电阻点焊电流磁场模型

本文主要根据电磁场的相关理论,通过分析点焊焊接机构电流回路,建立电阻点焊熔核截面电流分布与周围磁场关系的正演模型;并采用Matlab编程进行正演计算,将其结果与通过试验测得的熔核周围磁感应强度值进行比较,分析验证所建立正演模型的可靠性和准确性,从而为后续利用正演模型进行熔核物理参数反演奠定了基础。     

软接触电磁连铸高频磁场的瞬态分析

建立软接触电磁连铸过程电磁场计算模型,通过分别采用瞬态分析和谐波分析对高频正弦磁场计算结果的比较,验证高频磁场瞬态分析的准确性.利用瞬态分析方法,研究高频正弦激励电流密度在结晶器内钢液中产生的磁感应强度、感应电流及电磁力的变化规律.结果表明:钢液中磁感应强度和感应电流随激励电流密度的变化,其变化频率与激励电流密度的变化频唪相同,但由于结晶器壁有较强感应电流,钢液中磁感应强度和感应电流与激励电流密度的变化并非同步,说明电磁连铸结晶器内的高频磁场并非简谐波磁场;电磁力的变化频率是激励电流密度变化频率的两倍,激励电流密度达到正负幅值时,电磁力达到最大值,但当激励电流密度为零时,电磁力不为零,且部分电磁力会反向,严重时会导致液而波动,应加以控制.     

铝合金电阻点焊过程的有限元模拟

建立了铝合金电阻点焊过程的有限元分析模型，采用基于显微接触理论的接触电阻模型模拟点焊过程中试件与试件界面上的接触电阻。计算获得了焊接过程中电极／试件和试件／试件接触界面上接触半径的变化，以及试件间界面上压应力、电流密度和温度的分布。试验考察了熔核的形成和长大过程。比较表明，计算与试验测量结果符合很好，证实了所采用的接触电阻模型在铝合金电阻点焊模拟中的正确性和适用性。     

基于稳定分布的铝合金点焊接触电阻

接触电阻是电阻点焊熔核形成与数值模拟的重要参数,决定着点焊质量.采用电阻点焊接触电阻的计算模型与统计分析相结合的方法,通过模型计算工件/工件、工件/电极之间的接触电阻,并将其作为统计抽样检验的数据,研究接触电阻的分布规律.文中采用稳定分布去拟合工件间的接触电阻,并利用非参数统计Dn方法对拟合曲线进行检验.结果表明,所建立的计算模型正确,同时选用的稳定分布函数能更好的拟合工件间的接触点电阻,它们对研究电阻点焊有着重要的理论意义和实用价值.     

软接触电磁连铸高频调幅磁场作用规律的瞬态分析

利用软接触电磁连铸过程电磁场计算模型,对方波和正弦波调幅磁场进行瞬态分析,研究调幅激励电流密度与结晶器内金属液中的磁感应强度和电磁力之间的响应关系.结果表明:磁感应强度幅值与激励电流密度幅值呈正比关系,两者随时间变化规律一致;调幅磁场磁感应强度变化频率与高频激励电流密度的频率一致,且磁感应强度幅值和磁感应强度变化频率都与调幅波的频率无关,这是通过电流密度调幅获得调幅磁场的依据;调幅磁场电磁力与调幅磁场磁感应强度的平方成正比,与调幅电流密度的平方成正比,电磁力幅值变化周期与调幅电流密度幅值变化周期一致,电磁力变化频率是高频激励电流密度变化频率的两倍.这给调幅磁场通过控制激励电流密度来控制电磁力提供了依据.     

铝合金电阻点焊中点蚀环形成的数值分析

为减少电极点蚀,提高电极寿命,建立了铝合金电阻点焊过程数值模拟的有限元分析模型,利用大型软件ANSYS Workbench考察焊接过程中电极表面温度、电流密度、电极压力的分布情况.结果表明:在电极与工件接触区的边缘处存在电极压力和电流密度集中区,并且此处存在明显的高温现象.由此推断,电极表面上点蚀环的形成主要是由于电极...     

电极形状对异种不等厚铝合金电阻点焊接头形貌的影响

为了准确预测异种不等厚铝合金电阻点焊熔核尺寸及表面形貌,本文综合考虑电阻点焊过程中电极与工件、工件与工件间接触面积的动态变化以及材料力学性能对接触电阻的影响,建立了较为完善的电阻点焊有限元模型,研究异种不等厚铝合金电阻点焊熔核形成机理以及电极圆角半径对接头形貌的影响规律.结果表明:熔核最先在焊点边缘形成,然后向中心扩展...     

钢/铝异种金属光纤激光熔钎焊数值模拟

采用ANSYS有限元软件,建立了钢/铝异种金属光纤激光熔钎焊有限元模型,并采用熔池边界准则验证了其准确性,在此基础上计算了工件的应力与变形. 结果表明,工件上的纵向峰值拉应力出现在焊缝底部热源后方的钢母材一侧,随着焊接过程的持续进行,其数值不断增大,焊接结束瞬间(13 s)达到最大值203 MPa;工件上的应力场呈不对称分布,热源附近区域存在较大应力梯度;工件最大变形量为0.882 mm.     

电磁软接触连铸高频磁场的数值模拟

以经典电磁场理论为依据,利用有限元软件ANSYS建立了电磁软接触连铸高频磁场计算的数学物理模型。用小线圈法实测了线圈内磁感应强度的分布,并将实测值与计算值进行比较,验证了模型的有效性。通过计算,分析了割缝结晶器内磁感应强度分布的不均匀性以及感应线圈匝间距对结晶器内磁感应强度分布的影响。结果表明：切缝对结晶器中半径小于25mm范围的影响很小,使接近结晶器壁处圆周上磁感应强度分布的不均匀性较大;减小线圈匝间距可以提高结晶器内磁感应强度,线圈匝间距以5～10mm为宜。     

基于ANSYS的管板单面电阻点焊数值模拟

针对管板单面电阻点焊工艺,建立其焊接过程的热、电、力耦合有限元分析模型,研究了焊接过程中的接触状态变化、温度场分布和焊接变形过程,揭示了环状熔核的生成机理,并利用金相试验和电极位移曲线对模型进行了验证.结果表明,计算结果与试验结果基本相符,证实了数值模型的正确性和适用性.研究结果可为管板单面点焊焊接机理和质量监控方法研...     

Investigation of induced magnetic force on liquid nugget during resistance spot welding

Abstract

This paper investigates the source, magnitude and direction of magnetic force on the liquid nugget during resistance spot welding (RSW). High speed photography was used to observe the nugget formation process during half-sectioned RSW of steel (ferromagnetic substance) and aluminium alloy (paramagnetic substance). The induced magnetic force acting on half-sectioned and regular nugget was afterwards analysed and calculated. The results show that in the case of steel RSW, the magnetised workpieces generated a very strong magnetic field around the spot welding zone, while weak magnetic field appeared in the case of aluminium alloy RSW. This strong magnetic field causes a strong convection in the liquid nugget of steel even when the welding current is low. This strong convection will promote that the dimensions of nugget in the steel RSW become larger and closer to rectangle (observed on the cross-section) than in the aluminium alloy RSW.     

Analysis of workpiece magnetisation on liquid nugget during resistance spot welding

This paper investigates the effect of workpiece magnetisation on the magnetic flux density and nugget shape during resistance spot welding (RSW) process. To this end, this paper analyses the magnetisation process of ferromagnetic workpieces. The magnetisation was calculated by the equivalent surface current. The effect of magnetisation on the nugget shape was studied for RSW of steel and a specially designed aluminium workpiece. The results show that the magnetisation of ferromagnetic workpieces will increase the dimensions of the weld nugget in the thickness direction. The magnetic flux density induced by workpiece magnetisation and that induced by welding current have the same order of magnitude (10^?1 T). This indicates that the magnetisation of ferromagnetic workpiece is an important source of magnetic force acting on liquid nugget. Therefore, it should not be ignored in studying the physics of RSW process, especially for the fluid flow in RSW of ferromagnetic materials.     

变电极力对管板单面电阻点焊形核的影响

根据管板单面电阻点焊结构特点,建立了轴对称有限元模型.通过结构、热电场的全耦合,分析了恒定电极力作用下,管板单面点焊的形核过程和特点,其焊接过程结构件的大变形导致形成的焊点质量不可靠.利用伺服焊枪通电过程中可实时改变电极力的特性,研究焊接过程中力的变化对焊点形状的影响规律.结果表明,单面电阻点焊焊接通电过程中改变电极力,在同等焊接工艺参数的情况下可增大焊接件间的连接宽度,减小焊接变形,提高焊点质量,为管板焊接在车身上广泛安全的应用提供理论依据.     

铝合金点焊的多场耦合建模与动态过程数值模拟(英文)

基于铝合金点焊的热、机、电及相变原理,建立热电力耦合场的轴对称有限元数值仿真模型,实现对焊接区温度场、电场、应力应变的动态模拟。发现了焊接电流变化激发的铝合金动态电阻"瞬态逆向虚变效应",揭示了过程热电耦合瞬态与稳态差异性作用机理,阐释了焊接电流增加而瞬态电阻骤降的反常现象。基于铝合金点焊稳态仿真与实验结果修正了动态电阻数值计算模型。AA5182的计算与实验结果表明,考虑动态电阻"瞬态逆向虚变效应"的动态仿真模型能够精确描述焊接电流调整过程中的电参数动态变化和铝合金焊点熔核的生长过程。     

Dynamic simulation of resistance spot welding of zinc-coated steels

A model was developed to simulate the temperature distribution and nugget formation during resistance spot welding （ RS1V） of zinc-coated steels. It employs a coupled thermal-electrical-mechanical analysis simulating the dynamic RSW process. Temperature-dependent thermal-electrical-mechanical material properties were considered including contact-resistance. The contact area was determined from a coupled thermal-mechanical analysis. A layer of transition elements was used to represent the change of contact area by killing or activating elements. The heat generation and temperature field were computed in a coupled thermal-electrical model. All these analyses were solved using the commercial finite element method （FEM） based on ANSYS code, and some advanced functions were used by writing a paragraph of codes by the authors. Compared with the results from only coupled thermal-electrical model in which contact area was uniform during the whole process, the result matches better to the experimental results.     

Numerical analysis of single sided spot welding process used in sheet to tube joining

Abstract

As a new kind of lightweight structure, hydroformed tubes are now widely used in vehicle bodies. The single sided spot welding (SSSW) is a variation of resistance welding used in joining hydroformed closed tubular parts and vehicle structures. During the process of SSSW, large deformation and complex contact status of the workpieces occur because there is no inside support. The time variation of the contact region and pressure distribution changes the flow paths for electric current timely and brings a fierce shunting at the position far away from the axis line, which prevents the heat concentration at the faying surface of workpieces. The characteristics of SSSW different from those of classical resistance welding mentioned above make it difficult to determine rational welding processing parameters for SSSW. In the present paper, a comprehensive structural–thermoelectric model is established. Using the incrementally coupled analysis of finite element analysis, the electrical, thermal and mechanical aspects of sheet to tube process using SSSW are investigated. The mechanical characteristic of specimens during the squeeze and welding progress, the electric current density transient distribution, the nugget formation process, and the effects of welding parameters for SSSW are discussed. It is found that ring nugget is obtained by sheet to tube SSSW. Modifying electrode force during welding cycle is a valid method to obtain acceptable nugget with shorter welding time or less energy. The calculated results of nugget size and location are in good agreement with those of experimental observations.     

球形电极电阻点焊过程的热力耦合分析

基于有限元理论建立了球形电极电阻点焊过程的电热力耦合模型，以ANSYS软件为平台分析了点焊的预压以及熔核的形成、长大及断电冷却过程。模拟得到了焊接过程中温度场、应力应变场的分布以及接触面积的变化，经过试验验证了所建电热力耦合模型的正确性。     

电阻点焊熔核形成过程磁流体动力学分析

引入磁流体动力学理论,采用解析方法对电阻点焊熔核形成过程中电场、磁场、热场、流场及其相互耦合进行了系统的分析,揭示了点焊熔核形成过程中各物理场的特征,以及它们相互作用对熔核内熔化金属流动的影响规律.研究发现,在焊接电流及其感应磁场相互作用产生的磁场力的作用下,熔化金属磁流体仅仅在通过电极轴对称轴的对称平面内绕四个核心做旋转运动,并且金属流动开始于结合面,最大速度也出现在结合面上.这为进一步通过有限元方法深入研究电阻点焊熔核形成多物理场耦合过程提供了重要的简化依据.     

Numerical simulation on temperature field for resistance spot welding of non-equal thickness stainless steel

An axisymmetrie finite element model is developed to simulate the temperature field of resistant spot welding according to the process characters of nugget formation of non-equal stainless steel sheets. A simulation method of the interaction of electrical and thermal factors is presented. The spot welding process of nugget formatian is simulated using hard and soft welding technique norms. The heating characters of soft and hard norms determine the differences in the process of nugget formation and determine the finally shape and offset of nugget. Experimental verification shoics that the model prediction agrees well with the practical.