Formal Analysis of Dynamics within Philosophy of Mind by Computer Simulation

Computer simulations can be useful tools to support philosophers in validating their theories, especially when these theories concern phenomena showing nontrivial dynamics. Such theories are usually informal, whilst for computer simulation a formally described model is needed. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to gradually formalise philosophical theories in terms of logically formalised dynamic properties. One outcome of this process is an executable logic-based temporal specification, which within a dedicated software environment can be used as a simulation model to perform simulations. This specification provides a logical formalisation at the lowest aggregation level of the basic mechanisms underlying a process. In addition, dynamic properties at a higher aggregation level that may emerge from the mechanisms specified by the lower level properties, can be specified. Software tools are available to support specification, and to automatically check such higher level properties against the lower level properties and against generated simulation traces. As an illustration, three case studies are discussed showing successful applications of the approach to formalise and analyse, among others, Clark’s theory on extended mind, Damasio’s theory on core consciousness, and Dennett’s perspective on intertemporal decision making and altruism.     

Timothy R. Colburn,Philosophy and Computer Science

Minds and Machines -     

军用计算机概念及发展过程 (下)

2.5军用规范计算机全军用型产品也叫先天加固产品(全军用型),如果加固型产品是选用合乎要求的商用产品进行加固处理,使商用机在恶劣环境中能正常工作,则称为后天加固产品(加固型)。在20世纪80年代前,三军使用的几乎全部是全军用型规范机,即使今天,海军、空军的装备中仍以军用规范机为主。例如:美海军使用的HAWK/32军用规范机,由ROLM公司开发用于TrideneII(D-S)导弹分系统及三叉戟潜艇,HAWK/32首选满足AN/MIL-STD-1815A的规范要求,并对Ada全部支持。空军的E-2C飞机Litton系统公司的OL-77/ASQ计算机,并有2台L-304处理机,它用战…     

军用计算机概念及发展过程(上)

综述了军用计算机的发展过程和国内外现状,简单介绍了军用计算机的编程语言以及军用计算机的发展趋势。其中关于几个阶段的的划分仅供参考,以期引起相关讨论。     

计算机科学中的几个泛系关系(二)--面向对象程序设计中的继承关系

本文从泛系的角度探讨了面向对象程序设计中继承关系的引入,对继承关系进行了泛系分析;然后讨论了伴随继承关系而产生的几个泛系模拟关系。     

思维导图在计算机原理教学中的应用

介绍了思维导图的基本知识,指出了思维导图在教学中的作用,结合计算机原理课程的特点,详细阐述了思维导图在计算机原理教学中的具体应用。实践证明,在教学中引入思维导图的理念和方法,可以极大地激发和提升学生的学习潜能,有效地促进课堂教学效率和质量的提高。     

墨子哲学思想中现代设计理念的探究

在春秋战国时期的诸子百家中,墨子及其墨家可谓是与众不同,他的思想有着超越时空的进步因素。墨子思想在意识形态层面上表现出的民主性、革命创新性和主观能动性以及内容方面表现出的实用性、经济性、规范化和科技性和现代设计都有很强的相似性。     

Abstraction in Computer Science

We characterize abstraction in computer science by first comparing the fundamental nature of computer science with that of its cousin mathematics. We consider their primary products, use of formalism, and abstraction objectives, and find that the two disciplines are sharply distinguished. Mathematics, being primarily concerned with developing inference structures, has information neglect as its abstraction objective. Computer science, being primarily concerned with developing interaction patterns, has information hiding as its abstraction objective. We show that abstraction through information hiding is a primary factor in computer science progress and success through an examination of the ubiquitous role of information hiding in programming languages, operating systems, network architecture, and design patterns.     

George Graham,Philosophy of Mind: An Introduction

Minds and Machines -     

Josephus问题分析与探讨

Josephus问题是一个经典的递归问题。本文从问题的编程解决入手，提出静态数组、环链表、递归等3种解题方案。本文还对问题作进一步分析，考虑解的稳定点,最后提出一个优化方案，将问题的解决归约到一个较小的规模。     

计算机在材料科学中的应用

介绍计算机技术在材料科学研究中应用领域。探讨计算机在材料科学研究领域中的具体应用。借助于计算机可推动材料研究、开发与应用。