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针对单道多层窄间隙焊接中的焊缝对中和变侧壁宽度的侧壁融合的问题,建立了窄间隙CO2气体保护焊的电弧长度数学模型. 通过MATLAB仿真出电弧长度和焊接电流变化曲线,模拟焊接电流在两侧壁发生突变的特点,提出一种横向跟踪方法. 以1/4周期内电流变化斜率Ki>C的时间点作为电弧到达侧壁的标记,累计电弧从焊枪中心摆动到此时的脉冲数NL和NR,对NL和NR进行相关运算得到横向偏差信息,以数字电位计AD51113为基础设计了电磁传感器磁场强度调节装置. 结果表明,利用系统进行的焊缝跟踪效果良好,磁场调节效果稳定,为窄间隙CO2气体保护焊的跟踪提供一种新的解决方案. 相似文献
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焊缝跟踪系统是实现智能焊接的关键技术之一,针对窄间隙焊缝中焊缝实时跟踪困难等问题,文中设计了一种基于边缘电场技术的多极阵列电容传感器,并通过结合了小波滤波与非线性映射技术的电容信号处理技术,实现了该传感器对窄间隙焊缝坡口形貌的重构.首先,建立了该传感器的数学模型,得到了多极阵列电容传感器的相关理论数值,并结合有限元仿真分析,优化了传感器结构.随后,通过电容信号处理技术实现了对传感器电容信号的提取及优化,获得了焊枪偏移及焊缝偏差信号,完成了焊缝坡口形貌重构.结果表明,多极阵列电容传感器应用于窄间隙焊缝跟踪系统是可行的,对窄间隙焊缝跟踪具有重要意义. 相似文献
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设计了一种接触式窄间隙焊缝跟踪传感器,克服了非接触式传感器易受干扰的缺点。通过可调节角度的双接触式探针与位移传感器,将偏差量转化成可检测的模拟电压量,为纠正焊枪相对焊缝的偏移提供依据,保证焊接质量。 相似文献
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为解决磁控埋弧焊传感器焊缝跟踪信号不稳定性、成形质量差等问题,采用BBD(Box-Behnken design)设计试验方案,基于响应面法建立了的埋弧焊焊缝自动跟踪磁控传感器参数(励磁频率、励磁电流、磁极高度、焊接电流)与预测响应值(焊缝跟踪信号、熔宽)的数学模型,并检验数学模型在试验点上的拟合情况,以能够根据跟踪信号质量和焊缝成形的要求优选传感器参数. 并通过优化传感器参数来预测埋弧焊焊缝跟踪信号质量以及焊缝的熔宽,实现跟踪信号与焊缝成形的最佳组合,以提高磁控埋弧焊的焊缝跟踪精度及焊接质量. 相似文献
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The characteristics of welding currents in a rotating arc lead tandem GMAW process and the weld-seam tracking 下载免费PDF全文
Tandem gas metal arc welding (T-GMAW) process shows a high deposition rate that up to three times of the single electrode GMAW,so the welding speed could be significantly increased in this process.However,the majority of this process applications are based on the pre-programmed robotic welding,which does not allow them to track the seam real-time during welding.Rotating arc sensor,sensing the seam position by detecting the changing of welding currents,has been widely adopted in the automatic robot welding process.It is proposed in this paper to integrate the rotating arc sensor with a trailing torch to develop a new approach of rotating arc lead tandem gas metal arc welding (RLT-GMAW) process.The characteristics of the welding currents in the proposed new welding process were firstly studied,and then a self-turning fuzzy control seam tracking strategy was developed for the mobile robot automatic welding.The experimental results showed that the proposed RLT-GMAW process had an excellent seam tracking performance and high welding deposition rate.Even if there were some electromagnetic interactions between the two arcs,the deviation of the welding seam could also be reflected by the fluctuation of the welding currents on the leading arc once the correct welding parameters were selected.Based on the detected deviation,the welding tracking experiments showed that the proposed self-turning fuzzy controller had a good performance for the RLT-GMA W process seam tracking. 相似文献
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An optical sensing system for seam tracking and weld pool control in gas metal arc welding of steel pipe 总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34
A visual sensing system was developed for automatic gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of the root pass of steel pipe. The system consisted of a vision sensor that consisted of a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and lenses, a frame grabber, image processing algorithms, and a computer controller. A specially designed five-axis manipulator was used to position the welding torch and to provide the vision sensor with automatic access to view the welding position. During the root pass welding, an image of the weld pool and its vicinity was captured using the camera without interference of the intensive arc light by viewing at the instance of a short-circuit of the welding power. The captured image was then processed to recognize the weld pool shape. For seam tracking, the manipulator was used to adjust the torch position based upon the pool image to the groove center. The measured gap size was used to determine the appropriate welding conditions to obtain sound penetration. The welding speed was chosen using fuzzy logic with the knowledge of a skilled welder and measured gap. The automatic welding equipment demonstrated that both welding conditions and torch position could be appropriately controlled to obtain a sound weldment and a good seam tracking capability. 相似文献
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利用特征谐波检测法进行焊缝偏差的检测是旋转电弧传感器焊缝偏差检测方法之一.通过在焊接倾角存在情况下对特征谐波法的数学分析和模拟仿真,深入探讨了特征谐波中焊缝偏差、焊缝倾角和初始相位、跟踪调整的相位角的关系,对特征谐波方法进行了改进,证明了特征谐波方法结果中的实部和虚部可以分别用来对焊缝偏差和焊枪倾角检测.并且在只对焊缝偏差检测情况下,采用特征谐波方法结果中的实部表征特征量比采用其幅值效果好.结果表明,这种方法对偏差检测的效果比传统的特征谐波方法抗干扰能力更强. 相似文献
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旋转电弧传感器焊枪空间姿态识别主要包括焊枪偏差和焊枪倾角的识别,是实现焊缝跟踪和提高焊接质量的必要条件.首先建立了焊枪倾角和偏差变化与电弧长度变化的数学模型,在此基础上提出了特征平面焊枪空间姿态检测算法,该算法充分利用了旋转电弧传感器检测得到的三维信息,采用最小二乘方法构建特征平面,根据特征平面与坐标平面交线的斜率来检测焊枪的左右偏差和倾角.结果表明,将该算法用于焊枪倾角和左右偏差的检测,其倾角检测误差为±7.85°,偏差检测误差为±0.42 mm,满足实际焊接工程需要. 相似文献
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机器人自动化焊接中焊枪三维偏差的提取是实现自动纠偏的前提.薄板机器人MAG对接焊接中对试件开坡口,试验中利用被动视觉传感器采集焊缝图像.通过调整滤、减光组合使得同一帧图像中出现稳定的电弧区域、坡口边缘线和缝隙接头线.设计有效算法直接提取缝隙接头线.以电弧区域的几何中心反馈焊枪位置,设计有效算法在缝隙接头线上确定焊枪当前跟踪位置,并借助视觉标定技术将其转换为世界坐标.利用用户软件系统从机器人控制系统中获取焊枪在世界坐标系下的坐标及转换后的坐标.结果表明,文中算法可以有效获取焊枪的三维偏差. 相似文献
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为实现焊接机器人焊枪定位与焊缝走向识别,提高焊缝跟踪精度,提出了一种交叉式双条纹激光传感方式,建立了该传感方式下双条纹激光间距与焊枪高度关系的理论模型.按图像行上灰度值和的一阶导数提取感兴趣区域(region of interest, ROI)、最大类间方差阈值分割及Canny边界提取等处理后,获得了上下激光条纹中心间距离及坡口中心值,由理论模型计算得焊枪高度,上下坡口中心值获得焊缝精确偏差与焊缝轨迹走向.结果表明,建立的理论模型正确,该方法可快速实现焊枪准确定位,识别焊缝轨迹走向,减小导前误差,提高偏差识别精度和焊接机器人智能化程度. 相似文献