43英寸直观式彩色显象管

业已研制出一种世界上最大的43英寸、偏转角为110度、管颈为30.6毫米的彩色显象管。在研制中,特别注意了玻壳的设计。为满足这种大尺寸彩色显象管的亮度和分辨率的需要,最近已经研制成功一种新的电子枪和偏转线圈。最终查明,在大屏幕上显示的人和物的高质量图象给人以强烈的“真实感”。因此,对图象的评价来说,“尺寸”是个很重要的因素。     

具有动态象散与聚焦校正的一字形电子枪

为了提高自会聚、一字型彩色显象管的分辨率,研制了动态象散与聚焦(DAF)电子枪。在当前流行的枪结构中,由于偏转线圈磁场畸变产生的光点偏转散焦和象散,使得分辨率下降。DAF枪,在双电位枪的兰极管部分与主透镜之间,采用了一种新设计的、与四极透镜合并在一起的透镜系统。四极透镜结构简单,面对着的矩形孔互相垂     

采用动态电子束成形技术的一字型彩色数字显示管

引言在一字型彩色显象管中,当电子束偏转到显象管荧光屏边缘的时候,电子束光点明显地畸变。这种畸变称之为偏转畸变,它使荧光屏边缘区域的清晰度降低,并且偶尔还能引起莫尔波纹现象。有两种光点畸变,一种是边缘畸变,是由于成象球面和荧光屏之间的不一致而引起的。另一种光点畸变是由偏转线圈(Dy)的不均匀磁场所引起。对于一字型彩色显象管而言,后一种光点畸变是主要的。     

彩色显象管用的高分辨率双电位聚焦的电子枪

本文描述了RCA公司研制的一种新型的高分辨率、双电位、一字形电子枪的设计。它采用了新开发的预聚焦透镜,目的是为了在第一个交叉点前减小电子束的发散角。此外,借助于计算机模拟,预聚焦透镜同G_3栅的长度和直径相匹配,以提供28％的聚焦比。计算机最优化设计大大改进了通常聚焦比为20％、大S双电位电子枪的性能,并且等效于流行的三电位电子枪,而不需要有通过芯柱的、过高的第二聚焦电压。此外,这种新型的电子枪设计改善了轨迹特性和偏离轴线的电子束尺寸。在高、低视频激励下,具有很好的补偿特性。在低激励条件下,有最小的网纹,大大降低了图象模糊现象。在荧光屏边缘,光点尺寸较小,使这种枪适用于100°和110°的大屏幕显象管。     

显像管磁偏转散焦的分析

通过对显像管中偏转后电子束光点尺寸的测量及数据处理,可得到屏上光点尺寸与偏转线圈绕组分布之间的对应关系,根据该关系提出了减小光点尺寸的偏转绕组分布的设计方法。     

高分辨率电子枪的设计与管子性能

引言结合实例,叙述高分辨率显象管电子枪的一种简便而有效的设计方法,这种方法是以普通显象管电子枪的光学尺寸和分辨能力为“兰本”、以莫斯经验公式及莫斯曲线为依据的。用这种方法设计的一只分辨率高于1400线12英寸绿色(余辉时间为中短与中长两种)屏幕显象管已研制成功,经各项例行试验、寿命试验和用户试用均合格,于1982年12月通过了设计定型。从事电子光学的同志都知道,使电子枪提     

彩色显像管中的像散和散焦的动态补偿

在一字形电子枪组成的彩色显像管中,屏的边缘会出现明显的光点散焦而降低分辨率。这是由于像面和屏面的曲率半径不一致以及由偏转线圈所产生磁场的不均匀性而引起的,后者在自会聚彩色显像管中的影响更明显。解决上述问题的方法,是用产生受偏转信号频率调制并与之同步的抛物波电压,来控制由电子枪产生的四极场从而抵消偏转像散,同时对主透镜进行辅助动态聚焦。本文介绍出现偏转像散的原因,四极透镜     

1000B型SEM普通三极电子枪低加速电压像的改进

通过对kyky—1000B型扫描电镜普通三极电子枪的不同几何尺寸、低加速电压下的束斑直径电子枪亮度、信噪比的测量,以及对低压高倍像的观察,探讨了观察低压象的条件。实验表明,在正常状态下加速电压低于5KV时,由于空间电荷效应,电子束斑点急骤加大;亮度急骤下降;致使图象分辩率变坏;S/N差,观察较高倍率很困难。对不同加速电压下缩短1000B SEM的阳—栅极间距离,使电子束斑直径明显减小,亮度提高半个数量级,使图象分辩得到明显改善。     

CRT用非轴对称电子枪的电子束分析

装有非轴对称电子枪的显象管的电子束模拟器已开发出来，该模拟器已考虑到了电荷效应，电子热扩散和偏转散焦效应，模拟器中，电子束被分成各个高斯束流，每个高斯束流都具有主轨道和旁轴轨道。为计算主透镜的静电场，对于复杂的电极需采用极场展开法与表面电荷法相结合的办法来减少ＣＰＵ时间，简化数据输入，动态象散校正依靠主透镜上旋转一四极透镜的方法来完成，象散的消除采用电子束形成区域用狭缝和方孔的方法来完成，这些都已     

袖珍平板型阴极射线管

这种新型射线管,厚16.5毫米,宽55毫米,总长133毫米。重155克,其中包括重65克的偏转线圈。平板型阴极射线管的体积为55厘米~3,作为比较,具有同等荧光屏尺寸的普通阴极射线管,体积达90厘米~3。电子枪与荧光屏平行安置,这种结构使阴极射线管厚度大为减小。电子束的水平偏转,是由阴极射线管外面的偏转线圈所产生的磁场实现的。而电子束的垂直偏转是由管内静电偏转板完成的。水平和垂直偏转角分别是58°和10°。前端的透明电极与荧光屏产生的电场使电子束转弯射向荧光屏。人们所看到的图象是由荧光屏反射光通过透明的前端电极形成的。     

A high-resolution electron gun for thermoplastic recording using prefocus deflection

A demagnification gun of high resolution was developed for thermoplastic recording by deflecting the electron beam at the entry of a large focusing lens. The unconventional approach of prefocus deflection allows close spacing between the "short" focusing lens and the target (phosphor screen or thermoplastic tape) required for demagnification and results in a gun with a relatively short length. The diameter of the focusing lens is about three times larger than the 25-mm diameter area to be scanned in order to keep spot distortions of the deflected beam at a minimum. Electrostatic focusing combined with magnetic deflection was selected. The special focusing lens that is used is shaped for low aberrations, increased demagnification and increased deflection sensitivity. Small deflection fields are required since the electron beam is being deflected in the accelerating field while the electron velocities are still low. The gun operates at 10 kv and delivers a 5-micron spot at 1µa. This corresponds to a resolution of 5000 spot diameters at average current densities in excess of 5 amp/cm². In spite of the high resolution, the over-all length of the gun measured from the target is only 9 inches.     

Electron trajectories in twisted electrostatic deflection yokes

A mathematical analysis is carried out for electron motion in a cylindrical electrostatic deflection yoke which is twisted around its axis and immersed in a uniform axial magnetic field to form a twisted focus projection and scanning (FPS) deflection system. The yoke has an arbitrary twist angle, and is a generalization of yokes with π/2 rad of twist recently used in FPS vidicons. New modes of operation are found which eliminate shading caused by off-normal beam landing at the target, while providing improved deflection sensitivity, increased resolution, and reduced power consumption in the focusing solenoid as compared with the untrusted shading-free mode previously reported by Schlesinger, Wagner, and Saldi [1]-[3]. The theoretical predictions are supported by data from experimental devices.     

偏转对电子束上屏束径的影响

彩色显像管中，电子束经偏转系统偏转后在屏的边角处的尺寸比中心部分尺寸大。为了解决偏转散焦，日本松下公司推出了ＤＡＦ枪。然而随着ＨＤＴＶ的发展，电子束束流和偏转角都越来越大，此时仅靠调节动态聚焦电压不能完全补偿过聚焦以及大束流下空间电荷效应的影响。本文研究了大束流、大偏转角情况下造成偏转散焦的原因，提出在调节动态聚焦电压的同时适当改变电子束进入主聚焦透镜的入射角，从而改善电子束经偏转后的上屏质量。     

楔形偏转线圈和平板电极静电偏转器的偏转场的计算方法

本文介绍楔形截面的偏转线圈和平板电极的静电偏转器的偏转场的计算方法。楔形线圈可以组合成形状多样的组合磁偏转器,有利于通过适当改变场分布形状,进一步减小偏转象差。矩形平板电极静电偏转器的优点是结构简单,有希望用它组成多电子束系统的偏转器阵列。根据上述两种偏转器的计算方法,已建立起实用的计算机程序,计算了一些典型结构偏转器的场分布。     

Low convergent confined-flow Pierce gun for a space TWT

An approach for designing an electron gun for a high efficiency, high linearity space traveling wave tube (TWT), has been presented. A low convergent (<10?:?1) Pierce electron gun of beam perveance 0.43?μP has been designed for a high gain, high linearity and high efficiency C-band 60?W Space TWT using in-house developed two-dimensional FDM based gun and collector simulation code PIERCE. In this gun, the first anode (isolated from the ground anode) has been kept nearly 100?V above the ground anode to act as an ion barrier for increasing cathode life and to regulate beam current over the lifetime of the tube. An M-type dispenser cathode of diameter 3.20?mm has been used for cathode loading of less than 1.0?A/cm² and heater wattage around 3.0?W. The magnetic focusing with integral-pole-piece barrel assembly and periodic-permanent magnets (PPM) have been designed using in house developed two-dimensional FDM based code SUNMAG. The practical problem of linking requisite cathode flux to the cathode for confined flow of the electron beam with low convergence factor has been sorted out by gradually increasing the PPM magnetic field. The magnetic field has been increased in steps from the gun and over the first five magnets varying from Brillouin field (B _B) value to twice B _B for achieving the electron beam with scalloping less than 10%. Agreements between the simulated results and the experimental results for the beam current and magnetic field profile have been achieved within 8%. The dynamic beam transmission (under rf operation of the tube) has been achieved better than 98% in the tube.     

磁偏转线圈的优化设计

本文由谢志行等(1987)给出的场参数表达式,借助正交设计法,对带屏蔽筒鞍形偏转线圈进行了优化设计,所得结果与实际模型相符。指出了鞍形偏转线圈的端耳效应和场参数B0(z)分布对象差的重要贡献。例示了有限长余弦分布绕组与分布式绕组之间电子光学性能的比较。     

Triode electron injection systems for hollow beams

Novel electron guns, in which a conical hollow electron beam is projected at a large angle to the axis into a coaxial deflection region, were tested. The guns have a triode structure so that the perveance can be varied easily. The strong deflection increases the effective perveance of the beam and makes the trajectories insensitive to current variations. In the form of a device with the gun at a large radius and projecting the beam inward, the electron paths are sensitive to scattering in the gun. The inverted gun, projecting the beam outward, is relatively free from this difficulty. The systems generally behave as expected, and should be quite useful for initiating variable-current hollow electron beams in various available focusing arrangements.     

单枪彩色密封油膜光阀管的电子枪与偏转聚焦系统的对中要求

正 单枪彩色密封油膜光阀管的原理和结构见文献[1]。它的电子枪和偏转聚焦系统由于不是整体对中装配,因此存在对中公差的要求。由于电子枪的电极尺寸和各电极之间的距离可以确定,电子束的光斑大小可从电子枪的通过率和限制膜孔的大小推算出,所以电子枪与偏转聚焦系统的对中公差要求可以据此进行估计。 (一)电子枪和偏转聚焦系统的结构 单枪彩色油膜光阀管的电子枪是皮尔斯枪,在阳极上有限制膜孔。 偏转聚焦系统包括:小偏转板、预偏转板、主偏转板和漂移环等。其中预偏转板、主     

偏转线圈磁场的测量

本文介绍了用双线圈测量偏转磁场的方法。文中首先导出双线圈处于x(或y)轴任意两个位置求算场参数H0、H2、H4的普遍公式。当两个小线圈的灵敏度稍有差异时,该公式仍然有效。利用沿x(或y)轴测得的一系列数据进行回归分析,求得场参数的最佳拟合值,可适用于离轴较远的距离。