N503为载体的乳状液膜提取钯（Ⅱ）的研究

研究了以N，N－二（1－甲庚基）乙酰胺（N503）为流动载体、兰113A为表面活性剂、煤油为膜溶剂，EDTA做内相试剂的乳状液膜体系迁移钯的机理，其迁移钯的反应经紫外可见光谱证实为阴离子交换反应，在所筛选出的适宜制乳及迁移提取等最佳条件下，98％以上的钯迁入内相。     

乳状液膜提取钯的研究

对乳状液膜提取记的主要工艺条件如流动载体种类和浓度、搅拌速度、表面活性剂浓度、油内比及水乳比等进行了研究。结果表明，在本试验条件下对含Ｐｄ１×１０￣（－２）％左右的料液，钯的提取率可达９７％以上，内相富集钯的浓度可达０．１％～０．３％。     

乳状液膜提取钯的研究

本实验是用乳状液膜提取和浓缩稀溶液中的钯的工艺研究。内容包括流动载体TNOA和N的比较实验、搅拌速度对提取钯的影响、表面活性剂浓度、载体浓度、油内比和水乳比四因素的L_9(3~4)正交实验。结果表明,钯的提取率可达97％以上,富集液中钯的浓度可达1～3g/L。     

管状钯膜的研究进展

钯膜的发展经历了从最初的纯钯膜、钯合金膜(主要为钯银、钯钇合金)到目前备受关注并具有良好应用前景的钯及钯基复合膜(如多孔陶瓷、多孔不锈钢基体等).但仍有很多方面值得去改进.综述近年来国内外制备管状钯膜技术的研究进展状况,着重介绍了管状钯合金膜的种类,制备技术及新的改进技术.并对钯基合金膜存在的技术问题及其发展方向进行了讨论.只有从开发新的加工方法,载体的活化.密封以及钯膜使用工艺条件等方面综合考虑,才能使钯膜发挥它的真正的优越性.     

乳状液膜提取钯的研究

本实验是用乳状液膜提取和浓缩稀溶液中的钯的工艺研究。内容包括流动载体TNOA和N₁₉₂₃的比较实验、搅拌速度对提取钯的影响、表面活性剂浓度、载体浓度、油内比和水乳比四因素的L_a(34)正交实验。结果表明, 钯的提取率可达97%以上, 富集液中钯的浓度可达1~3g/L。      

从含钯、铜、银等贵金属废料中回收钯和银

研究了从含钯银铜的废料中分离回收钯和银。介绍了将钯、银、铜逐一分离并分别回收的原理及技术参数。采用硝酸溶解-盐酸沉银-氯化铵沉钯-氨水中和-水合肼还原或煅烧流程可从含钯、银等贵金属废料中回收钯和银，所得钯粉纯度高于99．99％．其它杂质含量符合国标要求。     

低含量钯催化剂的回收

本文采用静态浸泡法，以ＨＣｌ＋ＮａＣｌＯ３为溶剂，从万分之二的钯催化剂中回收钯。实验钯浸出率＞９５％，生产钯实收率＞９３％。     

从含金钯废气敏元件中回收金钯工艺的研究

研究了一种从含金钯废气敏元件中优先分离金,然后回收钯的工艺。废料经溶解－两次还原可获得９９．９９％的高纯金,总效率为９９．５％,获得的钯纯度为９９．９９％,直收率为９８．５％。     

从废钯催化剂中回收钯

本文采用盐酸渗滤浸出，黄药富集，处理低品位废钯催化剂，钯的浸出大于９０％，产品为〉９９．９％的海锦钯，回收率大地８５％。     

从废金钯电子镀件中回收金和钯

针对回收电子镀件中的贵金属,研究出了Ａｕ－１和Ｐｄ－１退镀液。退镀液具有不腐蚀基体,可循环使用等优点,其金退镀率达９９％,钯退镀率达９５％以上。     

用乳状液膜萃取瓦斯灰酸浸液中的铟

对乳状液膜法提取瓦斯灰酸浸液中铟的主要工艺条件进行了研究,讨论了外相pH、油内比、乳水比、乳水接触时间等因素对液膜萃取效果和液膜稳定性的影响。结果表明,应用P507-SPAN80-煤油-石蜡乳状液膜体系(体积比为5∶5∶85∶5),在乳水比为1/3时,对pH=2.96的瓦斯灰酸浸液萃取6 min,铟萃取率达到99%。     

乳状液膜技术从稀土浸出液中提取钍的试验研究

采用煤油-Span80-P507-HC l组成的液膜体系,研究了自稀土浸出液中提取钍的基本原理,考查了制乳条件、油内比、水乳比、pH值和提取时间等因素的影响。     

Recovery of Sc³⁺ from one certain deposit of rare earth

The extraction of scandium from one certain deposit was studied by the liquid membrane emulsion technique using P507-Span80-sulphonating kerosene-HCl.The emulsion conditions,the technological factors such as ratios of oil to the internal aqueous phase and water to emulsion,and the extraction time etc.were investigated.     

Rare earth extraction from wet process phosphoric acid by emulsion liquid membrane

The recovery of rare earths(RE) during the wet processing of phosphoric acid is very important, the method of emulsion liquid membrane(ELM) with di(2-ethylhexly) phosphate(D2EHPA) as carrier has the high selectivity while cannot provide a satisfactory extraction rate. Here novel method of emulsion liquid membrane(ELM) using Aniline as carrier to extract RE from the feed solution was proposed. The method could increase the extraction rate of RE in the real sample to 93%. The effects of different parameters such as type and concentration of carrier and surfactant, hydrochloric acid concentration, organic to internal phase volume ratio, membrane to external phase volume ratio on extraction of RE~(3+) were investigated. Quantitative extraction(93%) of RE~(3+) was observed with 6 vol.% Aniline and 4 vol.% T154 liquid membrane at external to internal phase volume ratio of 10 for the feed solution. The proposed method of ELM using Aniline as carrier can be expected to provide a practical, efficient, and economical method for extracting RE from phosphate leach solution with high acidity in the industry of wet process phosphoric acid.     

合成亚砜MSO萃取分离钯与铂的性能

对合成亚砜MSO萃取钯与铂性能的研究表明，萃取时间、相比、萃取剂酸度及钯与铂的浓度比对钯、铂萃取率都有影响。在控制料液酸度和MSO浓度的条件下可有效地萃取分离钯与铂。也考察了氯化铵的氨水溶液反萃取钯的适宜条件。     

二苯胍固相萃取钯的探讨

基于Pd与二苯胍(DPG)形成的络合物能够被MCI-GEL树脂固相萃取柱萃取、富集,建立了一种固相萃取钯的方法。经过实验发现:当溶液中n_DPG∶n_Pd=0.5,盐酸介质浓度为0.05 mol/L,过柱流速为10 mL/min,Pd的萃取率可达99%;通过流出曲线测定出MCI-GEL树脂固相小柱的萃取容量为4.86 mg/g;筛选出最佳洗脱液为酸性硫脲溶液,且3.0 mL 20 g/L的酸性硫脲溶液以1.0 mL/min 的洗脱速度能完全洗脱4.86 mg/g钯。在0.05～2.0 mol/L盐酸介质中,利用MCI-GEL树脂固相小柱对合成试样溶液中Pd进行分离和测定,通过计算分离系数,证明在0.05 mol/L 盐酸介质中,Pd可与Pt、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn离子定量分离。     

从彩钼铅粗精矿碱性浸出液中提取钼的新工艺

研究了一种从彩钼铅粗精矿碱性浸出液中回收钼的新工艺。该工艺涉及镁盐除硅、N235萃取钼、氨水溶液反萃取钼、盐酸沉淀钼等工序。试验结果表明:在溶液中ρ(Mo)=9.2g/L、ρ(SiO2)=1.01g/L,除硅温度75℃,pH=8.5,反应1h,氯化镁加入量为理论量4倍条件下,除硅率达87.31%;以15%N235-10%仲辛醇-75%煤油溶液作为萃取剂、在Va∶Vo=2.5∶1、pH为1.7～2.0条件下,混合萃取3min,钼的3级逆流萃取率为99.55%;经反萃取和沉淀钼,最终获得钼质量分数64%以上的氧化钼产品。该工艺钼回收率高,除硅效果较好。     

液膜分离富集、测定铟

用乳状液膜体系对铟进行分离富集，并研究了乳状液膜的稳定性、温度、铟的浓度、外相pH值、乳水比（Rew)、油内比（Roi)等因素对富集铟的影响。实验表明，在适宜的条件下，铟的富集率可达99．5％－100．4％。在此情况下，常见共存离子都不迁移透过此乳状液膜。此法已用于富集测定烟尘、复杂多金属矿石中的铟，结果满意。     

失效汽车催化剂中铂钯铑富集方法探讨

研究了硫镍试金法应用于失效汽车催化剂中铂、钯、铑富集的方法,探讨了小型硫镍试金应用于前处理失效汽车催化剂类样品的试金配方,结合正交试验法和控制变量法考察了熔炼温度、熔炼时间、硅酸度、捕集剂镍粉量、硫镍质量比例、助熔剂用量和助熔剂配比对样品前处理效果的影响。最佳试金配方为:熔炼温度为1 050 ℃;熔炼时间为30 min;硅酸度K=3.5;0.88 g镍;m(Ni)∶m(S)=0.9∶1;4 g助熔剂(m(Na₂CO₃)∶m(Na₂B₄O₇)=1∶2)。以硫镍试金-碲共沉淀-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定失效汽车催化剂中的铂、钯、铑,方法中铂、钯、铑的检出限分别为0.008 9、0.005 1、0.002 4 μg/mL。按照实验方法对样品RM-1、RM-2、RM-3(企业内部质控样)和标准样品GYBW-CHJ-1中铂、钯、铑进行测定,结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.14%～2.7%之间,测定值均与参考值/认定值相吻合。     

Separation of platinum and palladium from chloride solution by solvent extraction using Alamine 300

The separation of platinum and palladium from chloride solution by solvent extraction, using Alamine 300 as an extractant, has been studied. The effect of different parameters such as the concentration of HCl in the feed solution, NaCl concentration, extractant concentration, and platinum and palladium concentrations in the feed solution has been evaluated. Stripping behavior was also studied using different stripping agents, such as sodium thiocyanate and thiourea. Using a saturated solution of sodium chloride at a pH 1.5, platinum was selectively extracted as the major component, along with minor amounts of palladium. By adding a saturated solution of NaCl to the aqueous phase, palladium extraction could be decreased. Additionally, with the use of 0.5 M HCl in place of NaCl, both metals were studied. Selective stripping of platinum accomplished using sodium thiocyanate, and the selective removal palladium was achieved with sodium thiosulfate. This process can achieve a 99.9% purity of platinum even in very dilute solution.