同位素稀释质谱法对年青玄武岩K－Ar年龄的测定

用同位素稀释质谱法在ＲＧＡ－１０质谱计和析Ａｒ仪联合系统中，分析测定了一批年青（第四纪）玄武岩样品的常规Ｋ－Ａｒ年龄。绝大多数样品的年龄值在０．１～０．７Ｍａ之间，只有少数几个样品的年龄值在１～２Ｍａ之间，所测年龄都在第四纪范围内。部分样品经过重复检测获得了良好的重现性，这表明测量精度和准确度都比较高。经检测样品的大气４０Ａｒ／３６Ａｒ比值在２９５．５±５以内。这与当今大气Ａｒ比值２９５．５无明显差别，证明样品不含过剩４０Ａｒ和３６Ａｒ，测得的年龄值是真实可信的。大多数样品的测定误差在±５％以内，仅有少数几个样品的测定误差在±５～±１０％之间，这样的测试水平对年青的第四纪地质样品而言是完全可以接受的。     

天然气中稀有气体同位素测试结果的比对与讨论

根据天然气稀有气体同位素地球化学论著中已发表的数据 ,作者将中国和日本的分析项目数与数据质量分别进行了对比 ,认为中国的天然气中稀有气体同位素分析项目相对较少 ,但数据是准确、可靠的 ,具有国际可比性。对分析项目少的原因 ,从技术上进行了讨论和分析 ,指出国内目前主机都缺少四极质谱和低温泵等外围设备 ,是造成分析项目少的主要原因 ,需同行们关注与努力     

天然气中稀有气体浓度与同位素比值联测技术及应用

研制了天然气中稀有气体纯化富集的前处理装置,并与稀有气体同位素质谱仪联用,构建了气体样品中He、Ne、Ar、Kr、Xe浓度和同位素比值联测的分析系统,通过1次进样可得到5种稀有气体组分浓度和同位素比值的共计23个数据。稀有气体纯化效果可达99.9%,质谱分析He、Ne、Ar、Kr浓度的相对标准偏差小于10%,同位素比值分析的标准偏差普遍小于5%。将该方法用于分析塔里木盆地天然气样品,得到了丰富的地质地球化学信息,通过稀有气体分布特征进一步明确了塔河和雅克拉气田区域构造活动的差异,以及二者气源岩特性的不同。     

氦、氩同位素分析在天然气成藏规律研究中的应用——以川西盆地中部天然气He、Ar同位素组成分析为例

The purpose of the present paper is to show He, Ar isotopic application to studying the accumulation mechanism of natural gases in the central areas of ( Xiaoquan, Xincheng and Hexinchang ) Western Sichuan Basin. The gas reservoirs occur at depths ranging from 560m to 4566m, in which CH4 dominates, occupying up to 92% to 99% by volum of the gas samples, and being believed to be thermogenetic in source. The samples all have ^40Ar/^36Ar ratios greater than the atmospheric value(295.5). The calculated radiogenic ^40Ar content ranges in 20% to 60% by the total volum of each sample. And the ^3He/^5He ratios(R/Ra=0.01-0.1), suggesting that all the He in these samples is entirely crust radiogenic. The radiogenic ^4He/^40Ar ratios are 1.3 times to 29 times greater than the crustal production ratio(4.92), being attributed to the preferential transport of ^4He relative to ^40Ar in fluxes from the basement into the upper strata. The observed correlation between the CH4/^36Ar and ^4He/^40Ar ratios clearly indicates that the thermogenetic CH4, and crust radiogenic ^4He and ^40Ar, as well as atmopheric ^36Ar are intimately associated. These characteristics require a common carrier intermediate to the sampled reservoirs, where these differentially originated gases are well mixed and stored together in prior to entrapment into gas reservoirs.     

石英的^40Ar／^39Ar定年方法及Ar同位素质谱分析

石英中Ｋ含量极低，而且一般含有包体成分（气相、液相或固相）的干扰，用常规Ｋ—Ａｒ稀释法很难测定其同位素地质年龄。采用４０Ａｒ／３９Ａｒ快中子活化定年法，通过石英中３９Ｋ（ｎ·Ｐ）３９Ａｒ核反应，把微量Ｋ的化学分析转化为３９Ａｒ静态质谱法测定，从样品挑选、样品用量、照射时间、实验流程、质谱分析及数据处理诸环节严格把关，使Ｃｌ和过剩Ａｒ的干扰降低到最小限度，就能得到比较可靠的年龄数据，进而获得含金石英脉的成矿时代。     

四川盆地西部天然气碳同位素组成分析及应用

测定了 1 4种四川盆地西部南段平落坝气田和中段新场气田天然气样品的甲、乙烷碳同位素组成。这些样品的 δ13C1>-3 .92 % ,C2 +/Σ Cn>0 .8% ,结果表明这两处气田的烃类气体是由沉积物有机质经热解作用生成的。由此两处气田的δ13C1、δ13C2 相对分馏值 ,计算出气田的烃源岩生烃温度分别为 5 1～ 81℃、1 0 0～1 1 8℃ ;并从两处气田各气藏的 δ13C1、δ13C2 值同气藏深度的良好函数关系及其同位素分馏机理 ,认识到平落坝气田和新场气田的烃类是从下伏烃源岩垂直向上迁移而聚集成藏的     

磨损气缸的测量及数据分析

利用气缸磨损规律和公差理论,分析怎样测量磨损气缸及处理测量数据。     

气体同位素质谱仪MTA271分析天然气组分的方法研究

首次用气体同位素质谱仪MAT271测试天然气组成。测试了MAT271的精密度,证明该仪器符合气体组分分析要求。对比了MAT271与色谱中C2/C1值,误差不超过0.01。检测了天然气每个主要组分标准谱,通过数学方法确定了每个组分的定量计算公式。通过该方法测试了标准气体,其中非烃组分相对标准误差均低于0.01%,烃类组分标准偏差也基本在0.1%以下。并将测得的组分结果与标准气体组分数据进行了比对。总结了该方法的优缺点,此方法适合于干气（CH4含量大于90%）的组分检测。     

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天然气管道开裂失效分析

摘要：对发生开裂的天然气管道进行了系统的分析与测试,如宏观分析、成分分析、金相组织分析、硬度测试、氢含量测试、扫描电镜观察等。结果表明,管道开裂的机理为氢致开裂,管道局部的划伤是管道发生开裂的主要原因。     

DPC-2804型往复式天然气压缩机在长庆气田中的应用及常见故障分析

通过对DPC-2804型往复式天然气压缩机的介绍,针对该机组在长庆气田的使用过程中出现的问题及故障进行了分析和解决,并提出了一些技术改进。     

Comparative Analysis of Gas Emissions from a Vehicle Running on Ethanol and Natural Gas Fuel

It is known that the transport sector has a fundamental importance in the modem society, as the economic development is directly linked to mobility. Over the years, the transport became linked to different environmental problems, which can be detached greenhouse gases emissions in the atmosphere, where in recent decades can be perceived the intensification and targeting of efforts in research and development of new technologies to reduce the levels of greenhouse gases emissions in the atmosphere. In this context, it can be highlighted the modem systems of electronic engine management, new automotive catalysts and the use of renewable fuels which contribute to reducing the environmental impact. This research had, as its purpose, the analysis of fuels characteristics used for testing, comparative analysis of gas emissions from a motor vehicle running on ethanol or natural gas fuels according to NBR 6601 and conducting tests to estimate the maximum catalytic efficiency. For the implementation of trial, a flex vehicle was installed in a chassis dynamometer equipped with a gas analyzer, in order that before the completion of the urban driving cycle, were determined the content of hydrocarbons corrected, carbon monoxide corrected, carbon dioxide and oxygen present in gas emissions from the engine. The research concluded that： the performance analysis for characterization of fuel showed consistent with ANP specifications; after tests performances, it can be stated that natural gas fuel was the fuel which had the highest content of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide corrected, while ethanol had the highest amount of carbon dioxide and oxygen residue present in gas emissions; before a comparative analysis, the vehicle catalyst showed the best performance for reducing the content of hydrocarbon corrected present in exhaustion gases when it worked with natural gas fuel and showed maximum efficiency of 100% to reduce the content of carbon monoxide corrected for both fuels. Before this, it can be stated that the vehicle catal     

天然气单体烃氢同位素组成质谱分析

用色谱 -热转换 -质谱 ( GC/ TC/ MS)对天然气单体烃氢同位素组成进行了测定。实验表明 :热转换温度、进样量和分流比等条件的改变对氢同位素组成的测量结果有影响。以文 3 1井甲烷氢同位素组成 ( -1 5 4‰ )为参考 ,对天然气中甲烷、乙烷和丙烷氢同位素组成的测量不确定度进行了分析。结果表明 :甲烷和乙烷的测量精度都较高 ,但由于参考标准的不确定度较大 ,所以测量结果的不确定度较大     

影响烃类天然气中稀有气体同位素准确测量的干扰因素与消除途径

在烃类天然气中 ,由于稀有气体的含量很微 ,所以其同位素组成的检测相对较困难。要实现稀有气体同位素的准确测量 ,还必需排除诸多的干扰因素。本文作者根据多年的实践经验和理论分析 ,认为影响烃类天然气中稀有气体同位素准确测量的干扰主要有 :离子碎片迭加、不同样品中稀有气体组分含量及其同位素组成的巨大差异、仪器系统的本底、漏率和吸附分馏等因素。本文还针对性地提出了相应的控制措施。     

天然气作为汽车燃料的应用

介绍了全球天然气资源的分布、天然气的用途和我国天然气的应用情况;叙述了天然气作为汽车燃料应用的工艺流程、国内外天然气加气站和天然气压缩机情况;说明了无锡压缩机股份有限公司天然气压缩机的特点。     

天然气孔板流量计的不确定度分析

目前天然气计量己制定了许多相关的国家标准、行业标准和计量检定规程等,但未形成完整体系,与国外相比尚有较大差距。本文着重探讨了天然气孔板流量测量中准确度要求和不确定度,分析了影响测量不确定度的几种因素。