基于数字图像处理的纱线毛羽检测

为了更准确地检测出纱线毛羽长度及其根数,在结合视频显微镜和图像处理技术的基础上,提出一种新的毛羽检测方法。首先采用MOTIC SME-140视频显微镜采集纱线图像,然后经过灰度变换、图像分割、形态学开运算、图像细化处理,得到完整的纱线条干图像和细化后的毛羽图像,接着以纱线条干边缘为基准线,对毛羽分割点进行判断,最后得出不同长度的毛羽根数。图像法检测结果表明各纱线片段的毛羽根数值较为稳定,并且检测结果与目测图像计数的结果非常接近。因此,本文所提出的毛羽检测方法较现有的光电检测方法更为准确、可靠。     

Measurement of long yarn hair based on hairiness segmentation and hairiness tracking

For the problem of hairiness information missed in existing hairiness measurement method, the goal of this work is to accurately measure the length of long yarn hairiness and obtain the path over every hairiness point of the whole hairiness. To achieve this goal, the yarn images were captured by the video microscope (MOTIC) and the thinned hairiness images were obtained by a series of image processing. The different measurement baseline and step value were choose to segment long hairiness in the method of hairiness segmentation, and the different hairiness lengths were obtained, the results of length show that the length of 0.5mm (baseline)and 3 pixels (step value) is closest to hairiness real length. And then, the more accurate lengths of the hairiness were calculated by the method of hairiness tracking. The lengths of the two new methods are longer than the length of the method of fixed length (1mm), but the lengths of hairiness tracking is longer than the longest lengths of hairiness segmentation. The compared results show that the method of hairiness tracking can record the information of every point in hairiness and calculate the pixels of a hair fiber, and acquire more complete information of full hairiness then hairiness segmentation.     

基于毛羽图像检测的浆纱抗起毛性能评价

为准确检测织造载荷作用前后浆纱的毛羽及有效表征浆纱的抗起毛性能,提出一种基于毛羽量图像检测的浆纱抗起毛性能评价方法.对纯棉14.5 tex的原纱和3种不同上浆率的浆纱,在JN-01浆纱耐磨性能测试仪上模拟织造载荷,并进行不同载荷次数的摩擦起毛实验.起毛后的纱线经图像采集、纱线主干分割、毛羽分割和主摩擦区间定位等处理后,...     

应用显著性算法的纱线条干均匀度检测

针对运用图像方法进行纱线条干均匀度检测时,背景黑板、纱线毛羽以及图像噪声等对检测结果影响较大的问题,借鉴人的视觉感知机制,提出一种应用显著性算法检测纱线条干均匀度的方法。对采集到的纱线图像提取颜色和亮度特征,进行显著性分析,突出纱线条干区域,然后利用迭代阈值分割算法和区域滤波,得到准确清晰的纱线条干二值图像,基于此进行直径计算、均匀度分析和纱线疵点判定。通过边缘准确性评价可知,采用所提方法分割得到的纱线条干二值图像有着较高的分割精度。通过与Uster Classimat 5的均匀度检测结果进行比较,证明这种方法可得到准确的结果,与Used Classimat 5 的测量结果有着较好的一致性。     

基于最大熵与密度聚类相融合的毛羽检测

为能够更加精确地计算出纱线毛羽的根数及毛羽长度,基于最大熵与密度聚类相融合对纱线毛羽的长度及根数进行检测。该方法首先利用双边滤波对采集到的纱线图像进行预处理,滤除图像中的噪声,同时增强纱线毛羽特征;然后利用最大熵对预处理后的纱线图像进行阈值分割,去除条干提取毛羽,并对毛羽进行细化;最后利用密度聚类算法(DBSCAN聚类)对细化后的毛羽进行分类统计,根据所分类的个数以及每类所含像素点的个数计算出毛羽的根数及长度。将实验结果与目测法和基准线法进行比较,结果表明,该方法与目测方法检测的结果非常接近,结果比基准线法更加精确,检测结果准确、有效。     

纱线毛羽骨架及长度的跟踪测量

针对现有图像法毛羽测量存在的缺陷,提出了一种用于毛羽分析和长度测量的纱线毛羽骨架跟踪算法。首先以10像素为步长,作纱线条干边缘曲线对毛羽骨架的分割线,得到毛羽起点;接着在毛羽延伸方向上对毛羽起点的上5?邻域点或下5?邻域点进行判断,得到新的毛羽路径点,进行邻域点的重复判断,直到没有毛羽路径点存在,依次记录所有毛羽点生成毛羽路径,并提出了多毛羽路径点和交叉毛羽的解决方案;最后根据2点间的距离计算出毛羽路径中相邻毛羽路径点的像素,从而得到毛羽的测量长度。对长毛羽的跟踪测量和固定分割长度测量的结果显示,毛羽骨架及长度的跟踪测量算法可将测量长度提高24.3%∽666%,测量结果较为精确。     

基于视觉校准的环锭纺细纱条干特征在线提取方法

针对纱线高速回转、毛羽条干交织导致的条干轮廓特征难以准确提取的问题,提出了深度学习与形态学运算融合的在线提取方法,设计了图像在线采集系统与校准定焦方法,为轮廓特征提取提供高质量输入,构建了基于整体嵌套边缘检测神经网络和形态学运算的细纱条干轮廓特征提取重构模型,实现毛羽干扰下的条干轮廓在线准确提取。实验结果表明,所提方法的轮廓提取准度指标OIS-F(optimal image scale)、ODS-F(optimal dataset scale)达到了0.91,平均准确率AP达到了0.89,相对于当前方法提高了7%以上。基于提取的轮廓特征计算的条干不匀CV值,与CT3000均匀度检测仪的平均误差小于4%。     

应用图像处理的纱线黑板毛羽量检测与评价

针对目测法检测纱线黑板毛羽效率低、主观性强等问题,提出一种新的基于图像处理的毛羽检测方法。纱线黑板经扫描仪采集图像,然后进行中值滤波、二值化、形态学运算、局部阈值等处理,得到黑板毛羽图像,统计出毛羽像素点个数,提出评价黑板毛羽量的指标--M指数。采用原料、线密度和纺纱方式各不相同的纱线进行实验,测得18种纱线的毛羽M指数,与乌斯特仪得到的毛羽H值建立回归模型,两种测试结果之间的相关系数为0.975。6种纱线的验证结果表明,本文提出的毛羽检测法和建立的毛羽M指数能较完整地提取和评价整块纱线黑板毛羽,算法精度高、评定结果可信度好。     

纱线毛羽图像的二值化处理及其Matlab实现

文章利用CCD扫描来采集纱线灰度图像，运用计算机快速处理数据的能力以及Matlab强大的图像处理功能，采用适当的方法对纱线毛羽图像进行消噪、灰度变换、二值化处理。通过分析二值化图像的特征，分别得出带毛羽纱线和不带毛羽纱线的图像面积，进一步计算出纱线相对毛羽率。结果表明，该方法分割效果好，运算速度快，不需要购买专门的仪器，具有较高的实用价值。     

纱线毛羽路径匹配追踪检测

针对现有纱线毛羽检测方法无法有效检测弯曲毛羽和交叉毛羽的缺陷,提出一种基于图像法的纱线毛羽路径匹配追踪算法。将采集到的纱线毛羽图像通过预处理、骨干化处理获取毛羽骨干图像,以毛羽端点作为起始点,对其八邻域像素点进行判断获取新的毛羽路径点,重复对毛羽路径点邻域判断直到没有毛羽路径点存在。对毛羽交叉出现多路径点的情况,提出交叉匹配值指标,即根据毛羽交叉点前部分相邻毛羽路径点间斜率并分配动态权重得到毛羽局部斜度,利用交叉匹配值对多路径毛羽点进行匹配获取新的毛羽路径点,通过本文毛羽追踪方法获取毛羽像素数量并转化为毛羽长度。与人工法和投影法检测结果对比表明：本文毛羽追踪检测结果与人工检测毛羽结果误差在4%以内,有效解决了交叉毛羽和弯曲毛羽追踪检测问题,提高了纱线毛羽的检测准确度。     

基于改进图像阈值分割算法的纱线疵点检测

针对纺织行业纱线疵点检测方法可靠性差、灵敏度低、检测速度低的问题,提出一种基于数字图像处理的纱线疵点判定方法。首先,搭建纱线图像采集系统,完成纱线图像采集;其次,针对纱线边缘信息难处理以及传统双边滤波对椒盐噪声处理效果差的问题,对双边滤波进行改进,改进后的双边滤波可有效保存纱线边缘信息;再者,针对传统阈值分割计算量大、最佳阈值难以寻找的问题,对传统阈值分割算法进行改进,改进的阈值分割算法在保证处理效果的同时提高了整体算法的处理速度;最后,采用亚像素对纱线边缘进行计算,提高了纱线疵点检测的精确度。实验结果验证了算法的有效性及可靠性,该算法在提高精确度的同时将检测速度提高了20%以上,对提高纱线质量检测的准确性具有重要意义。     

基于亚像素边缘检测的纱线条干均匀度测量

为了精确地评价纱线的表观条干均匀性,提出一种基于亚像素边缘检测的纱线条干均匀度检测方法。首先通过图像采集装置获取纱线图像;然后对纱线图像进行亚像素边缘检测获取纱线边缘点集;利用开运算对获取的边缘点集进行处理,进而获得纱线条干的边缘;最后采用坐标直方图方法计算纱线平均直径和条干CV值。为验证方法的有效性和准确性,对多种不同线密度的纯棉纱线进行测试,并将测试结果与电容式条干仪的均匀度检测及基于模糊C均值分类和Otsu图像法的检测结果进行了对比。结果表明:基于亚像素边缘检测的纱线条干均匀度检测方法与电容式的测量结果有着较好的一致性,证明所提方法可得到准确的结果。     

A two-scale attention model for intelligent evaluation of yarn surface qualities with computer vision

In this paper, an intelligent computer method for yarn surface grading is developed to analyze yarn board image and objectively evaluate yarn quality according to ASTM D2255.Both statistical features measuring the overall performance and relative features measuring salient regions are elaborately designed and selected. Statistical features are extracted to characterize the yarn body and hairiness. In relative feature extraction, a two-scale attention model is proposed and developed, which can fully imitate human attention at different observation distances for the whole and detailed yarn information. Global and individual Probabilistic Neural Networks (PNNs) are then designed for yarn quality evaluation based on eight-grade and five-grade classifications. A database, covering eight yarn densities (Ne7~ Ne80) and different surface qualities, was constructed with 296 yarn board images for the evaluation. The accuracy for eight- and five-grade global PNNs are 92.23 and 93.58%, respectively, demonstrating a good classification performance of the proposed method.     

A comparative study on yarn hairiness results from manual test and two commercial hairiness metres

The true hairiness (actual hair number and length) of ring, compact and rotor spun yarns was measured by means of a tedious manual method. The hairiness results were then compared with yarn hairiness results obtained from two commercial instruments (Uster tester and Zweigle Hairiness Meter). The comparative analysis between the measurement methods has revealed very significant discrepancy between the true hairiness results and that from commercial instruments, not only just in terms of the number of hairs, but also in terms of the hair-length distribution. The hair numbers obtained from manual method are much greater than that obtained from the hairiness metres, and the true hair-length distribution does not follow the well-known exponential decay. This study shows that the two existing hairiness measuring systems, while essential for rapid assessment of yarn hairiness, are not accurately measuring the true hairiness of spun yarns.     

纱线毛羽的方向性研究

为了利用毛羽方向的特性,有效控制毛羽增长幅度,达到降低毛羽,提高成纱质量的目的,从分析毛羽成因入手,介绍了毛羽方向性的形成原因、纱线毛羽方向的特性,重点研究了毛羽方向与纺纱过程的关系及毛羽方向性在新型纺纱中的特征。指出毛羽方向分为正向毛羽、反向毛羽、不定向毛羽三类,且三者之间可相互转换;毛羽方向与细纱卷绕密度,络筒退绕动程、络筒络纱速度、络纱张力,钢领钢丝圈、细纱至络筒摩擦倒向以及毛羽测试张力等关系密切,且络筒工序毛羽方向改变是毛羽增长的主要原因;毛羽方向性是纱线毛羽所具有的特征,控制络筒毛羽增长实质上就是减少倒向造成毛羽形态改变及方向发生改变后的定向,并不是真正的去除毛羽,利用毛羽的方向特性,可有效地控制毛羽的增长幅度,提高纱线质量。     

梯度空间下的丝饼表面缺陷检测

为解决工业生产中人工检测丝饼表面缺陷效率低、漏检率高的问题,提出了一种在梯度空间下根据图像信息熵变化和能量分布的差异来检测丝饼表面缺陷的方法。首先设计一套基于机器视觉的丝饼图像采集装置,用于获取传输过程中的丝饼表面图像;然后将丝饼图像转换到梯度空间域,构建一个信息熵和能量的组合特征用来表征缺陷,选择适当的临界阈值区分丝饼缺陷区域与正常区域;最后对分割出的丝饼缺陷利用形态学处理得到最终的检测结果。实验结果表明,该方法对丝饼表面污渍、压痕、起毛等缺陷具有较好的检测效果,缺陷识别准确率高、速度快,可满足工厂对检测准确性和实时性的要求,实现丝饼表面缺陷的自动化检测。     

A computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged warp yarns in yarn-dyed fabric. Part I: continuous segmentation of warp yarns

In textile and garment industries, misarranged warp yarns of yarn-dyed fabrics disorganize the layout of fabrics and lead to poor product quality. This series of studies aims to develop a computer vision-based system for automatic detection of misarranged color warp yarns in terms of high efficiency and good accuracy. Four main parts are included in this series of studies: warp yarn segmentation, fabric image stitching, warp regional segmentation, and yarn layout proofing. This paper proposes a continuous segmentation method of warp yarns to detect the misarranged color warp yarns for yarn-dyed fabrics automatically, which is the foundation of the developed computer vision-based system. The proposed framework consists of two main components: warp yarn segmentation and fabric image stitching. Firstly, the sequence images of a fabric stripe are captured using a designed offline image acquisition platform. Secondly, the warp yarns in the sequence images are segmented by a sub-image projection-based method successively. Thirdly, the sequence images are stitched by a yarn-template matching method based on their warp segmentation results. Finally, the continuous segmentation result of warp yarns is saved for the further processing of warp regional segmentation and color warp layout proofing. The proposed method has been evaluated on 720 fabric images of five fabric examples with plain and 2/2 twill, and experimental results show that the proposed method can realize the continuous segmentation of warp yarns in yarn-dyed fabrics with the yarn segmentation accuracy of 97.43% and image stitching accuracy of 99.53%.     

旋流喷嘴对不同线密度纱线的作用机制

为研究旋流喷嘴纺纱方法对不同线密度纱线的减羽效果,借助计算流体软件模拟旋流喷嘴内部气流特性及不同线密度纱线在气流作用下的压强与速度分布,并用纺纱试验进行验证。模拟结果表明,进入纱道后的气流沿顺时针方向分别朝纱道入口及出口方向运动,纱线表面毛羽主要受到气流的包裹力和由于纱线自转而产生的相对包裹力作用。气流的旋转特性使得纱道管壁附近的压强高于轴线附近,因此不同线密度纱线的表面所处涡流的位置不同,受到的气流包裹力也不同。纱线线密度较小,表面受到的压强分布密集,x、y、z 向速度波动较大,其中20 tex 纱线表面的压强和速度分布情况优于10、30、40 tex 的。研究结果表明,旋流喷嘴压强在0.2 MPa 下,对20 tex 大麻/ 棉（40/60）的减羽效果最优,达到了87.6%,与数值模拟结果一致。     

简论纱线毛羽的测试方法

叙述了毛羽的定义和形成过程，介绍了几种毛羽测试仪和测试方法，分析对比了测试结果和各自的优缺点，认为Zweigle C566型测试仪的毛羽指标更有可能成为紧密纱的一个重要性能指标。     

Measurement of yarn hairiness by digital image processing

In their effort to measure yarn hairiness at high speed, the commercially available yarn hairiness testers resort to indirect techniques. Measurement of true length of all hairs can only be done by observing the yarn under a microscope and obtaining a trace of hairs. An attempt was made in this work to automate this task using digital image processing. The challenges were two-fold. The first was development of an algorithm capable of analysing yarn images taken under varying lighting conditions and varying yarn positions. The second was determination of minimum requirement of the image-capturing instrument. Both of these have been reported in this work. A new hairiness index has been proposed and suggested as a better indicator of hairiness than the traditional definition.