搅拌摩擦焊和熔化极气体保护焊6082铝合金疲劳性能分析

对10 mm厚6082-T6铝合金进行搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和熔化极气体保护焊(MIG焊)焊接,利用疲劳性能试验机、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等手段对6082铝合金FSW和MIG焊接头的疲劳力学性能、微观组织、裂纹扩展特征、疲劳断口进行了分析. 结果表明,在疲劳寿命为2×106周次时,6082铝合金母材及其FSW和MIG焊接头的名义应力分别为126.3,110.2,84.2 MPa;在高应力水平下(Δσ=160 MPa),FSW接头疲劳寿命明显大于MIG焊接头、与母材的疲劳寿命相当. MIG焊疲劳断口均位于焊趾处,焊缝内的气孔缺陷为其主要裂纹源;FSW疲劳断口大多发生在轴肩边缘. 接头的微观断口具有准解理特征,断口中存在疲劳条纹和韧窝.     

MIG焊叠加对6A01-T5铝合金FSW焊接头组织及性能的影响

研究了MIG焊叠加对6A01-T5铝合金FSW焊接头组织及性能的影响. 结果表明, MIG/FSW叠加焊缝熔合良好,叠加位置未出现气孔等缺陷,FSW焊核区及热影响区组织发生粗化,叠加位置附近微观组织出现明显改变;叠加区域硬度明显降低,尤其是FSW焊缝热力影响区和热影响区. FSW、中心叠加、前进侧热力影响区叠加和后退侧热力影响区叠加MIG焊接头的抗拉强度分别为219.8, 188.0, 195.4和191.4 MPa,MIG焊叠加降低了接头的抗拉强度,断口均表现韧性断裂特征;FSW焊接头及带有MIG叠加焊缝余高的三种接头中值疲劳强度分别为76.7, 65.0, 67.5和65.0 MPa,MIG焊叠加也使FSW接头的疲劳性能有所下降.     

FSW与MIG补焊的6005A-T6铝合金型材FSW接头疲劳性能研究

针对6005A-T6铝合金型材搅拌摩擦焊接头缺陷,分别采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和熔化极气体保护焊(MIG)进行补焊,对补焊后的接头疲劳性能进行了研究。结果表明,在循环次数N107时,FSW补焊接头的疲劳强度为100MPa,可达母材疲劳强度的84.53%,MIG补焊接头的疲劳强度为80 MPa,可达母材疲劳强度的67.62%。FSW补焊接头的疲劳断口裂纹源位于焊缝底部,裂纹扩展区有典型的疲劳辉纹,瞬断区为剪切型断口,为撕裂棱和韧窝组合形貌。MIG补焊接头疲劳断口的断面有微气孔,裂纹源位于夹杂气孔缺陷处,扩展区为准解理断裂,瞬断区为韧性断裂和脆性断裂的复合形式。     

6N01铝合金MIG焊接头疲劳裂纹扩展性能研究

研究了6N01铝合金MIG焊接头不同区域的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,对接头的宏观形貌、显微组织、显微硬度和疲劳断口进行了分析。结果表明,焊缝区为等轴树枝晶,接头热影响区主要由淬火区和过时效软化区组成。疲劳裂纹在焊缝中的扩展速率最高;热影响区内,应力值范围较低时,疲劳裂纹扩展速率低于母材,随着应力值范围的增加,其扩展速率高于母材。疲劳断口分析表明,裂纹在焊缝中以不规则和粗糙的脆性疲劳条纹形式扩展,而在热影响区则以塑性的疲劳条纹扩展,扩展抗力较高。     

AA6082铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头疲劳扩展速率

研究了6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头不同位置的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,并分析了接头的组织及疲劳断口形貌。试验结果表明,疲劳裂纹扩展速率最快的区域为接头焊核细晶区;当裂纹在热影响区扩展时,在较小的应力强度因子范围(ΔK)条件下,裂纹的扩展速率低于其在母材中的扩展速率,伴随着ΔK的逐渐增加,裂纹的扩展速率明显加快并高于其在母材中的扩展速率。断口形貌表明,疲劳裂纹在焊核区扩展主要由脆性的准解理断裂形貌组成,扩展速率较快;而热影响区及母材区的断口形貌主要由光滑的疲劳条纹组成。     

厚板铝合金FSW和MIG焊接接头疲劳性能

对厚度10 mm的6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和MIG焊接接头的疲劳强度进行了试验研究,并与6082-T6母材疲劳性能进行了对比分析.结果表明,6082-T6母材的疲劳S-N曲线最高、MIG焊接接头S-N曲线度最低,而FSW接头的疲劳S-N曲线近似位于两者之间;在高应力区FSW疲劳强度低于MIG焊接接头、而在低应力区高于MIG焊接接头.大部分FSW试样疲劳裂纹启始于焊缝根部的"弱连接"缺陷,采用机械加工去掉1.4 mm厚度焊缝根部材料后,FSW疲劳强度明显提高并接近母材数据.厚板6082-T6铝合金FSW焊缝根部质量控制是影响疲劳性能的关键因素.     

7A52铝合金FSW与双丝MIG焊接接头性能比较研究

研究了20mm厚的7A52铝合金搅拌摩擦焊和双丝MIG焊接工艺,对比分析了焊接接头的组织与性能.研究表明:对于20mm厚的7A52铝合金,搅拌摩擦焊接头强度比双丝MIG提高15％左右;双丝MIG焊缝区由于焊接时热输入量较大,晶粒长大明显;FSW焊缝区发生动态再结晶,生成细小的等轴晶粒.SEM断口分析表明,双丝MIG与FSW断口均表现为明显的韧窝形貌,FSW的强化相粒子分布于韧窝中,是形成韧窝形微孔的源.     

焊接工艺对6082-T6铝合金对接接头疲劳性能的影响

对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊和MIG焊的对接接头分别进行脉动拉伸疲劳试验,并对试件的疲劳断口进行扫描电镜分析,结果表明:搅拌摩擦焊接头的疲劳极限较高,搅拌摩擦焊接头断裂位置主要集中在背面焊缝边缘; MIG焊接头断裂位置主要集中在热影响区。启裂区和扩展区疲劳纹清晰;终断区为深韧窝型韧性断口。     

桥梁钢Q345焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率研究

对桥梁用钢Q345焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展性能进行了试验研究。测得对接接头的硬度分布,结果表明,焊接接头焊缝中心处的硬度值较低,在热影响区的重结晶区存在硬度最高点,而在部分重结晶区存在硬度最低点,硬度最低点为对接接头的薄弱区。通过疲劳裂纹扩展速率测试,得到其对接接头不同区域的疲劳裂纹扩展a-N曲线以及lg(da/dN)-lgΔK曲线。分析对比对接接头各区域的疲劳裂纹扩展速率lg(da/dN)-lgΔK曲线可知,在同一应力水平下,对接接头不同部位的疲劳裂纹扩展速率不同,热影响区的扩展速率较快,母材次之,焊缝金属最慢。并通过疲劳断口和焊接接头的显微组织,分析了其疲劳裂纹扩展速率不同的原因。     

6005A铝合金自动MIG焊接头疲劳性能的研究

采用自动MIG焊焊接6005A-T6铝合金。使用高频疲劳试验机对焊接接头的疲劳性能进行测试,绘制了S-N曲线,测定其疲劳极限,并对接头的疲劳断口和显微组织进行了分析,研究疲劳断裂的原因。结果表明:6005A铝合金接头的高周疲劳极限应力为105 MPa,S-N曲线拟合公式为σ_(max)=16167N_f~(-0.383);高应力状态的疲劳断口与静态拉伸断口相似,疲劳裂纹萌发区存在缺陷,在疲劳裂纹扩展区未发现呈放射性的扩展辉纹;低应力状态的断口疲劳也萌发于缺陷处,但存在大量扩展辉纹。焊缝组织较为均匀,但是热影响区的粗晶区和焊缝区晶界聚集的第二相对疲劳性能不利。     

Fracture toughness and fatigue crack behaviour of A3003/SUS304 lap friction stir welded joints

Friction stir welding (FSW) can weld dissimilar metal joints without a thick and brittle intermetallic compound layer at the weld interface. In this study, the dissimilar lap joint of A3003 aluminium alloy and SUS304 stainless steel was successfully welded by FSW, and the joint obtained was tested to examine the properties of fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth rate. Its fracture toughness was different by the directions of crack propagation. The fracture toughness of advancing side (AS) to retreating side (RS) was stronger than that of RS to AS, and that of cryogenic temperature was stronger than that of room temperature. Its fatigue crack growth rate also showed the same tendency as its fracture toughness. These data were compared with the past data and discussed.     

紫外光对铝合金焊接接头腐蚀行为的影响

通过光学显微镜分析研究了6061铝合金熔化极惰性气体保护焊(metal inter gas welding, MIG焊)和搅拌摩擦焊(friction stir welding, FSW)对接头组织的影响.结合极化曲线测试，比较了紫外光照射与暗态对预沉积NaCl的基材及焊接接头腐蚀行为影响的差异.结果表明，MIG焊接头组织均匀性较差，焊缝Mg含量远高于母材，使得表现出较差的热力学稳定性.紫外光照射加速了铝合金焊接接头的腐蚀，尤其是明显加速了MIG焊接头的腐蚀.30天的紫外光照射对FSW接头的影响与母材相近.这些影响与材料本身的耐腐蚀性能及铝合金表面形成的半导体性质腐蚀产物密切有关.     

Fatigue properties of friction stir welded joint of ultrafine-grained 2024 aluminium alloy

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) 2024 aluminium alloy prepared by the equal channel angular pressing was friction stir welded (FSW). The high cycle fatigue and crack growth behaviour of the FSW joint were investigated in air and NaCl solution, respectively. This study demonstrated that FSW was a viable technique for joining UFG materials. The UFG microstructure was retained in the nugget zone (NZ). Compared with the UFG base metal (BM), FSW joint exhibited lower ultimate tensile strength and hardness, and the minimum hardness value was located in the heat affected zone (HAZ). NaCl solution significantly reduced the fatigue strength of FSW joint. Fatigue crack propagation rates in the NZ and HAZ were slower than that in the BM in the whole fatigue life.     

TC4-DT电子束焊接头显微组织及疲劳裂纹扩展行为

在光学显微镜下对TC4-DT钛合金电子束焊接头显微组织进行了分析,讨论了接头不同位置显微组织特征.比较了疲劳裂纹始于焊接接头不同位置时的宏观裂纹扩展路径及裂纹扩展速率,依据焊接接头显微组织特点讨论了显微组织对疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响.结果表明,电子束焊接头沿熔深方向显微组织存在一定的差异;文中条件下,与母材区相比焊缝熔合区及热影响区具有较高的疲劳裂纹扩展抗力,导致裂纹扩展路径逐步偏向母材区,最后讨论了裂纹扩展路径的偏折对裂纹扩展速率的影响.     

Computer-aided experiment on arc welding

Fatigue properties of cast aluminium welded joints by friction stir welding (FSW) and MIG welding were investigated, comparing with that of the base plate. Fatigue crack propagation tests for the da/dN ? ΔK relation and bending fatigue tests for the S–N relation were carried out. Fatigue cracks in both FSW and MIG specimens were accelerated, when the fatigue crack tip reached the stir zone or the weld metal. This behaviour was discussed based on the crack closure induced by the crack surface roughness and the residual stress. In the S–N properties, the influence of specimen surface finishing on fatigue life was also examined. Fatigue lives of the FSW and MIG specimens in the ‘as weld’ condition were in the range of the largely scattered base plate fatigue lives, in spite of the different fatigue crack initiation sites in each specimen such as the porosity in the base plate, the tool mark bottom in the FSW and the weld toe in the MIG. The FSW specimens with the polished surface showed the particular improvement in fatigue strength for finite fatigue life.     

铝合金搅拌摩擦与MIG焊接接头疲劳性能对比试验

根据疲劳S-N曲线试验结果,对5A06铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)和MIG焊接接头的疲劳性能进行了初步比较,分析讨论了搅拌摩擦焊过程中所产生的焊接缺陷对其疲劳性能的影响.结果表明,在焊态下由于焊接接头几何形状等的影响,FSW的疲劳强度明显高于MIG焊接接头;对FSW焊缝根部的"吻接"缺陷(kissing-bonds)是降低FSW焊接接头疲劳寿命的主要因素,旋转搅拌工具在焊缝表面形成的多余飞边将对疲劳行为产生明显影响.     

Fatigue properties of ferrite/bainite dual-phase X80 pipeline steel welded joints

Fatigue properties are important parameters for the safety design and security evaluation of pipelines. In this work, fatigue life and fatigue crack propagation of full-thickness X80 pipeline steel joints compared with the base metal (BM) was investigated. Full-thickness BM specimens showed superior fatigue life compared with that of welded joints. The fatigue crack initiation of full-thickness X80 welded joint specimens occurred at the outside weld toe and then grew inward until a fracture was formed. During fatigue crack growth in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), crack growth rate linearly increased with increased ΔK in each HAZ subregion. However, the change rate of fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) differed among HAZ subregions. This difference was related to the variation in crack path and fracture mode because of the possible microstructural sensitivity of fatigue crack propagation behaviour.