检测方法

提出一种实时视频中的快速人脸检测方法。采用DirectShow获取和回放视频帧,进行前处理。对所得彩色图像进行肤色分割,通过肤色的统计特性得到人脸候选区域,将该区域设置为感兴趣区域。运用基于局部扫描的AdaBoost算法对每个感兴趣区域进行检测。实验结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

基于轮廓信息的人脸检测

针对彩色图像提出了一种基于肤色模型、脸部轮廓信息以及眼睛特征的人脸检测算法.采用基于YCbCr色彩空间的肤色分割模型,初步筛选人脸的候选区域;在此基础上进行边缘检测,获得人脸轮廓信息,并利用遗传算法拟合脸部的椭圆;在椭圆的水平方向根据眼睛的几何特征来检测"眼睛对",再根据"三停五眼"来定位人脸,并利用左右对称性验证人脸.实验表明,该算法对于彩色图像的正面人脸检测具有良好的效果.     

Skin cancer extraction with optimum fuzzy thresholding technique

This paper discusses a new approach to segment different types of skin cancers using fuzzy logic approach. The traditional skin cancer segmentation involves the analysis of image features to delineate the cancerous region from the normal skin. Using low level features such as colour and intensity, segmentation can be done by obtaining a threshold level to separate the two regions. Methods like Otsu optimisation provide a quick and simple process to optimise such threshold level; however this process is prone to the lighting and skin tone variations. Fuzzy clustering algorithm has also been widely used in image processing due to its ability to model the fuzziness of human visual perception. Classical fuzzy C means (FCM) clustering algorithm has been applied to image segmentation with good results; however, the classical FCM is based on type-1 fuzzy sets and is unable to handle uncertainties in the images. In this paper, we proposed an optimum threshold segmentation algorithm based on type-2 fuzzy sets algorithms to delineate the cancerous area from the skin images. By using the 3D colour constancy algorithm, the effect of colour changes and shadows due to skin tone variation in the image can be significantly reduced in the preprocessing stage. We applied the optimum thresholding technique to the preprocessed image over the RGB channels, and combined individual results to achieve the overall skin cancer segmentation. Compared to the Otsu algorithm, the proposed method is less affected by the shadows and skin tone variations. The results also showed more tolerance at the boundary of the cancerous area. Compared with the type-1 FCM algorithm, the proposed method significantly reduced the segmentation error at the normal skin regions.     

复杂背景下的多姿态人眼定位

针对彩色图像中人脸在复杂背景及多姿态下眼睛定位困难的情况,提出了一种基于肤色分割与Gabor滤波的人眼定位方法。首先采用粒子群算法优化改进的最大类间方差(Otsu)对图像进行肤色分割,找到人脸的候选区域;然后构造Gabor滤波器对候选区域进行滤波;最后经过灰度投影得到眼睛的精确位置。仿真结果表明,该分割算法在复杂背景和多姿态情况下的人眼定位中有明显优势,对于现实环境中的人脸识别有重要意义。     

Hallucinating Compressed Face Images

A face hallucination algorithm is proposed to generate high-resolution images from JPEG compressed low-resolution inputs by decomposing a deblocked face image into structural regions such as facial components and non-structural regions like the background. For structural regions, landmarks are used to retrieve adequate high-resolution component exemplars in a large dataset based on the estimated head pose and illumination condition. For non-structural regions, an efficient generic super resolution algorithm is applied to generate high-resolution counterparts. Two sets of gradient maps extracted from these two regions are combined to guide an optimization process of generating the hallucination image. Numerous experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs favorably against the state-of-the-art hallucination methods on JPEG compressed face images with different poses, expressions, and illumination conditions.     

针对机动车驾驶员的人脸检测方法

为了正确检测人脸区域、提高驾驶室内光照不足情况下人脸检测与定位方法的准确性和实时性,采用了肤色聚类的人脸检测方法,利用肤色聚类性将彩色图像分割成皮肤区和非皮肤区。同时,提出一种基于多尺度Retinex算法的改进算法,其能够在人脸检测之前对图像进行光照补偿处理。将改进后的算法应用到新建立的人脸图像库中进行仿真实验,并与传统的肤色聚类人脸检测方法进行对比,其正确率提高了4.7%。实验结果表明:改进后的肤色聚类人脸检测算法可实现对不同光照变化和旋转角度的人脸进行检测,且具有很强的实用价值。     

基于肤色分割和AdaBoost算法的彩色图像的人脸检测

文章提出了肤色分割和AdaBoost算法结合的人脸检测算法。首先,对彩色图像进行肤色分割,通过人脸肤色的统计特征得到候选人脸区域：然后,基于AdaBoost算法,使用由强分类器组成的级联分类器对候选人脸区域进行扫描,最终得到精确定位的人脸。实验证明,该方法具有肤色检测快速和AdaBoost算法误检率低的优点,可以有效的运用于多姿态、多人脸和复杂背景的情况。     

智能访客系统中的人脸检测及方向判别算法

提出了一种用于智能访客系统的人脸检测及人脸方向自动识别的算法.算法首先利用皮肤颜色过滤法和背景去除技术提取出类似皮肤的区域,再利用区域填充和基于高度落差的方法将人脸分割出来,最后,利用人眼的位置信息确定人脸方向.实验结果证明了此算法的可行性和实时性.     

一种光照不变人脸识别的预处理算法

提出了一种新的光照不变人脸识别的图像预处理算法称为分段局部归一化方法(SLN)。其思想是对图像像素分段,使得每段中各像素对应的物体表面点具有相近的表面法向量分布,因而对光源具有相似的灰度响应,然后局部归一化在各段中进行以削弱光照影响。该算法首先建立物体的朗伯(Lambert)表面反射模型,用奇异值分解方法估计出人脸形状的平均表面法向量分布矩阵,根据法向量方向利用聚类算法对像素进行分段,然后在各段中进行局部的像素归一化处理,最后传统的人脸识别算法如PCA在归一化后的图像中进行。在Harvard和YaleB人脸图像库中的识别试验表明,该算法能有效地提高在非均匀光照条件下的人脸识别率。     

基于HSV色彩空间的自适应肤色检测

针对复杂背景彩色图像提出了一种基于HSV色彩空间的自适应肤色检测算法。该算法首先使用阈值在HSV空间对人体肤色区域进行肤色分割,然后对分割出的肤色区域使用相对重要性滤波和自适应区域归并,最后将归并后的肤色区域使用人眼定位进行验证,将多人脸检测转化为单人脸检测。实验结果表明,该算法复杂度较小,对光照变化具有很好的鲁棒性。     

Effective detection of exposed target regions based on deep learning from multimedia data

With the development of high-performance visual sensors, it has been very easy to obtain a variety of image data. Of these image data, human face regions contain personal information to distinguish one from the others. Therefore, it is important to accurately detect unhidden face regions from an input image. This paper proposes a method of robustly detecting human face regions from an input color image with the use of a deep learning algorithm, one of the machine learning algorithms. The proposed method first transforms the RGB color model of an input image to the YC_bC_r color model, and then removes other regions than face regions to segment skin regions with the use of the pre-learned elliptical skin color distribution model. Subsequently, a CNN model-based deep learning algorithm was applied to robustly detect human face regions from the detected skin regions in the previous step. As a result, the proposed method segments face regions more efficiently than an existing method. The face region detection method proposed in this paper is expected to be usefully applied to practical areas related to multimedia data processing, such as video surveillance, target blocking, image security, visual data analysis, and object recognition and tracking.

     

Face localization using fuzzy classifier with wavelet-localized focus color features and shape features

This paper proposes a new fuzzy classifier (FC)-based face localization approach. The FC used is a self-organizing TS-type fuzzy network with support vector learning (SOTFN-SV). The SOTFN-SV learns consequent parameters using a linear support vector machine to improve generalization ability. The FC is first applied to segment human skin pixels in scaled hue and saturation (hS) color space, after which connected skin-color regions are regarded as face candidates. The FC is then applied to detect and localize faces from the candidates. The proposed FC-based face localization approach uses shape and wavelet-localized focus color features. A best fitting ellipse of each face candidate is found to obtain shape features. Focus color features are extracted from four focus regions, including the two eyes, the mouth, and the face skin-color region. To find these focus color regions, the Haar-wavelet transformation is first applied to the face candidates in the YCb color space to localize all possible pairs of eye candidates. The mouth region is then localized according to its geometric relationship with the eyes. The hS color features of the located eyes, mouth, and face skin are extracted. These focus color features, together with shape features, serve as inputs to another FC for final face localization. Comparisons with various classifiers and face detection methods demonstrate the advantage of the FC-based skin color segmentation and face localization method.