矿石中氰化堆浸提金若干问题的研讨

论述了矿石浸法提金的可行性论证的重要性。点评了氰化溶金机理,研讨了工艺中的若干问题。     

矿石中氰化堆浸提金若干问题的研讨

论述了矿石堆浸法提金的可行性论证的重要性。点评了氰化溶金机理。研讨了工艺中的若干问题。     

氧化金矿石强化氰化浸出实验研究

针对某氧化金矿石的特性,提出采用过氧化钙强化氰化浸出工艺进行处理,实验结果表明,金的浸出率可达89.37%～92.41%,在浸出过程中加入活性炭,金的浸出率可达95.19%～98.73%,银的浸出率可达42.94%～48.12%.     

自含砷含碳难处理金矿中提金研究──Ⅱ.硫氨脱砷-铜氨催化氧化-氰化

针对甘肃坪定金矿含金、砷高，脉石碱度高，砷矿物中雌黄、雄黄高的特点，研究了硫氨脱砷－铜氨催化氧化－氰化新工艺，采用了三种新技术，即稀氨水溶解雌黄、雄黄湿法转化为雌黄以及在氨水中氧化时用铜离子作催化剂.本研究为小型实验，结果为其后进行的3kg级扩试所证实。     

自含砷合碳难处理金矿中提取金的研究─Ⅰ.氨水脱砷-石灰加压氧化-氰化

针对甘肃省坪定金矿含金、砷高、金部分地赋存于脉石、脉石为碱性、属于难选难冶矿的特点，提出了氨水脱砷－石灰加压氧化－氰化新工艺．当原矿含金8．7g／t及13．0％砷时，砷可脱除95％，金可浸出85％．技术及经济指标预计均较满意．     

山西运城盐湖水中的矿物质、盐藻对皮肤的保湿和抗衰老作用

皮肤的衰老与细胞能量供给有着密切的关系。线粒体是细胞能量的供应者,是细胞产生ATP（三磷酸腺苷）的主要场所。当线粒体老化或被自由基攻击之后,线粒体会失去活性。用含有高浓度二价离子矿物质的运城盐湖水和盐湖水中的盐生杜氏藻组成的皮肤护理液,可以提高皮肤的保湿性能,刺激线粒体产生ATP,促进细胞更新,激励皮肤细胞功能性增强,增加皮肤亮度和皮肤的抗衰老作用。     

难浸含砷炭金精矿预先酸浸-焙烧-氰化工艺实验研究

某地难浸含砷炭金精矿采用预先酸浸,然后进行焙烧,氰化浸出,研究了酸浸条件对金浸出率的影响。结果表明,较优酸浸条件为硫酸浓度100 g/L,添加氯酸钠活化剂5 g/kg,酸浸温度50℃,酸浸时间6 h;630℃焙烧2 h;氰化浸出采用二浸二洗流程,氰化钠浓度控制在0.15%~0.20%,氰化浸出时间为(24+12)h。在此条件下,金的浸出率可高达93%。     

运城盐湖水在SPA水疗中的应用

前言 SPA起源于十六世纪的比利时小镇SPAU，SPA是希腊语Solusparaqua的缩写，即健康在水中。水是SPA的重要媒介，水中有益人体健康的成分在洗浴或漂浮过程中通过亲和渗透作用进入人体。利用矿物质浓度高、能使人体自然漂浮的水进行SPA水疗效果最好，例如以色列死海水及有“中国死海”之誉的运城盐湖水。     

含能羟基吡啶铅铜盐用作RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃烧催化剂

研究了6种含能羟基吡啶铅、铜盐对RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响。研究发现：含硝基的羟基吡啶铅盐具有较好的催化燃烧作用和降低压强指数的能力，尤其是2-羟基-3，5-二硝基吡啶铅盐，其催化效率最高，含能羟基吡啶铜盐的催化作用不明显。2-羟基-3，5-二硝基吡啶铅盐和4-羟基-3，5-二硝基吡啶铅盐催化效果产生差异的原因是两者热分解历程不同，最后生成的碳量不同。     

含氰废盐的高温纯化工艺研究

在氰乙酸酯生产过程中,有大量含氰废盐渣产生。含氰废渣为高剧毒物,如不处理,对环境和人类造成极大的危害。本文采用高温灼烧法对废盐进行处理,从灼烧温度、灼烧时间两方面探讨了去除盐渣中氰和有机物的最适工艺条件。该处理方法除氰效率高,能耗小,可有效降低处理成本,所得到的产品可用于氯碱工业,适合工业化使用。     

Electro-recovery of gold and silver from a cyanide leaching solution using a three-dimensional reactor

The selective electro-recovery of gold and silver values from cyanide leaching solutions containing copper was accomplished in a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical reactor. This case let to contrast three different points of view when dealing with a composed metallic solution: First, the thermodynamic predictions; second, the microelectrolysis approach and finally, the macroelectrolysis experiments. Standard electrode potentials for the study solution would indicate a tendency for gold to deposit first. However, microelectrolysis studies of the three-metallic solution indicated that gold and silver are co-deposited onto a Vitreous carbon (VC) electrode without copper interference in a narrow potential range. Mass balances during the macroelectrolysis experiments (batch model assuming mass transfer control) indicated a preferential deposition of silver during the first ten minutes, even if gold deposition also occurred. On the other hand, values of Stanton (St) for different linear flow velocity corroborated that metals concentration gradients may establish a limit to make profitable the fluid velocity increase in an electrochemical flow cell. Electrolysis experiments were carried out under potentiostatic (at −1400 mV versus SCE) and galvanostatic (at −3.9 Am⁻²) conditions in the FM-01 LC flow cell.     

以高镁卤水为原料生产高活性氧化镁新工艺研究

以运城盐湖高镁卤水为原料,通过除杂反应、沉淀反应、煅烧反应制备高活性氧化镁。研究了原料浓度与配比、反应温度、反应时间对沉淀反应的影响以及煅烧温度对氧化镁相对密度的影响。结果表明,沉淀反应中反应温度70℃,反应时间60 min,镁和铵的摩尔比为1∶1.2以及煅烧反应温度为600~700℃时,可得到吸碘值在140~180 mg/g的高活性氧化镁,产品质量达到并超过了进口产品的标准。     

钠硝石矿中硝酸钠水溶浸取过程研究

对钠硝石矿中硝酸钠水溶浸取过程进行了研究。为了提高浸取液中硝酸钠的质量分数,选择不同浸取时间、不同固液质量比进行了水溶液浸取实验。实验结果表明:钠硝石矿水溶液浸取速度较快,不同固液质量比条件下均在10 min内达到平衡;相同时间条件下,固液质量比以1.0为宜。硝酸钠的浸取率达90%。25℃下,选取钠硝石矿与浸取液固液质量比为1.0,浸取时间为10 min,经6次重复后,浸取液中各种盐的浓度与首次浸取液相比:硝酸钠质量分数由5.54%增加到29.58%;氯化钠质量分数由12.03%减少到11.89%;硫酸钠质量分数由3.22%降低到1.87%。结合相图分析,提出了实际生产中采取分级喷淋方式浸出硝酸钠的方案。     

卤水锂资源提锂现状

以国外主要卤水锂资源开发成就为例,说明现在及将来应注重从含锂卤水中提取锂的重要性。文中涉及的卤水资源有智利Ａｔａｃａｍａ,阿根廷Ｈｏｍｂｒｅ Ｍｕｅｒｔｏ,玻利维亚Ｕｙｕｎｉ等盐沼及美国Ｓｉｌｖｅｒ Ｐｅａｋ。对智利Ａｔａｃａｍａ卤水成功开发情况的介绍,可以为我国开发扎布耶及其他盐湖卤水中的锂提供对比资料。     

污泥龄对SBR处理含HA和Cu~(2+)废水的影响

以模拟生活污水为对象,研究SRT分别为10、15、20、25 d的情况下,SBR系统对COD、NH4+-N、HA和Cu2+的去除效果以及TTC-ETS的变化。试验结果表明:SRT为20 d时,SBR系统处理含有10 mg/L HA和2 mg/L Cu2+的模拟生活污水效果较好,此时COD、NH4+-N、HA、Cu2+去除率分别为92.65%、99.42%、96.98%、95.55%。SRT的变化并未明显改变TTC-ETS的趋势,呈现出先下降再上升最后下降的变化。与空白组相比,试验组的TTC-ETS受到HA和Cu2+的抑制。在单周期内0、2、4、6、8、10 h TTC-ETS的抑制率分别为26.13%、76.39%、79.50%、79.61%、49.59%、39.31%。     

“兑卤脱钠·控速分解结晶”论——由氯化物型含钾卤水制氯化钾新工艺的理论与实践

针对目前我国以氯化物型含钾盐湖卤水为原料生产氯化钾工艺的应用局限 ,详细论述了由中昊钾盐工程技术中心开发出的兑卤脱钠控速分解结晶法制优质氯化钾 (4#工艺 )新工艺的工艺原理、工艺过程、技术创新点 ,并与以色列技术进行了对比 ,简述了此新技术在行业的应用情况     

离子膜电槽送电初期淡盐水含游离氯高的解决方案

介绍了离子膜电槽送电初期脱氯淡盐水含游离氯的情况,分析了造成脱氯淡盐水中游离氯含量高的原因并确定了解决方案。     

高效微生物处理含胺选矿药剂生产废水试验研究

脂肪胺类浮选剂及阳离子表面活性剂生产中产生的高COD、高氪氮废水,采用常规生化处理工艺难以处理达标,采用高效微生物＋A／O工艺试验取得了好的处理效果,达到了国家一级排放标准。     

Fabrication of porous silicon by metal-assisted etching using highly ordered gold nanoparticle arrays

ABSTRACT: A simple method for the fabrication of porous silicon (Si) by metal-assisted etching was developed using gold nanoparticles as catalytic sites. Etching masks were prepared by spin-coating of colloidal gold nanoparticles onto Si. Appropriate functionalization of the gold nanoparticle surface prior to the deposition step enabled the formation of quasi-hexagonally ordered arrays by self-assembly which were translated into an array of pores by subsequent etching in a HF solution containing H2O2. The quality of the pattern transfer depended on the chosen preparation conditions for the gold nanoparticle etching mask. The influence of the Si surface properties were investigated by using either hydrophilic or hydrophobic Si substrates resulting from piranha solution or HF treatment, respectively. The polymer coated gold nanoparticles had to be thermally treated in order to provide direct contact at the metal/Si interface which is required for the following metal-assisted etching. Plasma-treatment as well as flame annealing were successfully applied. Best results were obtained for Si substrates which were treated with HF prior to spin-coating and flame annealed in order to remove the polymer matrix. The presented method opens up new resources for the fabrication of porous silicon by metal-assisted etching. Here, the vast variety of metal nanoparticles accessible by well-established wet-chemical synthesis can be employed for the fabrication of the etching masks.     

The use of farmgate balances and soil surface balances as estimator for nitrogen leaching to surface water

Farmgate balances (FGBs), defined as the difference between nutrient input and nutrient output at farm level, are currently used as a tool to monitor changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) leaching to groundwater and surface water. We postulate that the estimator value of FGBs for N and P leaching to groundwater and surface water depends on (1) the distribution of N and P surpluses over fields within farms, and (2) the partitioning of the surplus over the various nutrient loss pathways. In this study, we assessed intra-farm variability of N and P surpluses and its possible consequences on N leaching to surface waters. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of policies to decrease N and P surpluses at farm level on N and P surpluses at field level. FGBs were derived for six dairy farms in a hydrologically rather isolated polder with grassland on peat soil for three years (1999, 2000 and 2001). Soil surface balances (SSBs), defined as the differences between nutrient input and nutrient output at field level, were derived for the accompanying 65 fields for the same years. On average, FGB surpluses decreased from 271 kg N ha^–1 y^–1 and 22 kg P ha^–1 y^–1 in 1999 to 213 kg N ha^–1 y^–1 and 13 kg P ha^–1 y^–1 in 2001. Variances in N and P surpluses between fields per farm were compared with variances between farms. For N, variances between fields per farm exceeded variances between farms for all years. A non-linear model was fitted on the measured N loading of the surface water. This model showed that N leaching to surface water was underestimated by 5–46% if the variability in N surpluses between fields per farm was not taken into account. We concluded that estimation of N leaching to surface water, based on data at farm level, can lead to underestimation of the N leaching due to the large variability in N surpluses between fields per farm. The extent of this bias by a given distribution of N surpluses within farms was largely controlled by the partitioning of the N surplus over the various nutrient loss pathways, notably denitrification.