氮对含钒20MnSi钢筋强化的影响

实验结果表明 ,在相同钒含量的情况下 ,0 .1 2 %V钢中增加约 1 0 0× 1 0 -6 的氮使钢的屈服强度 (σS)和抗张强度 (σb)分别提高 1 1 7.5MPa和 1 35MPa。钢中增氮后 ,改变了钒在钢中的分布 ,促进了细小V(C ,N)的析出 ,显著提高了钢的强度。因利用了廉价的氮元素 ,对σS 为 40 0MPa的Ⅲ级钢筋可节约钒 33.3%以上。     

V-N微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为

研究了氮对含钒微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为的影响。实验结果表明：低氮钒钢中,大部分钒固溶于铁素体基体,比例高达565,只有35．5％钒形成V（C,N）;高氮钒钢中,70％的钒析出形成V（C,N）,只有20％的钒因溶于基体,钢氮还减小了V（C,N）颗粒尺寸,明显增加细小V（C,N）析出相的体积分数。     

钢中氮的控制及其对质量的影响

研究了钢水脱氧与不脱氧状况下的吸氮特性、钢中氮和钛形成氮化钛夹杂的条件及其对钢质量的影响,结果表明:钢中的氮化钛夹杂是在凝固过程中析出的,当N、Ti较高时,氮化钛在固液两相区析出,其尺寸较大,对钢的性能特别有害;将钢中的w(Ti)降到30×10-6,w(N)降到50×10-6以下,其氮化钛的析出温度将降到固相线以下,析出的夹杂尺寸细小,对钢性能的不利影响较小。随着N、Ti增加,钢的性能降低。钢水氧活度在200×10-6以上时钢水基本不吸氮,但脱氧良好的钢水裸露吸氮严重。     

氮元素对20MnSi钢中析出物和组织的影响

采用物理化学定量分析技术,研究钢中氮元素对钒的碳氮化物析出的影响,以及对铁素体组织的影响。增氮对钢的强化,主要通过铁素体中的V(C,N)沉淀析出实现。增加0.014%的氮后,钢中V(C,N)的析出数量提高了72%。     

40MnV钢中微合金元素氮-碳化物的析出行为

用Thermo-cale软件对微合金钢40MnV(%：0．36-0.40C，1．36～1.40Mn，0.8～0.9V，0.011-0．016Ti，0．021-0．045Al，0．007-0．016N)中的析出相进行计算，并用电解分析，X-衍射，透射电镜研究了析出相的成分、形貌和分布。结果表明，钢中少量的N和Ti可导致在固液两相区析出尺寸为50nm的粗大TiN粒。随温度降低，析出相尺寸逐渐减小到10nm以下，形状由方形变成圆形，且析出相中V和C含量增加，N和Ti含量减少。随着钢中铝含量的增加，VN析出量减少。     

低碳钒氮微合金钢中V(C,N)在奥氏体中的析出动力学

控制VN在奥氏体中的有效析出是利用VN诱导晶内铁素体细化铁素体晶粒的关键技术。采用应力松弛方法研究了低碳钒氮微合金钢中V(C,N)在奥氏体区的等温析出行为。结果表明：试验钢的析出-温度-时间曲线(PTT)呈典型的C形,本试验条件下析出开始时间最短的“鼻子”温度为870℃左右。钢中的碳、氮含量以及变形量对PTT曲线有较大影响,它们增加均使C曲线向左移,特别是氮含量对V(C,N)析出的影响最显著。在碳含量约为0．10％的试验钢中,当氮含量从0．0036％增加到0．0140％时,可使870℃的析出开始时间从400s缩短到70s左右。     

HRB500E钢中钒的析出行为研究

试验测定了钒在钢中的固溶和析出温度,研究了析出行为的热力学、动力学。结果表明,成分为C:0.25%,V:0.05%,N:0.011%钢中钒在1 040℃左右开始析出,V含量增加,V(C,N)开始析出温度升高,N含量增加,后期析出的VC_xN_(1-x)系数x越小;高温下以富氮形式析出,低温下以富碳形式析出。对比选择了位错线上的形核机制,简化为球形析出物的形核长大模型,以钒的传质为限制性环节,计算表明析出物的长大速率随钒界面浓度的增大而减小,随析出物半径的增大而减小。     

钒氮非调质钢的组织变化特征

利用光学显微镜、扫描和透射电镜观察和分析了不同钒、氮含量非调质钢经奥氏体热变形后以不同速度冷却到室温的显微组织.结果表明,随氮含量增加或钒含量减少,珠光体增多;钢中有大量的不仅在先共析铁素体且在珠光体铁素体中析出的小于3 nm的纳米级析出相;冷速增加,铁素体变细且数量减少,继而出现贝氏体、马氏体,同时钒、钛的析出相尺寸变小,成分由以(Ti,V)N为主,转以(Ti,V)C为主.     

微合金元素V对热塑性的影响

<正>含V、N高的钢的连铸坯容易产生表面横裂纹。钒钢中随氮含量的增加,析出相中碳氮组分会发生明显的变化,低氮情况下,析出相以VC为主,高氮情况下,逐渐转变成以VN为主的析出相,当钢中氮质量分数达到0.02%以上时,在整个析出温度范围,均是析出VN或富氮的V(C,N),颗粒尺寸和间距也明显减小,热塑性降低。V     

钒氮钢中晶粒细化研究

 采用Gleeble 3500热模拟试验机，在相同工艺条件下，对比研究了钒氮钢、钒钢以及碳锰钢的晶粒细化效果。结果表明，钒氮钢的晶粒细化效果最显著，铁素体的晶粒尺寸可达61 μm，这主要与在奥氏体区中析出的V(C，N)有关。奥氏体区析出的V(C，N)，不但可抑制奥氏体晶粒长大，同时还可以作为铁素体的形核核心，诱导晶内铁素体形成，大大增加铁素体形核率，从而提高了相变细化的比率。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.