Ce/ZnO纳米复合抗菌剂的制备及其性能研究

以纳米氧化锌(ZnO)为载体,采用稀土离子掺杂的方法制备了Ce/ZnO纳米复合抗菌剂。通过TEM、XRD等技术对样品进行表征,结果表明:制备的Ce/ZnO复合粉体是一种纳米复合抗菌剂,粒径在20nm左右,并且铈以CeO2的化学态存在于Ce/ZnO复合粉体表面,在ZnO的位置上进行了有效掺杂。掺杂稀土铈有效的提高了纳米ZnO的光催化性能以及抗菌效果。     

银掺杂纳米氧化锌复合抗菌剂的制备及其性能研究

以纳米ZnO为载体,采用金属离子掺杂的方法制备了Ag/ZnO复合抗菌剂。通过TEM、XRD和XPS等技术对样品进行表征。实验结果表明:制备的Ag/ZnO复合粉体是一种纳米复合抗菌剂,粒径在18nm左右,并且银以Ag2O的化学态存在于Ag/ZnO复合粉体表面,在ZnO的位置上进行了有效掺杂。掺杂银有效的提高了纳米ZnO的光催化性能以及抗菌效果。     

Fe、Ce单复合掺杂纳米氧化锌粉体的制备及其光催化性能研究

纳米ZnO材料因特殊的禁带宽度和开放性结构,易掺杂其他金属或者非金属元素,具有良好的催化性能。本文通过溶胶-凝胶法,制备了Fe、Ce单复合掺杂纳米ZnO粉体,对样品进行了表征分析,并以甲基橙为目标降解物,测定了单复合掺杂纳米氧化锌粉体在不同紫外光催化下的性能,考察了紫外灯强度、光照时间对催化效率的影响。结果表明,相比纯的纳米ZnO粉体、Fe、Ce单复合掺杂纳米ZnO的降解效果更好。当催化剂用量为3g/L、在紫外灯30W光照下、光照时间为4h,Fe/Ce共掺杂纳米ZnO材料的降解率可达12.31%。     

Ce掺杂ZnO分级结构微球的制备及其光催化性能研究

以硝酸锌、氢氧化钠、硝酸铈为原料,采用沉淀法制备了一系列Ce掺杂的Ce/ZnO分级结构微球。采用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱仪和紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪等对样品进行表征。以甲基橙的光催化降解为模拟反应,考察了Ce掺杂量对Ce/ZnO分级结构微球光催化性能的影响。结果表明:Ce/ZnO分级结构微球由ZnO微纳米片相互交错构建而成,Ce的掺杂提高了Ce/ZnO分级结构微球的光催化活性,其中Ce摩尔分数为1.5%的Ce/ZnO对甲基橙的光催化降解效果最好,紫外光照射60min甲基橙降解率为98.3%,循环使用4次,其催化活性未明显下降。     

羧甲基壳聚糖/Ce^3＋掺杂TiO2复合抗菌材料的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土（Ce^3＋）掺杂纳米TiO2（纳米Ce/TiO2）,借助XRD、BET、SEM对Ce/TiO2进行表征。结果表明纳米Ce/TiO2晶型为锐钛矿,平均晶粒大小为19.95nm,比表面积为43.302m^2/g。采用超声波催化法合成了羧甲基壳聚糖（CMC）,并与Ce/TiO2复配制得羧甲基壳聚糖/Ce3＋掺杂纳米TiO2复合材料（CMC/Ce/TiO2）,借助FT-IR对CMC及CMC/Ce/TiO2复合材料进行了结构表征。初步研究了纳米Ce/TiO2、普通纳米TiO2、CMC/Ce/TiO2、CMC的抗菌性能,结果显示纳米Ce/TiO2对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别为55%和53%,普通纳米TiO2对两种菌的抗菌率分别为50%和45%,Ce^3＋的掺杂可提高纳米TiO2的抗菌性能;CMC/Ce/TiO2对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达到99%和95%,CMC对两种菌的抗菌率分别为90%和80%,Ce/TiO2的复合可显著提高CMC的抗菌性能。     

环境友好型塑料用改性ZnO添加剂的光催化性能研究

以纳米ZnO和AgNO3溶液为原料,采用掺杂的方法制备了改性的塑料用ZnO添加剂,通过其光催化降解亚甲基蓝的效果评价了样品的光催化性能。实验结果表明,当银的掺杂量为2.8%,光催化剂添加浓度是0.8g/L时,此时Ag/ZnO复合粉体对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解效果最好。制备的Ag/ZnO复合粉体在紫外光区和可见光区都有较强的吸收,且吸收峰波长和Ag与纳米ZnO相比都出现了一定程度的红移。掺杂银显著提高了纳米ZnO的光催化性能     

Ce掺杂ZnO复合中空材料的制备及其光催化性能

以乙酸锌[Zn(CH_3COO)_2·2H_2O]、硝酸铈[Ce(NO_3)_3]为原料,脱脂棉为模板,采用浸渍-热转化法制备出一系列铈(Ce)掺杂量不同的氧化锌(ZnO)复合中空材料,利用SEM、TG、XRD对Ce/ZnO进行表征。借助罗丹明B的脱色降解作为模板反应,考察煅烧温度和Ce掺杂量对Ce/ZnO光催化性能的影响。结果表明:700℃煅烧3h制得的Ce掺杂量为1%的Ce/ZnO复合中空材料对罗丹明B的降解效果最佳,紫外灯照射2h可使罗丹明B溶液的降解率达到100%。     

快速共沉淀法制备Ce掺杂ZnO及其日光催化性能研究

采用氢氧化钠快速共沉淀法制备了Ce掺杂ZnO,以模拟日光催化降解罗丹明B为指标,优化Ce掺杂比例及煅烧温度,考察催化剂套用稳定性和适用性,最后对Ce掺杂ZnO活性机理进行分析。结果表明:Ce最佳掺杂摩尔分数为3%,500℃煅烧2h,对1.0×10~(-5) mol/L罗丹明B溶液40min降解率达到93.8%,6次套用降解率达到90%以上,对仲夏自然阳光和其他染料均有良好的适用性。Ce掺杂降低了光致空穴-电子复合率,有效的提升了光催化活性。     

碱沉淀法制备Ce掺杂ZnO及其光催化性能

采用硝酸锌和硝酸铈为原料,三乙醇胺为沉淀剂,通过碱沉淀法制备了一系列Ce掺杂ZnO光催化剂。借助SEM,XRD,UV-vis等表征手段对催化剂的结构进行表征。以亚甲基蓝溶液脱色反应为模型,考察了不同Ce掺杂量ZnO光催化剂的光催化性能,结果表明,Ce掺杂ZnO的光催化性能高于未掺杂ZnO,且Ce掺杂量为2%时,ZnO光催化性能最好。最后简要讨论了Ce掺杂对ZnO光催化性能的作用机理。     

抗菌天然橡胶纳米复合材料的研制

研究了自制ZnO/Ag纳米复合抗菌剂的亲油改性,利用改性后的ZnO/Ag纳米复合抗菌剂制备天然橡胶(NR)纳米复合材料,探讨了抗菌NR纳米复合材料的抗菌、抗藻性能.结果表明:ZnO/Ag纳米复合抗菌剂经磷酸三丁酯(TBP)改性后,沉降率从接近1减小到0.2以下,亲油性和稳定性大大提高,将TBP改性后的抗菌剂加入到油性介质正己烷中,抗菌剂分散均匀,粒径在100nm以内;在NR纳米复合材料的制备中,随着ZnO/Ag纳米复合抗菌剂添加量的增加,正硫化时间减小;经检测,抗菌NR纳米复合材料对大肠埃希氏菌的抗菌率达98%以上,且抗菌率随抗菌剂添加量的增加而增大,抗藻性能达到最优零级标准.     

稀土铈掺杂对纳米TiO2结构和性能影响

研究了纳米二氧化钛负载稀土铈离子的基本性能,二氧化钛对铈离子的吸附机理,焙烧温度对二氧化钛晶型结构影响,不同吸附量对二氧化钛光学性能的影响;结果表明纳米级二氧化钛对铈离子具有很强的吸附力,铈离子的添加提高了二氧化钛晶型转变温度,铈离子的吸附可以提高二氧化钛的光催化降解性能。     

Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Melia dubia leaf extract and its characterisation

The present work deals with the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (Nps) using the biocompounds extracted from Melia dubia leaves (MD L.) and zinc acetate as precursors. The choice of the precursors was based on the intention to use the synthesised ZnO Nps for the healthcare applications. In this line, the antimicrobial property of ethanolic extract of MD L., uncalcined ZnO Nps and calcined ZnO Nps has been assessed and compared. The prepared particles have been characterised by comparing their Fourier transform infrared spectrum, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) diffractogram and TEM images. The presence of ZnO has been confirmed using IR spectrum. The crystal structure and crystallite size have been found out using XRD diffractogram, and the obtained crystallite size was confirmed using TEM images. Finally, an attempt has been made to correlate the structure with the antimicrobial property of the material.Inspec keywords: zinc compounds, nanoparticles, nanofabrication, Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, crystal structure, antibacterial activity, nanobiotechnologyOther keywords: ZnO, antimicrobial property, crystallite size, crystal structure, TEM images, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, zinc acetate, biocompounds, Melia dubia leaf, zinc oxide nanoparticle synthesis     

微波辅助水热法合成的可见光响应型Sm掺杂ZnO微晶的光催化性能和抗菌活性

采用六水合硝酸锌为锌源、六水合硝酸钐为掺杂剂、十二烷基硫酸钠为诱导剂、无水乙醇和水为混合溶剂,利用微波辅助水热法制备了Sm掺杂ZnO微晶.将Sm掺杂到ZnO晶体结构中,不仅改变ZnO的晶体结构,而且Sm掺杂对ZnO的形貌有明显的影响.考察不同Sm掺杂ZnO样品对罗丹明B的降解性能和对白色念珠茵和霉菌的抗茵活性,结果表明,[Sm]/EZn]物质的量比为1％的Sm掺杂ZnO微晶表现出最好的光催化性能和抗菌活性.在模拟可见光下(500 W氙灯)照射160 min后光催化降解罗丹明B的脱色率为75.9％,TOC去除率为66.3％.由菌落计数结果可知,其对白色念珠茵和黄曲霉的抑茵率分别为81％和77％.     

Aloe vera vs. poly(ethylene)glycol-based synthesis and relative catalytic activity investigations of ZnO nanorods in thermal decomposition of potassium perchlorate

The green synthesis approach using ecofriendly biological precursors has gained world-wide popularity, reputation and recognition in the synthesis of several inorganic nanomaterials. This work demonstrates that a proper selection of biological precursor from the sustainable natural resources can effectively replace the commercial surfactant for fabrication of nanomaterials. Through this work, the green biotemplate Aloe vera plant extract has emerged as a better substitute of industrial surfactant poly(ethylene)glycol of molecular weight 8000 (PEG8000) in synthesis of ZnO nanorods using a simple sonoemulsion route. The colloidal growth of ZnO nanorods in PEG8000/Aloe vera -assisted sonoemulsion route has been elaborated in the context of relative supremacy of ultrasonic-assisted self-aggregation rate with steric-hindrance effect imposed by PEG8000/Aloe vera . The relative catalytic activity of PEG8000/Aloe vera synthesized ZnO nanorods, Co₃O₄ nanobelts and CuO nanorods in thermal decomposition of potassium perchlorate has been studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis of pure potassium perchlorate and its mixture with nanoscale ZnO/Co3O4/CuO by 2% weight. The ZnO nanorods formulated through Aloe vera route demonstrated higher catalytic activity than that of ZnO nanorods prepared through PEG8000 route. The relative order of catalytic effect of nanoscale metal oxides in thermal decomposition of potassium perchlorate was found in descending order as CuO nanorods > Co₃O₄ nanobelts > ZnO nanorods.     

Kinetics investigation of oxygen storage capacity in La2O3-CeO2 solid solution

La2O3-CeO2 nanopowders with different La2O3 (0-20 mol%) were prepared by the sol-gel method. The modification of the cubic structure of ceria by substituting La3+ for Ce4+ into the lattice of CeO2 has been investigated. The crystal structure of La2O3-CeO2 nanomaterials has been examined by X-ray powder diffraction and analyzed by the Rietveld refinement method. The introduction of La3+ enlarges the octahedral void of unit cell in the cubic CeO2, which favors the oxygen migration in the crystal lattice. Raman characterization results show that the wavenumber of the La2O3-CeO2 solid solution shifted to red and the oxygen vacancy increased with lanthana content in Ce(1-x)La(x)O(2-x/2). The oxygen vacancy, generated by La3+ substituting for Ce4+, could supply more channels for oxygen migration through the lattice. The changes of lattice structure and the oxygen vacancy with La2O3 are correspondence with the results of oxygen storage capacity (OSC) measurement, which indicate that the changes of macro-performance are connected with the microstructure deformation of La2O3-CeO2. The kinetics of Ce0.9La0.2O1.9 nanomaterials with the highest OSC value was studied and the apparent activation energy (E(a)) of reduction and oxidation process was calculated to be 5.6 and 6.0 kJ/mol, respectively. The low E(a) value might be one of the reasons for Ce0.8La0.2O1.9 nanomaterials with the high OSC value.     

Characterization and photo-chemical applications of nano-ZnO prepared by wet chemical and thermal decomposition methods

Nano-crystalline ZnO particles were synthesized using two different routes: soft-wet and dry methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to identify the particles structures and morphologies, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for verifying the particles crystal structure. The thermal stabilities of the particles were examined through thermal gravimetric analysis technique and their surface areas were calculated using BET method. Moreover, the photocatalytic activities were evaluated using UV–vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) characterization. The results showed that all the prepared ZnO samples possess a hexagonal wurtzite structure with high purity. Different particle sizes and morphologies of spheres, rods and wires were obtained depending on the preparation method used. Particle sizes obtained by the dry method are smaller than that found by the wet chemical method. The effects of both particle size and morphology on each of surface as well as optical properties, photocatalytic activity, dye/ZnO solar cell efficiency and biological activity have been studied and discussed.     

纳米粒子包覆杂化改性室内涂料

将正钛酸丁酯、醋酸锌和正硅酸乙酯复合醇溶胶作为前驱体配置出稳定的纳米TiO2/ZnO/SiO2复合体系,在紫外光的照射下添加到成膜物质中充分搅拌,制备纳米复合涂料.测定其黏度、甲醛含量、抗茵性能、TVOC含量等,通过透射电子显微镜观察微观形态,分析纳米粒子在涂料中的分散性和杂化机理;结果表明,杂化后的纳米粒子改变了原来的结晶形态和粒径,在涂层中的分散性得到改善,改性后的纳米复合涂料能够降低室内的TVOC含量,甲醛降解率为70%,抗菌圈半径由原来0.75cm提高到2.3cm,比加入单一纳米粒子具有更优越的性能.     

Optical properties of electrochemically deposited ZnO thin films on colloidal crystal film of SiO2 microspheres

The optical properties of electrochemically deposited ZnO thin films on colloidal crystal film of SiO2 microspheres structures were studied. Colloidal crystal film of SiO2 microspheres were self-assembled by evaporation using SiO2 in solution at a constant 0.1 wt%. ZnO in thin films was then electrochemically deposited on to colloidal crystal film of SiO2 microspheres. During electrochemical deposition, the content of Zn(NO3)2 x 6H2O in solution was 5 wt%, and the process's conditions were varied between of 2-4 V and 30-120 s at room temperature, with subsequent heat-treatment between 200 and 400 degrees C. A smooth surface and uniform thickness of 1.8 microm were obtained at 3 V for 90 s. The highest PL peak intensity was obtained in the ZnO thin film heat-treated at 400 degrees C. The double layered ZnO/SiO2 colloidal crystals showed clearly better emission properties than the SiO2/ZnO and ZnO structures.     

Synthesis and characterization of plasmonic visible active Ag/ZnO photocatalyst

Ag deposited ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized by simple sol–gel method for visible light active photocatalytic application. X-ray diffraction (XRD), TEM, UV–DRS and PL studies have been used to characterize the photocatalyst. The results show that Ag/ZnO NPs are wurtzite phase (WZ) of ZnO with Ag NPs in the surface region forming a hetero-interface of Ag–WZ (ZnO). Visible light activity of the material has been studied using photocatalytic degradation kinetics of methylene blue as a probe pollutant. Ag/ZnO NPs exhibit five times higher visible-light driven photocatalytic activity than pristine ZnO and four times than the reference Degussa P-25, under identical conditions. The high visible activity of Ag/ZnO may be attributed to the surface plasmon effect complemented sensitization in the presence of metallic Ag and effective charge separation through Ag–WZ hetero-interfaces.     

Synthesis of Ce-doped GN/ZnO architectures with enhanced photocatalytic activity

The novel flower-like GN/ZnO architectures composed of curved cone are synthesized with hydrothermal method at 120?°C for 4?h. The GN/ZnO composite was doped with GN during preparation, the photocatalytic activity of GN/ZnO was evaluated by photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated visible light. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of α-CNTs/SnO₂ for degradation of RhB was up to 90% within 50?min, which was much higher than that of pure compound. It was significantly found that the introduction of GN, which may suppressed the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs on the interface of SnO₂, leading to enhanced photocatalytic activity.