多级拉伸中超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的结构与性能研究

采用凝胶纺丝-超拉伸技术纺制了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维。采用双折射法、DSC热分析法对不同拉伸级数的纤维进行了结构分析并测试了其力学性能和抗蠕变性能。研究结果表明:随着拉伸倍数的增加,纤维的取向度、结晶度及热性能得到了提高,力学性能和抗蠕变性得到改善,可得到纤维强度大于30cN/dtex,模量超过1200cN/dtex的高性能纤维。     

表面改性超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的热性能研究

采用铬酸刻蚀和化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维。用DSC、DMA、X-射线衍射及SEM分析了纤维的热力学性能、结晶情况及纤维的表观形貌。结果表明,铬酸处理及化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理后,纤维的耐热性均有所提高,纤维表面变得更加粗糙,其中化学气相沉积聚吡咯处理的纤维变化更明显。     

碳纤维／超高相对分子质量聚乙烯复合材料的热性能研究

研究了碳纤维/超高相对分子质量聚乙烯复合材料的热性能变化。结果表明：加入少量的乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物（EAA）及炭黑后,可使复合材料的热变形温度明显提高;此外,不同的加工工艺对复合材料的热性能也有一定的影响。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维用原料的性能研究

研究了不同厂家纺丝用超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)树脂的性能,并进行了UHMWPE的纺丝试验,发现它们之间存在着一定差异,而且树脂性能的差异对纤维力学性能造成一定影响,从而建立UHMWPE原料性能与纺丝性能之间的对应关系。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维拉伸工艺研究

通过对冻胶纺丝、初步拉伸、再萃取后的超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维 (UHMWPE)的拉伸温度、拉伸倍数、热定型温度等的理论分析 ,指出 U HMWPE的拉伸温度应设定在熔点附近 ,确定了拉伸倍数及定型时应满足的拉伸倍数公式 ,热定型温度应低于上一道拉伸温度。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维树脂基复合材料性能研究

风电行业进入平价上网时代,风电叶片需要一种介于玻璃纤维和碳纤维之间性价比高的新型纤维。超高相对分子质量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）纤维具有比强度高和比模量高的优势,相同性能下其价格为碳纤维的30%,因此超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维具有极大的性价比优势。对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的拉伸性能、疲劳性能、纤维与树脂的结合能力和抗蠕变能力进行了系统的研究,研究结果表明,超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维浸胶纱拉伸模量100 GPa,上浆剂0.5%的含量性能最佳。并对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维基复合材料在抗蠕变型、高表面粘合型方面提出了改进方向。     

一种超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的制备方法

本发明涉及一种冻胶纺丝法制备超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的方法,包括：①制备超高相对分子质量聚乙烯的冻胶原丝;②冻胶原丝依次经萃取,干燥以及热拉伸获得所述高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维,其特征在于：所述方法还包括在步骤②之前,对步骤①所获得的冻胶原丝进行预牵伸的步骤,所述预牵伸的倍数为2．2～24倍,所述步骤②中的所述热拉伸的总倍数为30-45倍。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的表面改性研究

选择乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物作为表面改性剂,将其溶解在二甲苯中制成复合萃取液,对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)冻胶纤维进行萃取,经干燥和超倍拉伸制得表面改性UHMWPE纤维。对改性前后纤维的表面化学结构、结晶性能、表面粘接性能和力学性能进行了比较。结果表明:加入表面改性剂后,纤维表面引入了极性基团,结晶形态不变,纤维与树脂的抗界面剪切强度大大增加,纤维的力学性能变化不大。     

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维及其应用

本文介绍了超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维的制备方法及其发展现状，并简要概述了该纤维的结构、性能、改性方法及其在各领域中的应用。     

铬酸改性超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的研究

研究了铬酸对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维的作用机制,用扫描电镜和傅里叶红外光谱仪分析了铬酸改性前后UHMWPE纤维的结构变化,用单因素分析法分析铬酸处理条件对纤维拉伸强度、静摩擦因数以及与基体黏接强度的影响,从而得到铬酸改性UHMWPE纤维的较优工艺条件:处理液m(K_2Cr_2O_7)∶m(H_2O)∶m(H_2SO_4)为7∶12∶(78~82);处理温度为60~66℃;处理时间为6~10 min。     

超高分子量聚乙烯溶解均匀性研究

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维生产工艺中,超高分子量聚乙烯溶解设备普遍使用双螺杆挤出机。文章研究了如何使用双螺杆挤出机,具体涉及到螺纹元件的组合、双螺杆挤出机的转速以及各区温度控制等关键技术,制备溶解均匀的超高分子量聚乙烯溶液,以达到纺丝要求。     

High density polyethylene/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene blend. II. Effect of hydroxyapatite on processing,thermal, and mechanical properties

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is part of bone mineral composition. Several attempts have been made to incorporate HA into high density polyethylene (HDPE) to produce bone replacement biomaterials since neat HDPE is not suitable as bone replacement. The blending of HDPE with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) up to 50% by weight was performed with the aim of improving the toughness of composites. Reinforcement of blend with HA of up to 50% by weight was carried out. Methods of characterizing the composites included density, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, ash content, and morphological examination using scanning electron microscope. For the mechanical properties of the composites, tensile, flexural, and impact tests were carried out. Incorporation of HA into HDPE has resulted in the brittleness of the composites. Blending of HDPE with UHMWPE in the presence of HA was found to improve the mechanical properties and promote a ductile failure of the resulting composites. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3931–3942, 2006     

The effect of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber on the mechanical properties of acrylic bone cement

The effects of the addition of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE) on the mechanical properties of standard surgical Simplex-P radiopaque bone cement have been investigated. It was found that the tensile strength and tensile modulus were apparently not improved by the incorporation of UHMWPE in the acrylic bone cement. The results of bending strength and bending modulus indicated that a reinforcing effect is obtained at UHMWPE contents as low as 1 wt%, and then levelled off with increasing UHMWPE contents. When the UHMWPE contents as low as 2 wt%, the values of compressive strength and modulus seemed approximate the same; whereas the values of compressive strength and modulus decreased with increasing UHMWPE contents. From the results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), the values of dynamic storage modulus of bone cement increased at UHMWPE fiber as low as 2 wt%, but beyond that UHMWPE content the value of the dynamic storage modulus decreased with increasing UHMWPE contents. The same results were also found for the dynamic loss modulus. When methyl methacrylate was grafted onto UHMWPE by plasma and UV irradiation treatment, it was found that by adding the treated UHMWPE fiber in acrylic bone cement had a significant reinforcing effect on the mechanical properties of bone cement.     

纤维专用超高相对分子质量聚乙烯的结构与性能

研究了纤维专用国产超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(简称GN)的基本性能、力学性能、定伸应力、相对分子质量及其分布、聚集态结构等,并与进口同类产品GUR4022进行了对比。结果表明:GN与GUR4022的相对分子质量较为接近、密度基本相同、拉伸强度相差不多;GN的拉伸弹性模量为711 MPa,高于GUR4022;GN的聚集态结构与GUR4022较为接近,表面形貌为一定尺寸分布的类球体,GN的分子结构与GUR4022比较接近。与GUR4022的可纺性对比研究表明,GN的可纺性良好,经过3级拉伸后,当拉伸倍数达到45倍时,GN具有较好的取向结晶性能,拉伸强度与GUR4022接近,达到了高强度、高模量的要求。     

Study on gel‐spinning process of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene

An ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW‐PE) fiber was prepared by gel spinning using general kerosene as the solvent and gasoline as the extraction solvent. The process of the phase separation of gel as‐spun, spun under various spinning conditions, was investigated. Its extracting and drying process were also studied. The results reveal that the gel as‐spun, spun under a lower spin draft and a lower spin quenching temperature, extracted in times and dried under free‐shrinkage, exhibits a good afterdrawability that eventually endows the fiber with excellent mechanical behaviors. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 670–675, 1999     

Mechanism of secondary crystallisation in irradiated and aged ultra high molecular weight polyethylene

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene has been irradiated in air and aged for 168 months. On melting and recrystallisation in the differential scanning calorimeter a secondary crystallisation event is observed around 80 °C. This event has been studied using isothermal crystallisation and the results analysed using the Avrami equation and the Lauritzen-Hoffman approach. This suggests that during this event growth occurs through regime II kinetics whereby large numbers of surface nuclei form on the substrate, with multiple nucleations acts commencing before the previous ones have finished. It is postulated that this secondary crystallisation event involves the development of a diffuse semi-ordered interface between the well-developed lamellae and the amorphous phase.     

Microstructural origin of physical and mechanical properties of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene processed by high velocity compaction

Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a semi-crystalline polymer with exceptional wear and impact properties, but also a very high melt viscosity, owing to its extremely long chains. Therefore, UHMWPE is non-melt processable and its processing is long and expensive. However, a new process, High Velocity Compaction (HVC), allows processing UHMWPE within short processing times via sintering. Several high velocity impacts are applied to a powder-filled die to provide self-heating. The sintering is then obtained by local fusion/recrystallization. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of UHMWPE processed by HVC are investigated. Ductile UHMWPE with a high modulus was obtained. The particular microstructure of the material resulting from the sintering by fusion/recrystallization has then been characterized. It appears that mechanical properties of HVC-UHMWPE are governed by the microstructure induced by processing conditions, and hence can be adjusted for a given application.     

超高相对分子质量PPTA树脂及其高模量芳纶的研究

对高相对分子质量聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(PPTA)树脂进行了表征,开展了添加超高相对分子质量PPTA树脂与普通相对分子质量PPTA树脂共混进行液晶纺丝得到高强度和高模量芳纶的结构表征与性能试验,同时对芳纶的力学性能与其PPTA树脂相对分子质量的关系进行了研究。结果表明,芳纶的力学性能与其PPTA聚合体的相对分子质量紧密相关,如果PPTA树脂的相对分子质量不够高,加上液晶纺丝和高模量热处理过程分子链的进一步降解,高模量芳纶的制备就无法实现。在系统研究PPTA聚合反应规律,特别是聚合诱导相互转变规律及其影响因素研究基础上,通过调控连续聚合的反应条件,在1 000 t/a连续聚合生产线上制备出比浓对数粘度高达9.2 dl/g的超高相对分子质量PPTA树脂;用超高相对分子质量PPTA树脂与通用级PPTA树脂(比浓对数粘度6.8 dl/g)混合进行纺丝,制备出高强度的芳纶,并进一步热处理得到高强度和高模量的芳纶。     

UHMWPE纤维联合生产线自动控制系统介绍

利用富士触摸屏UG30系列程序操作显示器(简称POD)的通讯、控制功能构建一套开放式结构的自动化平台,通过与变频器-同步电机及PID控制器的直接联网,实现了全部电控设备的主控制台集中控制。该控制系统实现了丝束的拉伸速度变频控制,清洗机系统进出液流量及液位控制,清洗机系统与外围液体回收系统物料输送自动化,干燥机风量、风温自动控制等。传动控制采用同步电机与变频的开环控制,高精度变频调速器和永磁同步电机构成系统,无需采用闭环控制,可保证电机转速精度达到0．1％-0．01％。     

超高分子量聚乙烯改性研究进展

综述了近年来超高分子量聚乙烯（PE?UHMW）改性的最新研究进展,包括采用辐照交联法、填充改性法及共混改性法等进行摩擦性能改性,和采用涂层改性法、等离子体改性法等进行纤维表面性能改性,并讨论了摩擦性能改性与纤维的表面性能改性研究面临的挑战。