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电离辐射在食品保藏中的应用 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
论述了辐照食品所产生的生物学效应、生理学效应、化学效应。介绍了辐照食品的优点和辐照在食品保藏中的应用以及国内外辐照在食品中的发展状况,探讨了我国食品辐照的发展方向。 相似文献
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张宏 《中国食品卫生杂志》2005,17(4):352-355
为促进食品辐照技术的商业化应用,给我国食品辐照管理部门提供借鉴,综述了食品辐照的目的、经电离辐照加工后食品的变化、食品辐照加工的优势、食品辐照技术的历史回顾。介绍了美国、加拿大、欧盟等世界主要贸易国对辐照食品的管理和应用及其辐照方法的发展前景。辐照方法加工食品是一种安全、卫生、经济的新型技术。食品辐照技术既保护环境,又以很少的能量防止了粮食等食物的损失,还可保证食品的安全卫生。 相似文献
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辐照技术在肉制品杀菌保鲜中的应用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
辐照是利用原子能射线的辐照能量对食品杀菌处理来保存食品的一种物理方法,其具有环保、安全、高效的特点,应用于肉制品杀菌可以有效抑制或消灭致病或致腐微生物。本文简要介绍辐照杀菌机理,国内外辐照食品现状,辐照食品的安全性评价及辐照肉类标准,并重点介绍60Co-γ射线辐照、电子束辐照以及X 射线辐照在肉制品杀菌保鲜中的研究进展,总结影响辐照杀菌效果的因素。探索了X 射线辐照应用于肉制品杀菌保鲜中的可行性和优势,展望了未来X 射线辐照作为一种先导性的储备技术应用于食品辐照领域的可能性。 相似文献
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辐照食品的国际趋向及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正> 本文综述了食品辐照技术在减少后热损失中的作用以及用它来生产安全食品的可能性。并介绍了国际上对辐照食品的卫生方面达成的协议、各国管理进展、辐照加工食品商业化的障碍。特别强调要在国际合作和贸易中改进辐照食品的可接受性,以便为工业各界和消费者所接受。 相似文献
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《Food Reviews International》2013,29(1):19-44
Abstract In this paper, we shall attempt to present the history and current status of food irradiation research and commercialization in Japan. In 1967 the Japan Atomic Energy Commission decided to promote the research and development of food irradiation, based on research activities since 1954. The national project on food irradiation investigated the following: 1) the inhibition of sprout growth of potatoes and onions, 2) the prevention of infestation of rice and wheat, 3) the extension of shelf life of sausage and fish‐paste products, and 4) the growth inhibition of molds on the surfaces of oranges by using electron beams. As a result of this national project, a commercial potato irradiation plant was constructed and has been operating for 12 years. Market price fluctuations during the off‐season were also successfully reduced. However, a boycott movement by some consumer unions against irradiated potatoes has seriously affected food processors. The technical problems of irradiated potatoes, such as rotting and accumulation of sugar during storage, were solved by conditioning before and after irradiation. After the termination of the national project, studies were carried out on farm animal feeds for the purpose of eliminating pathogens such as salmonellae and extending shelf life by delaying mold growth. The accumulation of sugar in irradiated sweet potatoes, identification methodology of irradiated foods, and radiation‐decontamination of microorganisms in spices have also been studied. The greatest problem now is to overcome the public's resistance to irradiated food. 相似文献
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转基因食品作为生物科技发展的重要成果,其对人类的作用同样具有其它科技成果的两面性。由于转基因食品相对于普通食品的特殊性,必须对其可能产生的问题进行有效的法律规制。欧美日等发达国家为此专门建立了试验和上市的审批制度、隔离制度以及标识制度,美国还建立了转基因食品监管非歧视的法律原则。结合中国转基因食品法律规制现状,应当采取对其正式立法、颁布可操作性强的具体实施条例、建立产业准入制度、加强执法方面的投入以及坚持非歧视的法律原则等方面的措施,才能保证中国转基因食品的法律规制达到既能有效地防范转基因食品产生的特殊安全风险,又不阻碍转基因产业的正常发展的良好效果。 相似文献
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目的探讨热释光法在辐照食品检测中出现假阳性的问题。方法按照标准EN1788-2001《食品与硅酸盐矿物隔绝的食品的辐射检验热致发光法》,采用热释光法对深海鱼加工产品进行辐照食品检测。结果与花椒粉等典型辐照样品不同,深海鱼加工产品虽然检测结果为阳性,但其谱图与典型辐照样品谱图存在一定差异。主要表现为一次发光曲线中,典型辐照样品谱图的发光峰下降舒缓,峰型符合正态分布;而深海鱼加工产品的发光峰下降陡峭,并不符合正态分布。据此,怀疑热释光法对深海鱼加工产品的检测分析结果实为假阳性。结论建议在对深海鱼产品进行辐照检测时,谨慎选用热释光法或采用其他检测方法如气相色谱分析碳氢化合物法进行复验。 相似文献
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At dosages used for food irradiation, some of the thymine present in the DNA of irradiated food may be converted to thymine glycol. A fluorometric assay for thymine glycol was investigated as a possible method of detecting irradiated foods based on this effect. Experiments were performed on homogenates of irradiated chicken breast meat and on DNA isolated from irradiated chicken breast meat. In both cases the assay was subject to interference from one of the reagents, o-aminobenzaldehyde, and lacked the necessary sensitivity to detect the thymine glycol produced by radiolysis of the DNA at relevant dosages. 相似文献
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Consumer awareness and acceptance, and influence of benefit statements and price on acceptance of irradiated foods were investigated in Turkey. Consumer awareness of food irradiation was very low (29%). Majority of consumers (80%) were uncertain about the safety of irradiated foods. Only 11% expressed irradiated foods are safe. Level of positive attitude towards irradiated foods increased substantially (62%) upon hearing a benefit statement of food irradiation. Purchase intent of irradiated foods was highest (44%) when price is same as unirradiated foods, but significant proportion of consumers indicated to pay 5% premium price for irradiated foods. A successful market for irradiated foods can be achieved by educating consumers with the benefit and uses of irradiation process. 相似文献
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电子束辐照对鲜切青椒表面食源性致病菌杀灭效果的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了高能电子束辐照对鲜切青椒表面食源性致病菌的杀灭效果,为电子束在提高青椒等鲜切类蔬菜食用安全性领域的应用提供理论及实践依据。鲜切青椒经0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5kGy等不同剂量电子束处理以及酸化亚氯酸钠(ASC)结合1kGy处理、柠檬酸(C)结合1kGy处理后,置于4℃的冰箱中贮藏,并在辐照后的第0、3、6、9、12d对三种食源性致病菌进行计数,同时测定了不同处理方式对鲜切青椒感官品质的影响。实验结果表明,ASC结合1kGy辐照处理不仅能够有效地杀灭鲜切青椒表面的食源性致病菌,而且不会影响其品质。 相似文献