感温变色材料在纺织品图案设计中的应用

为探索感温变色材料在纺织品上的创意设计及应用效果,将感温变色材料通过印花、纱线浸渍和涂覆植入织物等方式与传统纺织织物结合,利用感温变色材料在不同温度下呈现出不同颜色的特性,赋予织物多样的外观风格。搭配不同花型设计和织物组织结构,通过设计实验,探究了三种设计方案的实际应用效果。实验结果表明：感温变色材料应用于纺织品设计过程中,在图形、色彩、表面肌理效果等方面有显著的视觉表现力,能赋予织物感温变色特性。     

纺织生产过程温控系统的灰色预测控制

提出了利用灰色预测控制对纺织生产过程中温控系统进行控制.该算法采用改进的灰色模型对系统输出值进行预测,并采用单神经元PID控制器对控制量进行调整,使输出尽快达到设定值.以工业水浴锅温度控制为例,进行了仿真分析.结果表明, 该方法能够使系统较快达到稳定,并有较好的自适应性和鲁棒性,证明了该算法的有效性.     

工业化纺粘技术研究的回顾

纺粘法是所有非传统纺织材料成形工艺中生产能力最大的一种加工方法。按不同的工艺技术、树脂类型和产品定量 ,其生产速度的变化范围是 5 0m/min～ 6 0 0m/min ,比传统的加工方式速度快很多倍。考虑到生产效率的因素 ,长丝的生产速度为 2 0 0 0m/min～ 80 0 0m/min ,产品幅宽不小于 3 0m ,最宽达 5 2m。尽管最普遍的定量范围是 17g/m2 ～ 180g/m2 ,而该产品的定量是 10g/m2 ～ 80 0g/m2 。超细纺粘非织造布 (纤维直径小于 10 μm)的纤网均匀度和强力得到进一步的改善。本文阐述了工业化纺粘技术的发展、主要应用和技术含量。     

Application of stitch-bonded multi‐plies made by using the extended warp knitting process: reinforcements with symmetrical layer arrangement for concrete

With the development of the extended stitch‐bonding process, an important modification of the production process for stitch‐bonded fabrics was realized. Through the introduction of a lateral shift of the needle bar, the stitch‐bonding process is essentially being changed compared with the working method used before. This has made possible the manufacturing of optimally adjusted textile semi‐finished products for numerous applications in the field of composite material. One such application – the usage of stitch‐bonded fabrics as a textile reinforcement for concrete – is analyzed in this article. It was observed that promising possibilities for the use of the extended stitch‐bonding process result from overcoming the known restrictions during the production with conventional stitch‐bonding machines. A markedly improved quality of textile reinforcement is achieved through the new binding patterns and the free arrangement of the layers. The reinforcement shows a verifiable better bonding behavior than the conventional method. Therefore, it is guaranteed that there is no spalling on the concrete surface at service load, which is an important prerequisite for the practical use of textile‐reinforced concrete.     

除臭纺织品的进展:效果评价

描述了除臭纺织品除臭效果的评价方法.详细讨论了SMOG法及其改进方法,它通过吸附-解吸-平衡原理评价织物的臭味控制效果,可直接用于筛选具有除臭潜势的光催化材料,如二氧化钛等.     

The formation and performance of auxetic textiles. Part I: theoretical and technical considerations

Auxetic textiles belong to a class of extraordinary materials that become fatter when stretched. Sustained efforts to fabricate auxetic fabric structures are limited. Indeed, several geometrical configurations have been previously proposed but none has been engineered into functional auxetic textile fabrics. The use of auxetic materials has been limited because of problems with deploying them in their fabricated forms. Our thrust in this research is to combine our knowledge of geometry and fabric structural characteristics to engineer auxetic textiles and to determine the properties of such auxetic textile fabrics. In this paper, we have presented the technique we developed for producing several knit structures in which filling yarn inlays are used to effect compound repeating units. In these productions, the chain is used as a base structure and a minimum of two guide bars and maximum of six guide bars are deployed to produce such warp knit auxetic fabrics.     

用低温界面聚合法制备多功能核壳结构热电织物

为制备导电率高且柔性的多功能热电织物,采用低温原位聚合法制备了对甲苯磺酸离子掺杂聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PEDOT:Tos)包覆聚丙烯纤维的核壳结构热电织物.借助扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、红外热成像仪对热电织物的结构和性能进行表征与分析.结果表明:热电织物兼具织物优异柔韧性和PEODT:Tos良好的导电...     

涤纶石墨烯/Modal混纺针织两面派面料的开发

石墨烯具有优异的电力学性能,并能赋予纺织面料许多功能性效果,逐渐应用于纺织功能性面料的开发中。但因石墨烯材料自身颜色限制,当其添加在纺织原材料中会使面料呈现深灰色系。为了获得不同色彩效应的石墨烯针织面料,采用涤纶石墨烯/Modal混纺纱线与不同的色纱一起开发了两款两面派的针织面料,色纱形成的线圈显露在面料正面,石墨烯混纺纱线显露于反面,这使石墨烯材料贴近人体皮肤发挥其功能化效果的同时满足消费者对不同色彩面料的需求。     

Development and evaluation of dustless fabrics for medical applications

Dust-free fabrics and garments are essentially used in hospitals to maintain hygiene in operation theatres and also in various other industrial establishments, such as cleaning electronic chip manufacturing rooms. It is also needed for personal health care of allergy and asthma patients. In order to design a dust-free fabric, it is very important to study the characteristics of the textile materials that influence dust attraction. In this work, the dust particle size and its distribution on different types of fabrics with different fibre types have been studied making use of non-conventional instruments. As of today, there is no instrumental technique available for studying the dust concentration on textile substrates. Therefore, there is a need for developing an instrument that would measure dust particle size and their concentration on textile materials. A digital dust analyzer has been developed for this purpose. This instrument is calibrated by standard dust particles that have similar properties as that of atmospheric dust particles. The reference dust particle size falls in the range of 0.1–198 μ m. A set of fabrics were selected to study the effect of fabric properties towards dust attraction. The results revealed that lowest dust accumulation occurs on plain woven 100% polyester fabrics followed by polyester–cotton blends. The dust-less fabrics developed through different techniques such as polyurethane coating, silicone finishing and weaving of metallic filaments showed satisfactory improvement in their functional properties. Polyurethane coated fabrics give best results followed by silicone finish fabrics and metallic yarn woven fabrics. Based on the analysis and understanding of the results, some of the factors influencing the dust affinity of fabrics are established.     

聚马来酸对棉的无甲醛抗皱整理

棉织物的抗皱整理已不能满足当代人对＂易护理＂纺织材料的需求。传统可改善棉织物抗皱性的耐久定型整理大多基于N-羟甲基甲醛化合物,如二-羟甲基二羟基乙烯脲（DMDHEU）或其衍生物与棉纤维在高温下缩合反应而获得。然而,此定型整理过程中释放的甲醛已被认为是潜在的人类致癌物。过去20年来,人们致力于开发无甲醛交联剂,最具发展潜力的无甲醛试剂当属1,2,3,4 BTCA的多羧酸及马来酸的聚合物。由于1,2,3,4 BTCA的成本高于聚马来酸,因此商业应用较复杂。与纤维素底物进行酯交联的反应由次磷酸钠进行催化。讨论了聚马来酸的应用,研究了它对棉织物各种性能（如抗皱回复角、拉伸强度、撕裂强度及耐磨性等）的影响,并比较了经聚马来酸和DMDHEU处理的织物的性能。     

超声波技术在中央厨房食品加工中的应用研究进展

中央厨房是餐饮和食品行业发展的必然趋势，但在中央厨房集中采购、加工、储运环节过程中，传统加工方式不能满足中央厨房工业化运作。因此，需要新的高效处理技术来提高中央厨房的运营效率和食品安全控制。超声波技术是一种非热物理加工技术，不仅可以对原辅料及产品进行无损检测，还可以实现加工过程的精确控制和更高程度的自动化。该综述概述了超声波技术的机理，系统地阐述了超声波技术在中央厨房的原辅料和厨房用具的清洗、冷冻和腌制等加工操作的应用、产品杀菌、产品储运以及加工过程及产品进行无损检测。通过文献综述发现，超声波技术在中央厨房加工过程中非常具有应用价值，可以有效解决中央厨房在低清洁效率、高营养损失、高能耗、产品保质期短和自动化运行带来的挑战等问题。     

Physical interpretation of pulling-out curve based on a new apparatus

A new apparatus that measures multiple mechanical properties through a single test in principle has been developed and presented, which could be used for handle evaluation of textile materials. The characterization system of the handle properties of fabrics and yarns (CHS-FY) is also capable of measuring mechanical properties, including the weight, bending, friction, and tensile behaviour, through just one pulling-out measurement.

The measurement principle and structure of the CHS-FY system is described and the relations between mechanical properties and indexes of the pulling-out curve are investigated in the paper. The extraction force and distance curve was obtained and have been compared with the mechanical behaviour of fabrics as determined by Kawabata's Evaluation System for Fabrics (KES-FB) system. The mechanical properties correlate well with the characteristic indexes of the pulling-out curve, and the pulling-out curve could be divided into several steps, which include weight, bending, friction, and tensile behaviour. The steps mentioned above were validated from deformation by constructing a three-point beam structure. The high accuracy and correlations between mechanical behaviour and the pulling-out curve indexes show that the CHS-FY system is effective in measuring and characterizing the mechanical properties of fabrics.     

增强水泥基用经编多轴向网格织物结构设计

针对增强水泥基用的经编多轴向网格织物进行结构设计,通过对增强水泥基复合材料所用的经编多轴向网格织物结构特点进行分析,以增强水泥基复合材料为出发点,从经编多轴向织物的网格尺寸和力学性能角度,对增强纱原料和规格的选择、增强纱的铺设方向和排纱方式以及捆绑结构的设计等方面进行了阐述,随后讨论,得出了关于纱线间隙和织物面密度的计算方法,最后设计和生产某种规格的经编四轴向网格织物,并对此织物的力学性能的验证,证明可以根据实践中水泥基复合材料的要求设计出相应的多轴向网格结构。     

针织物厚度的精确测量

织物厚度采用织物厚度仪进行测量,由一定质量的压脚对织物表面施加一定压强,通过压脚的升降测量压脚停止时的位置高度.机织物采用这种测量方法能得到实际的数值,而对针织物而言,预加载荷对测试结果有很大的影响.最近的一个研究项目旨在估计这种误差,以判定该位置高度是否适合推断空载状态下的织物的厚度.     

数据驱动的机器人化纺织生产智能管控系统研究进展

我国纺织产业规模庞大、生产流程长、用工量大,全流程自动化生产仍难以实现。建设数据驱动的机器人化纺织生产智能管控系统,对于推动我国纺织业由劳动密集型向少人或无人化生产转型升级具有重要的作用。系统回顾了纺织机器人生产系统的发展历程,提出了数据驱动的机器人化纺织生产智能管控系统体系架构,从装备层、数据层、应用层探讨了补全流程断点的多类型纺织机器人、多链融合的纺织全流程数字主线、多应用协同的纺织生产智能管控3项关键技术及应用,并对实际应用中的问题和挑战进行总结。最后指出高速实时性、灵巧精密性、自主协同性纺织机器人,及具备可解释性、可持续性、韧性的纺织生产智能管控系统是未来可能的发展方向。     

织物阻燃涂层新工艺的研究进展

针对传统的织物阻燃处理一般采用添加含卤等阻燃剂,存在对环境危害大,应用范围相对小的不足,在备受国内外研究者关注的阻燃涂层工艺研究基础上,系统介绍了可赋予天然或合成纤维及其织物优良阻燃性能的各种新型阻燃涂层技术,即溶胶凝胶法、层层自组装法以及生物大分子沉积技术,分别阐述了３ 种方法用于织物阻燃整理的具体工艺及其各自的国内外研究进展。与溶胶凝胶和层层自组装技术相比,针对生物大分子沉积技术的研究相对较少,但其为纺织材料阻燃整理提供了一种新的可持续发展路线,也为织物阻燃涂层的设计提供了新思路。     

空气层及织物层数对通过纺织品热量损失的影响

由热量通过纺织品传递的基本规律入手 ,建立了描述热量通过纺织品传递的理论模型 ,利用有限元分析方法完成了相应的理论计算 ,并通过实验对理论分析结果进行验证。分析过程中针对纯棉织物 ,由织物外层表面温度及一定时间内总的热量损失等入手 ,从理论及实验 2个方面阐述了织物层数、人体与织物之间的空气层、织物间空气层在不同的环境温度下对热量传递的影响。     

声学分析测定织物手感

与织物的视觉外观相同,织物的手感也是消费者购买纺织品的评价指标。影响织物手感的因素很多：纤维、纱线及其表面结构和后处理。测定纺织品特定手感性能的目的是用客观数值的方式表征其手感特点。介绍了一个可以定量描述织物手感特点和柔软性的测试系统,该测试系统是在声学分析的基础上进行测试的。     

基于数码技术的提花织物设计方法

随着电子提花机和计算机辅助设计系统的普及应用，提花织物的设计和生产进入了全新的数码时代，本文比较分析了传统和数码提花织物产品特点和设计方法的差异，并通过设计实例提出合理的数码提花织物设计方法，有助于数码提花织物新产品的开发和纺织品CAD技术的研发。