A transportable extendable compiler

This report describes the development of a transportable extendable self-compiler for the language SIMPL-T. SIMPL-T is designed as the base language for a family of languages. The structure of the SIMPL-T compiler and its transportable bootstrap are described. In addition, the procedures for generating a compiler for a new machine and for boot-strapping the new compiler on to the new machine are demonstrated.     

An optimizing compiler for the icon programming language

Compiling code for the Icon programming language presents several challenges, particularly in dealing with types and goal-directed expression evaluation. In order to produce optimized code, it is necessary for the compiler to know much more about operations than is necessary for the compilation of most programming languages. This paper describes the organization of the Icon compiler and the way it acquires and maintains information about operations. The Icon compiler generates C code, which makes it portable to a wide variety of platforms and also allows the use of existing C compilers for performing routine optimizations on the final code. A specially designed implementation language, which is a superset of C, is used for writing Icon's run-time system. This language allows the inclusion of information about the abstract semantics of Icon operations and their type-checking and conversion requirements. A translator converts code written in the run-time language to C code to provide an object library for linking with the code produced by the Icon compiler. The translation process also automatically produces a database that contains the information the Icon compiler needs to generate and optimize code. This approach allows easy extension of Icon's computational repertoire, alternate computational extensions, and cross compilation.     

A visual language compiler

The SIL-ICON compiler is a software system for the specification, interpretation, prototyping, and generation of icon-oriented systems. The system design of the SIL-ICON compiler is presented. The icon system G, the icon dictionary ID, the operator dictionary OD, and the extended task action grammar ETAG are described. An application example to design a text editor using the Heidelberg icon set is also presented in detail     

Integrating discrete controller synthesis into a reactive programming language compiler

We define a mixed imperative/declarative programming language: declarative contracts are enforced upon imperatively described behaviors. This paper describes the semantics of the language, making use of the notion of Discrete Controller Synthesis (DCS). We target the application domain of adaptive and reconfigurable systems: our language can serve programming closed-loop adaptation controllers, enabling flexible execution of functionalities w.r.t. changing resource and environment conditions. DCS is integrated into a1 programming language compiler, which facilitates its use by users and programmers, performing executable code generation. The tool is concretely built upon the basis of a reactive programming language compiler, where the nodes describe behaviors that can be modeled in terms of transition systems. Our compiler integrates this with a DCS tool, making it a new environment for formal methods. We define the trace semantics of our contracts language, describe its compilation and establish its correctness, and discuss implementation and examples.     

Optimizing compiler for the procedural subset of the algebraic programming language of the APS system

Conclusion An L2B-L2C optimizing compiler has been developed for compiling the procedural subset of the interpreted untyped language APLAN of the algebraic programming system APS into C. Controlled automatic compiling of procedures is regarded as a technological step toward efficient solution of problems in an algebraic programming environment. A distinctive feature of the compiler is that optimization is initiated by the user and relies on hierarchical algebraic specifications. If no specifications are present, the system guarantees compilation consistent with common APLAN semantics. The compiler is formally described on two levels. On the architectural level, we describe the general structure of the compiling process. The main data structures used for optimization are dictionaires of algebraic program components and expression type arrays. The semantic level of multialternative compiling of language constructs is represented in the language of relationships with selection of an appropriate translation alternative. The implementation of the proposed compiler requires a flexible support environment, which allows nonhomogeneous processing of an extended source language, in particular construction of static and dynamic information environments, compilation of the procedural part, and also analysis of the compiling environment, definition of the set of translations of procedural constructs, and selection of the best translation alternative for each particular case. An implementation of the proposed compiler is described in [13]. Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 6, pp. 3–16, November–December, 1995.     

G(o)del语言类型系统

G(o)del语言是一种说明性逻辑程序设计语言.该语言基于一阶逻辑,引入了一个多态多类的类型系统和多种新的语言成分,支持抽象数据类型和模块化程序设计等技术,语言本身也具有很强的说明性语义.详细介绍了G(o)del语言的类型系统及其构造,对在逻辑程序设计语言中引入类型系统的作用进行了一些深入的分析和讨论.     

TRUMP: A transportable language understanding program

Transportability has perpetually been the nemesis of natural language processing systems, in both the research and commercial sectors. During the last 20 years, the technology has not moved much closer to providing robust coverage of everyday language, and has failed to produce commercial successes beyond a few specialized interfaces and application programs. the redesign required for each application has limited the impact of natural language systems. Trump (TRansportable Understanding Mechanism Package) is a natural language analyzer that functions in a variety of domains, in both interfaces and text processing. While other similar efforts have treated transportability as a problem in knowledge engineering, Trump instead relies mainly on a “core” of knowledge about language and a set of techniques for applying that knowledge within a domain. the information about words, word meanings, and linguistic relations in this generic knowledge base guides the conceptual framework of language interpretation in each domain. Turmp uses this core knowledge to piece together a conceptual representation of a natural language input by combining generic and specialized inforamtion. the result has been a language processing system that is capable of performing fairly extensive analysis with a minimum of customization for each application.     

A transportable authoring system

The technical transfer or CALCHEM material, a blend of laboratory and tutorial CAL in Chemistry, is commonly accomplished by movement from one computer system to another with little or no change (i.e. by transport) even though most of the programs are written in a “non-standard” language. A significant proportion of CAL activity genuinely needs special purpose CAL systems oriented towards the use of computers as an educational aid. Such systems provide facilities not immediately available in standard languages such as FORTRAN and BASIC. They can also aid the transfer of educational material.     

Goedel语言类型系统

Goedel语言是一种说明性逻辑程序设计语言。该语言基于一阶逻辑，引入了一个多态多类的类型系统和多种新的语言成分，支持抽象数据类型和模块化程序设计等技术，语言本身也具有很强的说明性语义。详细介绍了Goedel语言的类型系统及其构造，对在逻辑程序设计语言中引入类型系统的作用进行了一些深入的分析和讨论。     

A visual language compiler for information retrieval by visualreasoning

When a database increases in size, retrieving the data becomes a major problem. An approach based on data visualization and visual reasoning is described. The main idea is to transform the data objects and present sample data objects in a visual space. The user can use a visual language to incrementally formulate the information retrieval request in the visual space. A prototype system is described with the following features: (1) it is built on top of the SIL-ICON visual language compiler and therefore can be customized for different application domains; (2) it supports a fuzzy icon grammar to define reasonable visual sentences; (3) it incorporates a semantic model of the database for fuzzy visual query translation; and (4) it incorporates a VisualNet which stores the knowledge learned by the system in its interaction with the user so that the VisualReasoner can adapt its behavior     

A Transportable Programming Language (TPL) System. I. overview

A Transportable Programming Language, TPL, is defined as one that can be used to codeany program that will compile and correctly execute onany machine in a designated range. The range specifies only the minimum software and hardware needed to support the TPL. A HLL-TPL System is one that, in addition to supporting the TPL, can be used to transport any program coded in a dialect of the High-Level Language, HLL, so that it will compile and correctly execute on any machine in a designated range.Methods of implementing a HLL-TPL System are reviewed and it is demonstrated that theSuperset Method, in which the Hypothetical Parent of the HLL (HPHLL) acts as the intermediate language between the dialects of a HLL, leads to a fully transportable High-Level Language—the HPHLL—whose only parameters are: The amount of memory available; and the maximum module size exclusive of arrays. The ongoing work to realize a production version of the FORTRAN-TPL system is described. Its essential characteristic is a fully transportable bifunctional FORTRAN-TPL compiler that converts a dialect of FORTRAN to the intermediate language, HPFORTRAN, and visa-versa.     

A portable storage management system for the icon programming language

Icon is a new programming language designed primarily for non-numerical applications. Its roots are in SNOBOL4 and SL5; as in those languages, execution-time flexibility is an important attribute of Icon, although some aspects of programs are bound at compile time to improve efficiency. Icon, which is implemented in Ratfor, is also intended to be portable and suitable for 16-bit computers. The storage management system in Icon is designed to meet the goals of portability, flexibility and efficiency. This is accomplished by subdividing the storage management system into a set of type-specific storage management subsystems. This paper describes the implementation of these subsystems, their interaction, and their performance.     

Design of an arabic programming language (ARABLAN)

It was observed that school children in Arab countries find difficulty in learning programming in a language other than their native language. There are only few Arabic programming languages in the literature; most of which are never or partially implemented. In this paper, we present the design of a new Arabic programming language (ARABLAN) which is planned to be implemented for use in teaching programming for school children in Arab countries.     

Current issues in programming language standardisation: II

This paper looks at issues of standardisation in the general field of programming languages as current at September 1983.