An Interactive Shell for Batch Programs

Many programs have been and are currently being developed in which the input files or associated data bases must be produced independently of the main program. This article describes two programs which are used to develop an interactive, menu-driven system of input prompts which is then used to create and maintain information files for other programs. The two program system provides an easy method to develop well-structured, interactive input programs without the high development costs required to write original code. Graphics can be developed for any input screen and a command language can be specified for data output. Two examples are provided to present an overview of the system.     

应急消防救援装备管理系统设计

建立基于图文交互技术的应急消防救援装备管理系统,提高应急装备的信息化管理水平。根据系统的整体建设目标提出了功能架构;通过文本生成方法,自动为可视化图表添加文字描述,增强用户对数据的理解;在文本中嵌入迷你图,链接文本和可视化图表两种表现形式,实现交互式数据分析报告,从而帮助用户进行数据的可视化探索。以某消防装备统计为例,对基于图文交互技术的应急消防救援装备管理系统进行交互式报告应用验证,结果表明文本和可视化相结合能互相丰富,增强用户理解数据的能力。     

基于PKPM的建筑工程概预算工程量统计软件

简要介绍了ＰＫＰＭ系列软件中建筑工程概预算软件ＳＴＡＴ研制的关键技术、主要功能及特点。该软件利用ＰＫＰＭ设计数据，并提供图形交互建模工具，在与定额库有机结合下实现工程量自动统计。后续将接口各地区定额完成概预算及报表。     

Interactive Craphical Input—Output Systems tor FEM Plate Bending Programs

Abstract: When supplying finite element model (FEM) plate bending programs with a full-range interactive graphical input-output system several graphical problems have to be solved. How can vectors and matrices be found to describe the topology of a figure defined by drawing lines on the screen? How can the information arrays of finite elements be built up when the mesh is given as a set of lines drawn on a screen? What specialities characterise the visualisation processes, in the case of level line figures, pictures according to three-dimensional visibility, or unfolded cross-sections? Solutions to some of the most interesting problems will be introduced here.     

Computer-Aided Design of Trusses Using TURBO PASCAL

This article presents interactive microcomputer-aided design (MicroCAD) of steel plane trusses. A menu-driven graphic-based MicroCAD system has been developed for interactive analysis and design of statically determinate and indeterminate steel trusses using TURBO PASCAL Version 3.0 on an IBM PC with 256K of random access memory (RAM), called TRUSS2P. TRUSS2P makes extensive use of computer graphics for showing various configurations of the truss with or without joint numbering, member numbering, loading, member type numbering, cross sections of the members, and its deformed configuration under various loading conditions. Graphic manipulation capabilities of TRUSS2P are zooming, panning, scaling, rotating, shrinking, and expanding. Among the features of TRUSS2P are on-line input modification capability, modify input menus, input error check, and automatic data generation and replication for nodal coordinates, member information, and loading on the truss. Member design information can be displayed for each member through split-screen graphic-text displays.     

An expert system to estimate highway pavement routine maintenance work load

An expert system was developed that can be used to estimate highway pavement routine maintenance needs at a subdistrict level. The knowledge base was prepared by extracting the experience and judgement of unit foremen. The expert system is written in LISP and is interactive in nature. It requires the user to input information about the general features of the highway section and the observed distress data. The package gives explicit recommendations as to the type and amount of activities to be performed along with the information on expected costs.     

多高层钢框架前后处理程序的研制与开发

多高层钢框架在进行有限元计算时,必须首先输入大量的信息数据,包括节点信息、单元信息、荷载信息等。因此开发出具有三维交互功能的多高层钢结构计算机辅助设计软件成为一种必要。采用面向对象的系统开发技术,完成了基于ObjectARX的多高层钢框架前后处理系统,扼要介绍了系统实现的关键技术,包括结构类的设计、可视化信息的选取、楼板的识别功能等,并给出了相应的代码。     

Knowledge-based Expert systme for Judgement of Structural Stablity by Foam Feature Analysis

Abstract: This paper presents an elementary approach to artificial intelligence in structural engineering with the aid of the scheme of geometric modeling in computeraided design. In order to generate a specific form feature the structural shape information is explicitly represented, using a frame language developed in Prolog. Thus, reasoning stableness of structures in this system are interpreted as a sequential instantiation of a frame structure in which attributes stand for topological data and procedural knowledge, and as a candidate generation of a substructure of the stable form. Illustrative examples for a plane truss structure are described. Also, some comments on its applicability to an intelligent tutoring system for structural analysis and architectural design are provided, with reference to the interactive graphic representation.     

基于OGRE和BIM的建筑物运行维护可视化系统平台研发

本文通过把IFC实体的几何信息解析和转换为OGRE能够识别的表面三角形网格,同时实现非几何信息的关联,建立了基于OGRE的运维期BIM信息可视化平台。该平台能够对BIM对象的三维实体模型进行快速显示、读取通用BIM信息文件格式,能有效存储和管理三维实体模型数据和相关的集成信息,能实现图形与非图形信息间的交互查询。     

A GIS-Based Traffic Signal Coordination and Information Management System

Abstract: This paper discusses research conducted at the Georgia Institute of Technology that investigated the use of geographic information system (GIS) technology as a tool in traffic signal information management and signalized intersection coordination. TRANSYT-7F is the most widely used and respected computer model for optimizing the coordination of traffic signals. Unfortunately, creating an optimal TRANSYT-7F model is very costly. The hypothesis of this research was that using a specialized GIS in conjunction with TRANSYT-7F could enhance the process of coordinating a traffic signal system. The research resulted in the development of a GIS-based traffic signal coordination and information system that operates on a microcomputer. This system is an improvement over existing TRANSYT-7F models because relationships between intersections do not have to be encoded manually. Instead, the system takes advantage of the GIS's topologic data structure, which provides these relationships. The process of analyzing different network optimization scenarios is simplified with this system because the user need only to select intersections to be coordinated from the GIS graphic display rather than cutting and pasting from existing input files. Alternatively, the system can serve as a multipurpose signal information system and play a vital role in decision support. It can provide improved access to signal data and allows for swift identification of intersections that experience excessive delays or unacceptable levels of service.     

基于免费组件的IFC数据三维图形交互模块研究

基于BIM的三维图形交互模块的开发需解决BIM数据解析及三维模型显示两个问题,选择价格低廉甚至免费的组件并且能够进行高效的开发是研究者进行研究的最佳途径。本研究基于已有的BIM应用软件研究,针对IFC数据找到了一种能够用于快速高效地开发三维图形交互模块的免费组件组合,即TNO公司的IFCEngineDLL（用于BIM数...     

基于RTS法的空调动态冷负荷计算软件开发

介绍了基于辐射时间序列法的空调动态冷负荷计算软件系统,以及周期响应因子、辐射时间因子的计算方法。该系统以城市经纬度、气象参数、建筑几何尺寸和结构材料、室内热源、渗透风量等信息为输入数据,可以计算出中国各大城市夏季典型设计日的空调逐时冷负荷,为空调器的选型提供了一个技术分析平台,对空调系统的能量分析有着重要的价值和意义。该软件界面友好,操作过程简单,使用方便,计算速度快。且计算结果相对精确,能够满足工程实践的需要。     

微机在热电偶标定实验中的应用

对热电偶标定实验的传统方法进行了分析，指出其不足之处，提出采用微机改进实验装置。数据采集采用实时钟定时的方法进行，然后通过Ａ／Ｄ转换器将模拟信号转变成数字信号，最后将标定实验结果用图形的方式直观地显示在屏幕上。     

Microcomputer-Aided Instruction of Structural Steel Design

An innovative approach is reported for teaching structural steel design in a civil engineering undergraduate curriculum. It is based on the interactive environment and graphic capabilities of inexpensive microcomputers. Ten BASIC interactive microcomputer-aided design programs have been developed and used in a senior-level structural steel design course at the Ohio State University. The approach of interactive design and the interactive microcomputer-aided design programs make the learning of structural steel design more exciting and result in more effective training of future designers. Students can gain experience and develop insight in structural design while they are still in an academic environment.     

An interactive data management system for river water quality data

Water quality data banks are needed to document the status and trends of water pollution in a country. Examples of such systems are the STORET system in the U.S., the NAQUADAT system in Canada and the EIS system in Scandinavia. All of these systems require trained personnel to help in the formulation of the inquiry and the actual querying of the system.By contrast, what is described in this paper is an on-line, interactive data management and analysis system which allows the user the direct search, update, retrieval and analysis of the data from a computer terminal. The user addresses the system in a high level language closely resembling English and has complete control over building, updating and querying the individual data banks. Almost all statistical operations can be performed on the data starting from histograms, distributions, correlations to regression, discriminant, component and spectral analysis. Commands for producing camera-ready graphs on graphic terminals are available.The system is implemented on The University of Michigan Computer System and can be accessed through local telephone numbers in more than 100 cities in the U.S. and Canada and from the major European capitals via the TELENET system. The operation of the system is illustrated on a small sample data base on the Ohio river provided by the Ohio River Sanitation Commission (ORSANCO).     

建筑物纠倾加固施工信息化监控系统研究

在建筑物纠倾加固工程施工过程中 ,现场监测数据处理信息量大且时间紧迫。研制了一个对建筑物纠倾施工过程进行信息可视化监控的软件系统 ,主要功能包括图形处理、数据输入、报表及图形输出、自动化报警等。该系统可使现场及时而直观地对监测数据进行自动化处理并使反馈、指导后续工程施工成为可能     

道路平面的计算机屏幕定线及其数据存储方法

道路的定线在计算机屏幕上进行,这种方法叫做屏幕定线方法。该文提出了直接在图形屏幕上布设主要线元,然后直接在屏幕上设计连续线形线位的方法;同时提出了交互设计方法,解决了对复杂线形组合的交互问题。该方法使设计既可以正向设计也可以反向设计,既可以连续进行也允许分段非连续进行,并提出一种动态结构———线元表可较好地解决这一问题。     

如何使用MAPGIS明码文件清除图件中的飞点

针对使用MAPCAD进行复杂图形处理时,由于各种原因引起的飞点现象造成的图形不能满屏显示,严重时还会造成视窗范围内无图形或图形不能输出等问题,介绍了利用MAPGIS明码文件进行消除飞点的具体操作,以期MAPGIS软件能更好地为人们服务。     

A Data Preprocessor for Structural Analysis and Design Programs

An interactive program for computer-aided data management for structural analysis and design programs has been developed. The program provides the ability to create, store, retrieve, and update data files and display the configuration for 2-D and 3-D skeletal structures. The unique features of the program include: (1) interactive data entry scheme, (2) full-screen data management ability with full cursor control, (3) highlighted single key stroke commands, (4) continuous display of editor commands, (5) well designed screen layout for data entry and management, (6) extensive on-line prompts, (7) extensive checking of invalid input type, (8) fast scrolling through each screen of data, and (9) ability to display the structure configuration.
The program written in turbopascal, may be used with any microcomputer which uses PC-DOS and requires 96 Kb user memory. An ISM-PC color graphics (or equivalent) or monochrome systems may be used.     

An Object-Oriented Model of Building Procurement

Abstract: This paper reports on an object-oriented building procurement model being developed at the University of Salford as part of an integrated database for the construction industry (ICON). The model is based on a top-down approach using the information engineering method (IEM), object-oriented method (OOM), and an object-oriented CASE (computer-aided software/system engineering) tool. This paper illustrates the way the information requirements of the building procurement process are identified and stored as graphic representations using activity, object, and process models. Ultimately, code is generated from these graphic representations, and a physical object-oriented database (OODB) for the building procurement process is established.
The object-oriented approach to information modeling will be described in detail with an illustration of how the use of a CASE tool can help the analysis phase. Various features of the object-oriented paradigm will be described within the building procurement context. In addition, examples will be given to help the reader understand the recent developments in the object-oriented field. Finally, the different modeling techniques used within the object-oriented method such as object and event schemas will be presented and analyzed.