关于化工设备备件管理方法分析

设备是生产制造企业的基础,设备的"安、稳、长、满、优"运行也是企业所追求的目标。一旦设备投入生产运行,作为设备管理必将开展设备的维护保养、检修、备件的管理工作。其中备件的管理是设备管理工作中非常重要的工作之一,将直接占用企业的资金,影响现金流,储备数量不合理还可能造成备件的失效、损坏。这些都将造成企业的损失。因此备件的管理,必须从备件的计划、审核审批、采购管控、库存管理方面实施动态管理。     

水泥生产线备品备件分析预测与计划

备品备件的分析预测与计划是保证水泥生产企业正常运转的基本工作,如何在设备故障之前准备好常用的备品备件是企业管理中一项非常重要而又有技术含量的工作。通过总结分析一系列方法使水泥生产企业备品备件的预测计划变得有规可循,通过这些方法的使用,企业管理人员能方便快捷的做好备品备件的分析、预测、计划和采购等工作,保证设备运转率,提高生产水平,同时为企业在备品备件方面节约成本。     

Modernization of the OK-5M bobbins

Conclusions The selected trend in modernizing the OK-5M bobbin makes it possible to considerably increase its mechanical reliability, and ensures an improvement in winding quality and an increase in the yarn weight on a package.The introduction of the modernized OK-5M bobbins into manufacturing will make it possible to reduce the consumption of bobbins, increase the productivity of labor and equipment, and to reduce waste of tire cord yarns.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 53–54, May–June, 1984.     

Effect of the preparation Teprém-6 on the corrosion failure of metallic fibre-guiding fittings

Conclusions In a Teprém-6 emulsion medium, St3 steel with a chromium coating which has an assigned micro-relief is more corrosion-resistant than the alloyed steel 9Kh18.Coating the surfaces of fibre-guide equipment with chromium is economically more advisable than making it out of stainless steel.To ensure long operability of metallic fibre-guide equipment and units for applying TA, it is necessary to chrome-plate the parts, selecting an optimum form and micro-relief for them.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 42–43, May–June, 1986.     

Use of a lime-sulfur precipitant for purification of wastewater from viscose manufacturing

Conclusions It has been shown that it is very rational to carry out the process of cleaning up zinc-containing wastewater from the manufacture of viscose fibres by precipitating the zinc at pH 7.3–8.5 using a lime-sulfur precipitant. This will make it possible, in cleaning up 1 m³ of wastewater, to reduce the consumption of lime by 0.23 kg, the consumption of sulfuric acid by 0.25 kg, and to avoid secondary contamination of the wastewater with sulfates.The sulfur obtained as a by-product in the process of freeing exhaust discharges from viscose manufacturing from hydrogen sulfide is used for the preparation of the lime-sulfur precipitant.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, p. 20, November–December, 1984.     

Carbon fibres from isotropic petroleum pitch

Conclusions -- Some basic features of processes for preparing isotropic petroleum pitch and carbon fibres based on it have been examined.-- Data have been given which support the advisability and efficiency of using such fibres to make parts and units for equipment in various branches of the national economy.VNIIPV. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 10–13, May–June, 1991.     

Semiacid ladle brick based on low-fired chamotte,quartz sand,and Ch1PK clay

Conclusions Dense semiacid products based on low-fired chamotte can be obtained by adding 15–30% quartz sand to the batch. The articles need to be fired at 1260±30–40°C. Firing at temperatures above 1300° and below 1230 even by 20–40° reduces the apparent density and after-expansion of the products.Preliminary testing in service showed that the wear of the semiacid ladle brick is 10% less than that of dense kaolinized brick.Using the proposed technology it is necessary to produce large batches of semiacid refractories, observing the optimum parameters of their manufacture in order to establish the economic effectiveness and advantages of organizing the industrial production of such articles.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 9–15, August, 1969.     

Transporting slurry for the production of seawater magnesia

Conclusions Hydrated magnesium oxide slurry produced from vacuum filters is unsatisfactorily handled by transportation with belt conveyers and augers.By mechanical blending the slurry into a constant volume it can be transmitted in the homogeneous liquid state, and in this form can be pumped with a gear pump.The expansion of the production of magnesium oxide from brine makes it necessary to use pumping equipment with a capacity of 30–40 m/h. Therefore it is necessary to continue research work in this direction for the design of pumps of the necessary output.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 24–27, March, 1969.     

Promising technology in the preparation of viscose textile yarn

Conclusions A technology for the preparation of viscose textile yarns has been described which makes it possible to automate the technological process, mechanize labor-intensive operations, increase labor productivity by 30–40%, increase take-up of product from a unit area by a factor of 1.5–2.0, reduce the energy-intensity of the process by 20%, and reduce the carbon disulfide concentration in the working zone to 1–3 mg/m³.This technology can be recommended for the reconstruction of operating manufacturing units and the construction of new plants.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 5–7, May–June, 1988.     

Periclase-spinel products based on sintered materials for vacuum treatment of steel outside the furnace

Conclusions A technology was developed for periclass-spinel, low-silica chrome-concentrate (SiO₂ <1.5%) and sintered periclase (MgO 91–92%, SiO₂ < 3%). As regards the resistance in the walls of the metal zone of circulation vacuum equipment, these refractories are not inferior to PKhP periclase-chromite goods made from fused materials.In the production of PShKh articles it is recommended that titanium additives be used to ensure sintering of the chrome-concentrate to a low porosity, and to stabilize the properties of goods made with it.It is desirable to make wider tests of these refractories in vacuum units of different types. The introduction of PShKh articles based on sintered materials in the walls instead of PKhP articles should reduce the consumption of scarce fused materials for vacuum treatment and cut the costs of the linings.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 32–36, July, 1991.Deceased.     

Effect of skin on the lining resistance of a rotary kiln burning dolomites

Conclusions A decisive influence is exerted on the resistance of the lining of a rotary kiln by the skin. For the formation of a protective layer (skin) it is necessary to select fractions of burnt dolomite so that only the finest parts (up to 10 mm) are subjected to strong sintering and attachment to the working surface of the lining. After the formation of the skin it is necessary to reduce the furnace charge of the easily sintered dolomite by 10–12%.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 17–19, June, 1973.     

低碳、节能为车用陶瓷材料带来无限商机

作为机动设备和车辆零部件,刹车制动部件是机动设备与车辆最主要的安全部件之一。提高安全性能、减少环境污染和噪音污染、延长使用寿命应该是摩擦材料发展的大趋势。在很多车用制动摩擦材料中,陶瓷刹车片凸显优势,它是摩擦材料中的一个有潜力的新品种,具有明显的性能优势而极具市场前景。针对车用陶瓷材料的市场商机,介绍了汽车制动器摩擦材料的发展变迁,阐述了车用陶瓷及刹车材料的产品结构及应用范围,研究了陶瓷刹车片使用中的性能特征;同时指出了车用陶瓷及刹车材料的研发和未来前景。     

Increasing the efficiency of water-recirculation systems operation

Conclusions To raise the operational efficiency of water recirculation systems, it is necessary to develop a closed water supply system and to carry out treatment with reagents.Of all the investigated inhibitors for recirculation water in the manufacture of man-made fibre, the zinc-bichromate-phosphate inhibitor is the most effective.Use of the zinc-bichromate-phosphate inhibitor reduces the corrosion rate five- to seven-fold depending in the physicochemical composition of the recirculation water, and reduces the corrosion resistance figure by two units.The inhibitor is effective over a wide range of concentrations of dissolved mineral salts (2000–10,000 mg/liter).Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 55–57, May–June, 1985.     

Optimization of the water preparation regime in water-softening stations of branch plants

Conclusions As a result of following the operation of water-softening stations, recommendations have been developed for increasing their efficiency.Realization of the proposed measures will make it possible to cut down the consumption of reagents and water for inherent needs of the water-softening stations, and to reduce the salt content of the wastewater. Thereupon, the economic benefit will be 25,000–50,000 rubles/year for a typical water-softening station.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 44–46, January–February, 1984.     

Firing Shchelkov and Dankov dolomites in rotary kilns with oxygen-enriched air

Conclusions As a result of enriching the air with oxygen to 23.5–24.9% during the firing of dolomite in a rotary kiln, the flame temperature is increased to 1900–1980°C, that is, by 150–185°C; the burnt dolomite, if the raw materials meet the requirements of ChMTU 8-22-67, satisfy the requirements of ChMTU 8-21-67 in terms of chemical composition and apparent density; the specific consumption of raw materials is 16–20% less, the specific yield is 40–50% greater, and the specific consumption of standard fuel is 10–14% less. The consumption of additional oxygen is 150–175 m³/ton of burnt dolomite.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 18–21, August, 1972.     

A method of forming of ceramic parts

Conclusions For the first time in domestic practice the proposed method of forming of ceramic parts made it possible to obtain parts on standard presses with a height 1.5–2.0 times greater than those shown in the characteristics of existing equipment.The introduction of the prepressing chamber improves the quality of standard production parts.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 33–35, June, 1986.     

Procedural bases for standardizing water use in branch plants

Conclusions Standardization of water use in branch plants will make it possible to determine limits for water use, to plan measures for current and future periods, to put in order the allowance for water consumption and its control, to reduce the consumption of fresh water as compared with its actual consumption, and to ensure fulfillment of planned figures on water use.A procedure is described for calculating specific norms in water consumption in the manufacture of viscose fibre.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 45–47, November–December, 1983.     

Corrosion resistance of aluminum and its alloys under the operating conditions of viscose manufacturing gas conduits

Conclusions In conformity with the data obtained, technical aluminum, grade A7 (or AD00) can be recommended for making discharge tubes at viscose fibre plants.Considering that discharge tube lines are expensive equipment designed for long-term use, it is advisable to use a supplemental polymeric protection for the aluminum, for example, chemically resistant, cold-setting sealing agents.The use of conduit tubes of 10.5 mm thick aluminum having a polymer protective coat instead of wooden ones will make it possible to reduce expenditures for making them by a factor of 2–3, and will essentially eliminate costs for repair work.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 17–19, September–October, 1988.     

Obtaining dense powder from Satkinsk magnesite beneficiated by flotation

Conclusions Enrichment of Satkinsk magnesite by flotation yields a product containing (calculated on the calcined substance) 94.2–96.5% MgO, 0.3–0.4% SiO₂ and 1.4–2.8% CaO.Enriched magnesite consists of dispersed powder with a relatively narrow particle-size range. A large quantity of particles have dimensions of 0.2–0.063 mm. The concentration of particles measuring less than 0.063 mm did not exceed 55%.In order to obtain dense powder it is necessary to carry out additional fine grinding of the enriched magnesite, ensuring a concentration of fractions less than 0.063 mm of at least 95%, reducing the average particle size by a factor of 4–6 (down to 10) and followed by briquetting of the milled material.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 1–5, July, 1970.     

轿车发动机盖备件PVC打胶器具的探究

基于目前轿车发动机仓盖在涂装PVC备件生产过程中,发动机仓盖内表面PVC胶条无法涂胶,与工装器具干涉及湿膜状态下碰伤严重,员工操作困难、劳动强度大等一系列问题所设计的一种器具。简单地说,就是根据备件生产模式,针对关键环节而设计的一种符合线体所需,提高产品质量,提高生产效率,减少员工劳动强度的简易PVC备件生产器具。