一种复合型咪唑啉缓蚀剂

以油酸和二乙烯三胺为原料合成咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,在50℃、5%的盐酸溶液中用静态失重法对咪唑啉季铵盐与阴离子表面活性剂和无机阴离子进行研究,得到了一个与咪唑啉季铵盐有最佳复配效果的复配体,咪唑啉季铵盐与I-复配比为1∶1(质量比)时,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最佳。在不同时间和不同温度下对复合型缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率进行了测量。这种缓蚀剂对A3钢的缓蚀率达到99%以上,比单独用咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀效率提高了0.7%。     

油松籽油酸洗缓蚀剂的合成与应用

以油松籽油、二乙烯三胺、氯化苄为原料,合成了咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂Y-1,用失重法、极化曲线法评价了Y-1及其与硫脲复配后的新型缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能.结果表明:缓蚀剂Y-1在盐酸体系中对A20钢有很好的缓蚀效果,由Y-1和硫脲复配的新型缓蚀剂在柠檬酸体系中对A20钢的缓蚀效率在99.65％以上,并且二者都具有很好的热稳定性;缓...     

高温高压H2S/CO2环境缓蚀剂分子结构与缓蚀性能关系的研究

用静态和动态腐蚀失重法研究喹啉季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐、曼尼希碱和咪唑啉季铵盐四种不同主体类型缓蚀剂在高温高压H₂S/CO₂环境中N80钢的缓蚀性能,并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）表面分析技术研究了不同缓蚀剂主体分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明,四类缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的大小顺序是：喹啉季铵盐>吡啶季铵盐>曼尼希碱>咪唑啉季铵盐。喹啉季铵盐与其他三种缓蚀剂主体分子结构相比具有更好的抗硫性能,其对N80钢具有良好的吸附性能,可形成抗腐蚀性介质渗透能力强的致密均匀和稳定不易分解的有机膜。其缓蚀剂用量为0.15%时,缓蚀率可达97%。     

咪唑啉和季铵盐类缓蚀剂对P110S钢的缓蚀作用和机理研究

采用失重法、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了咪唑啉和季铵盐缓蚀剂在H_2S/CO_2环境中对P110S钢的缓蚀作用和缓蚀机理。结果表明,咪唑啉缓蚀剂和季铵盐缓蚀剂均为阳极型缓蚀剂;在120℃,H_2S分压为0.55 MPa、CO_2分压为0.80 MPa的环境中,两种缓蚀剂均有一定的缓蚀作用,能有效抑制P110S钢的腐蚀;添加浓度为200 mg·L~(-1)时,咪唑啉缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率可达87.23%。     

MZL-1型酸洗缓蚀剂配方及性能研究

研究了在50℃、5％的盐酸介质中咪唑啉季铵盐类缓蚀剂与表面活性剂以及无机阴离子的协同作用，在此基础上得到了MZL-1型酸洗缓蚀剂配方，该配方在静态和动态条件下都有较好的缓蚀效果，通过电化学测试探讨了这种缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。     

一种油田型缓蚀剂的合成与性能测试

以油酸、二乙烯三胺为原料,二甲苯为携水剂合成烷基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂,并与氯化苄进行季铵化反应.在5%HCl介质中,采用静态失重法及电化学法对所合成的咪唑啉缓蚀剂与有机化合物的协同缓蚀作用及对A3钢在模拟油田回注水中的缓蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,咪唑啉类缓蚀剂与非离子表面活性剂和肉桂醛有明显的协同作用,其最佳质量复配比为10:1:1,为一种以阳极为主的混合型缓蚀剂,该油田型缓蚀剂在静态条件下对A3钢的缓蚀率可达99.3%.     

塔河油田单井注采交替缓蚀剂的筛选与复配研究

目的有效治理注采交替工况对井下管柱造成的严重腐蚀,促进缓蚀剂技术在塔河油田的广泛应用。方法采用红外光谱法验证了四种有机缓蚀剂的主要成分,测试了缓蚀剂的理化性能,采用失重法评价了缓蚀剂在塔河油田井下注采交替工况的缓蚀效率,并利用电化学方法研究了两种缓蚀剂的复配性能。结果四种缓蚀剂的有效成分分别为油酸酰胺、芳香酮曼尼希碱、油酸咪唑啉和苄基喹啉盐,理化性能测试全部通过。其中,芳香酮曼尼希碱和油酸咪唑啉在井下注采交替工况下具有良好的缓蚀性能,缓蚀效率分别达到73%和67%。油酸咪唑啉和芳香酮曼尼希碱的复配能进一步提升缓蚀效率,当芳香酮曼尼希碱和油酸咪唑啉的质量比为1:3时,复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率能达到90%。结论芳香酮曼尼希碱-油酸咪唑啉复配型缓蚀剂是一种适用于塔河油田注采交替工况的缓蚀剂。     

三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐的合成与缓蚀性能

利用两步法合成了三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂(简称Q ATI)，并对其结构进行了表征，通过腐蚀失重法、电化学测定等方法对其在HCl、H2SO4 酸洗液中对碳钢的缓蚀效果进行测定.结果表明，三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀性能优异.同时探 讨了其缓蚀机理.     

CO2饱和NaCl溶液中松香基咪唑啉季铵盐的缓蚀吸附行为

以松香和二乙烯三胺为原料合成了松香基咪唑啉,并采用氯乙酸钠对合成产物进行季铵化改性,得到水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐.通过失重法和电化学方法测试了该季铵盐在60℃的CO2饱和3%NaCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能.结果表明,水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐对Q235钢有很好的缓蚀作用,150 mg/L用量时缓蚀率超过90%.该缓蚀剂是一种以阳极抑制为主的缓蚀剂,遵循Langmuir吸附等温式,在钢表面发生自发吸附,存在较强的吸附作用力.     

桐油酸咪唑啉季铵盐的缓蚀性能

以桐油为原料合成了桐油酸,使之先后与二乙烯三胺和氯化苄反应,制备了桐油酸咪唑啉苄基氯季铵盐,对其结构进行了红外表征。利用失重法和动电位极化曲线考察了合成的季铵盐在盐酸溶液中对N80钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明,桐油酸咪唑啉季铵盐能有效抑制N80钢在盐酸介质中的腐蚀;随着缓蚀剂浓度的增大,缓蚀效率增加;随着温度升高,腐蚀速率增大,缓蚀效率减小;随着盐酸浓度的增大,N80钢的腐蚀速率增大,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率变化不明显;该缓蚀剂为阴极抑制为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.