单极脉冲法沉积聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩及其电容性能EI北大核心CSCD

聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)因具有非常高的离子电导率而被广泛研究。文中以EDOT为单体,采用单极脉冲法在不锈钢片基底上制备了PEDOT膜电极。考察了不同脉冲参数对PEDOT膜超级电容的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱表征PEDOT涂覆的不锈钢电极,确认了PEDOT由不规则的虚球体堆积成褶皱状结构,证实了Cl O4-成功掺杂于PEDOT膜中;通过循环伏安法、恒电流充电/放电和电化学阻抗谱得到:PEDOT电极展示出良好的比电容(128.64 F/g)、倍率性能和稳定性(循环2000次保留率达71.26%)。对于低成本、高性能的能量存储应用显示出相当大的潜力。     

单极脉冲法沉积聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩及其电容性能

聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)因具有非常高的离子电导率而被广泛研究。文中以EDOT为单体,采用单极脉冲法在不锈钢片基底上制备了PEDOT膜电极。考察了不同脉冲参数对PEDOT膜超级电容的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱表征PEDOT涂覆的不锈钢电极,确认了PEDOT由不规则的虚球体堆积成褶皱状结构,证实了Cl O4-成功掺杂于PEDOT膜中;通过循环伏安法、恒电流充电/放电和电化学阻抗谱得到:PEDOT电极展示出良好的比电容(128.64 F/g)、倍率性能和稳定性(循环2000次保留率达71.26%)。对于低成本、高性能的能量存储应用显示出相当大的潜力。     

复合酸掺杂聚苯胺电极膜的制备及其电化学性能的研究

采用了恒电压法在不同的电解液中分别制备出硫酸(H2SO4)和复合酸(SSA+H2SO4)掺杂的聚苯胺(PAn)电极膜.通过循环伏安法(CV)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和塔菲尔曲线(TAF),对H2SO4和复合酸掺杂聚苯胺电极膜的电化学稳定性、导电性以及耐腐蚀性进行了研究与表征.结果表明,复合酸掺杂的PAn电极膜具有较好的电化学稳定性、导电性以及较强的耐腐蚀性,更能满足实际应用的要求.     

聚苯胺膜的电化学合成机理及掺杂行为

采用恒电位法、循环伏安法研究水溶液中苯胺在破炭电极上电聚合过程及其影响因素,探讨了电化学聚合的机理及不同阴离子的掺杂行为。结果表明：电聚合的苯胺膜可分为两层,每层的形成都包括成核生长和沉积两个过程;在ＨＣＩ或Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中,ＰＡｎ成核生长是按扩散控制下的３－ＤＰ模式进行。聚合介质中掺杂阴离子对ＰＡｎ膜的电化学行为有重要影响,大分子聚丙烯酸阴离子可掺入ＰＡｎ膜中,但掺杂行为不同于小分子阴离子。     

阴离子对掺杂Co2+纳米Ni（OH）2性能的影响

为了考察阴离子种类对掺杂Co2+纳米Ni(OH)2性能的影响,采用不同镍盐制备出掺杂Co2+纳米Ni(OH)2,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、循环伏安技术(CV)和恒流充放电方法对材料物化性能和电化学性能进行了研究.研究结果表明,掺杂Co2+的纳米Ni(OH)2为β-Ni(OH)2,衍射峰发生明显宽化.样品颗粒的尺寸为60~100 nm,阴离子的变化对制得的Ni(OH)2的表观形貌有影响.恒流充放电实验表明,阴离子为NO3-时,样品的质量比容量较高,0.2 C放电达到了234.6 mAh.g-1.循环伏安测试表明,阴离子为SO42-时,样品有较好的可逆性,阴离子为NO3-或SO42-时有较高的质子扩散系数.     

镧离子电化学掺杂聚苯胺薄膜电极及其电容性能

采用循环伏安法(CV)制备了聚苯胺(PANI)和掺杂镧离子的聚苯胺(PANI/La~(3+))薄膜电极。利用傅里叶红外光谱、X射线衍射、场发射扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪对其结构和形貌进行了分析。通过循环伏安、恒流充放电(CP)及交流阻抗(EIS)等测试其电化学性能。结果表明,在0.5mol/L H_2SO_4电解液中,当电流密度为5mA/cm~2时,掺杂镧离子的聚苯胺比电容相对聚苯胺薄膜电极提高了100F/g,且镧离子掺杂后的聚苯胺循环稳定性明显改善。     

不同酸对界面聚合法合成聚联苯胺性能的影响

采用界面聚合法合成了本征态和樟脑磺酸、b-萘磺酸、盐酸掺及硫酸掺杂聚联苯胺.利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、循环伏安(cyclic voltamogram)等测试方法,对聚合物进行了表征.研究了掺杂酸种类对聚合结构、颗粒形貌、结晶性及电化学性能的影响.结果表明,本征态聚联苯胺呈现微米级棒状分布,具有一定的结晶性和电化学活性,质子酸掺入后其形貌虽无明显变化但尺寸有减少趋势;结晶性有所提高,其中硫酸掺杂聚联苯胺的结晶性最佳;循环伏安行为也有所改善,其中盐酸掺杂聚联苯胺的电化学活性相对较好且其电导率为1.41×10-3S/cm.     

电化学法聚吡咯/碳纳米管复合膜的制备与表征

以对甲苯磺酸(PTSA)为掺杂剂、碳纳米管(CNTs)为增强相通过电化学恒电位法在不锈钢电极表面合成聚吡咯/碳纳米管(PPy/CNTs)复合膜.采用扫描电镜(SEM)和四探针测试仪对PPy/CNTs膜的微现形貌和电导率进行表征.通过交流阻抗谱(EIS)、循环伏安法(CV)研究了PPy/CNTs膜的电化学行为.系统研究了...     

无钴镍基正极材料LiNi0.7Mn0.3O2 氟掺杂改性研究

以硫酸盐为原料,采用共沉淀-固相反应法成功制备了LiNi_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)O_(2-x)F_x(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)正极材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、循环伏安法(CV)、充放电测试等系统地研究了F掺杂对无钴镍基正极材料LiNi_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)O_(2-x)F_x(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)结构和电化学性能的影响。X射线衍射结果表明,所有样品均具有典型的α-NaFeO_2层状结构,随着F掺杂量的增加,材料晶胞体积逐渐增大;扫描电镜结果显示,F掺入使材料的一次颗粒形状更加规则、均匀、致密,且尺寸更大、结晶度更高。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试结果表明,F掺入之后,材料中二价镍的含量增加,其他元素的化合价保持不变。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和循环伏安(CV)曲线数据证实掺适量F可以减小电池的电化学转移内阻(Rct)和电极的极化作用。F掺杂虽然减小了材料的首次放电容量,但提高了材料的首次库伦效率和循环稳定性。     

聚对苯撑导电膜的合成及其电化学性能

本文采用电化学循环伏安法制备得到聚对苯撑(PPP)导电膜,通过FTIR、XPS、四探针、交流阻抗(EIS)等手段对其结构及电性能进行表征,并考察了电化学条件与聚对苯撑膜的电化学性能之间的关系。研究表明,合成的PPP膜的平均聚合度为10.8,电导率在2.0～5.0S/cm范围内。于0.6V恒电位10min后,PPP膜的掺杂量可达25%。在0～1.0V电位范围内,PPP膜具有良好的电化学氧化还原性。交流阻抗的进一步研究表明,随着外加电位的正移,聚对苯撑膜的掺杂程度提高,膜的Rct由0V的329.7Ωcm2降低至0.6V的15.60Ωcm2,Cdl由0V的1.164μFcm-2增至0.6V的172.7μF cm-2。膜反应电阻和双电层电容的变化表明PPP膜在掺杂过程中形成开放结构,便于溶液中的离子与溶剂交换。     

Growth of different shape Cu2O micro structures using PEDOT coated ITO electrode

Crystalline cuprous oxide (Cu2O) particles were successfully deposited on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [PEDOT] coated indium tin oxide (ITO) glass. PEDOT film was first prepared on ITO glass by electrochemical polymerization. Crystalline Cu2O particles were then deposited on the PEDOT film by applying various electrochemical synthesis methods using a copper sulfate precursor. The effects of applied electrochemical methods on the compositions, grain sizes and shapes, and surface morphologies of the electrodeposited films were investigated. The micro structures of Cu2O particles were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). When the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) were applied, fine Cu2O particles of cubic and pyramidal phase were formed, respectively. However, bare ITO electrode was used, metallic copper particle was obtained. It shall be assumed that PEDOT might act as a buffer layer in electrochemical reduction of cuprous ion. The details of PEDOT behavior will be the topic of future studies.     

New fabrication technique of conductive polymer/insulating polymer composite films and evaluation of biocompatibility in neuron cultures

Poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, produces a flexible composite polymer film with electrical, optical and electrochemical properties very similar to those of polypyrrole (PPy). The rate of electrochemical polymerization depends on the diffusion rate of the electrolyte across the PVA film to the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. In particular, a solvent with a hydrophilic nature easily penetrates into the PVA film. By applying this new process, we demonstrate a unique method of forming an electrically conductive pattern in PVA film. It will be possible to develop electrodes for electrical stimulation of the nervous system using the conducting polymer, PPy. Then, by applying a similar technique, we fabricated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT/PVA, composite films and investigated their basic electrochemical properties. Moreover, in this study, in order to develop a novel cell-culture system which makes it possible to communicate with cultured cells, fibroblasts were cultured on PPy- and PEDOT-coated ITO conductive glass plates for 7 days. The result reveals that the PPy and PEDOT films support the secretory functions of the cells cultured on its surface. The PPy- and PEDOT-coated electrodes may be useful to culture the cells on.     

Substrate treatment and drying conditions effect on the properties of roll-to-roll gravure printed PEDOT:PSS thin films

The optical, structural and electrical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) thin films printed by roll-to-roll gravure have been investigated. Corona treatment has been applied to enhance the adhesion of PEDOT:PSS on PolyEthylene Terephthalate (PET) web. It has been found that there was a stronger in-depth surface modification of PET with the increase of corona efficiency; however, the adhesion of PEDOT:PSS was not actually affected. Also, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Atomic Force Microscopy have been used to extract information on the mechanisms that define PEDOT:PSS properties. The increase of the drying temperature of the PEDOT:PSS films has been found to reduce the remaining water inside the films and lead to the decrease of the PEDOT:PSS particles size.     

Obvious enhancement in electrochemical capacitive properties for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) electrodes prepared under optimized conditions

This work investigates the effect of preparation conditions on the supercapacitive performances of the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) electrodes electrodeposited detailedly. These preparation conditions include electrode substrates, electrodeposition modes, parameters, and counter anions. Electrochemical characterizations indicate an evident impact of electrode substrates on the electrochemical behaviors of the PEDOT electrodes prepared. Graphite foils (GF) as the electrode substrate show better electrochemical capacitive properties relative to conductive glasses (CG). This can be ascribed to lower sheet resistance and better adhesion to the PEDOT films for the former. Moreover, SEM and AFM tests indicate that different electrodeposition modes, parameters, and counter anions would result in different morphologies and roughness for the PEDOT electrodes obtained, consequently affecting their supercapacitive performances. Among numerous preparation conditions, the polystyrene sulfonic acid salt-doped PEDOT deposited on GF substrates prepared with potentiostatic mode at 0.9 V shows the best supercapacitive behaviors, delivering the specific capacitance of 108.2 mF cm^?2 at 0.2 mA cm^?2, also exhibiting good rate capability and superior cycle performance (keeping 93.4% of initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles). This work indicates that the supercapacitive properties of PEDOT electrodes can be substantially enhanced by changing their preparation conditions.

     

Morphological characterization and analytical application of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Prussian blue composite films electrodeposited in situ on platinum electrode chips

Electrochemical in situ preparation and morphological characterization of inorganic redox material-organic conducting polymer coatings as thin films on platinum electrodes are presented. Composite inorganic-organic coatings consist of Prussian blue (PB) and [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)] (PEDOT), and PEDOT organic polymers doped with ferricyanide (PEDOT-FeCN). The PEDOT coating deposited from an aqueous solution containing the 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer and LiClO₄ as supporting electrolyte was used as a “reference” material (PEDOT-ClO₄). The composite coatings were prepared by electrochemical methods on platinum electrode chips, which consist of a 150 nm Pt layer deposited on 100-oriented standard 3″ silicon wafers. Electrochemical behavior of the composite inorganic-organic coatings is based mainly on inorganic component redox reactions. Different surface properties of the composite materials were studied. Thus, the roughness of the deposited films was measured by both atomic force microscopy (AFM) and profilometry, leading to roughness values ranging from 3 nm to 217 nm for PEDOT-ClO₄, and PEDOT-FeCN and PEDOT-PB coatings, respectively. AFM and Scanning Electron Microscopy pictures were also produced to characterize the film morphologies, and revealed a granular pattern of the deposited inorganic component inside the organic polymer matrix. Moreover, the adhesion properties of the composites were studied by AFM and proved to be very different from one material to the other depending on the film structure. The electrochemical responses of these composite coatings to H₂O₂ reduction were also investigated using chronoamperometry. A linear response over a concentration range from 1 × 10^− 4 to 1 × 10^− 5 M and a detection limit of 10 μM were obtained.     

Electrochemical deposition and evaluation of electrically conductive polymer coating on biodegradable magnesium implants for neural applications

In an attempt to develop biodegradable, mechanically strong, biocompatible, and conductive nerve guidance conduits, pure magnesium (Mg) was used as the biodegradable substrate material to provide strength while the conductive polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was used as a conductive coating material to control Mg degradation and improve cytocompatibility of Mg substrates. This study explored a series of electrochemical deposition conditions to produce a uniform, consistent PEDOT coating on large three-dimensional Mg samples. A concentration of 1 M 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene in ionic liquid was sufficient for coating Mg samples with a size of 5 × 5 × 0.25 mm. Both cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry coating methods produced adequate coverage and uniform PEDOT coating. Low-cost stainless steel and copper electrodes can be used to deposit PEDOT coatings as effectively as platinum and silver/silver chloride electrodes. Five cycles of CV with the potential ranging from ?0.5 to 2.0 V for 200 s per cycle were used to produce consistent coatings for further evaluation. Scanning electron micrographs showed the micro-porous structure of PEDOT coatings. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the peaks of sulfur, carbon, and oxygen, indicating sufficient PEDOT coating. Adhesion strength of the coating was measured using the tape test following the ASTM-D 3359 standard. The adhesion strength of PEDOT coating was within the classifications of 3B to 4B. Tafel tests of the PEDOT coated Mg showed a corrosion current (I_CORR) of 6.14 × 10^?5 A as compared with I_CORR of 9.08 × 10^?4 A for non-coated Mg. The calculated corrosion rate for the PEDOT coated Mg was 2.64 mm/year, much slower than 38.98 mm/year for the non-coated Mg.     

Preparation and characterization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrene sulfonate) composite thin films highly loaded with platinum nanoparticles

In this work, we propose a simple and efficient, low-temperature (∼120 °C) process to prepare transparent thin films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) loaded with high concentration (up to 22.5 wt%) of platinum (Pt) nanoparticles. Firstly, an improved polyol method was modified to synthesize nano-sized (∼5 nm) and mono-dispersed Pt particles. These nanoparticles were incorporated into the matrix of PEDOT:PSS thin films via a spin coating/drying procedure. The electrochemical activities of the PEDOT:PSS thin film modified electrodes with respect to the I⁻/I₃⁻ redox reactions were investigated. It was found that the modified electrode of PEDOT:PSS thin film containing 22.5 wt% Pt exhibited the electrochemical activity comparable to the conventional Pt thin film electrode, suggesting that this electrode has good potential to serve as a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells.     

Ultraporous poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for nanometric electrochemical supercapacitor

Ultrathin films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) have been prepared by electropolymerization on steel and indium-tin oxide (ITO) substrates under identical experimental conditions. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy indicate that the substrate affects dramatically both the morphology and topography of films when the polymerization times are very short. An ultraporous three-dimensional network involving ultrathin sticks with a fiber-like morphology was formed on ITO. Asymmetric and symmetric supercapacitors have been fabricated by assembling electrodes of PEDOT deposited on ITO and steel. The specific capacitance, electrochemical stability, supercapacitor behavior and Coulombic efficiency measured for devices with an ITO/steel configuration were similar to those reported for advanced PEDOT-inorganic hybrid composites. Furthermore, the performance of the ITO/steel assembly is higher than those determined for symmetric supercapacitors derived from two identical electrodes of PEDOT deposited on steel or on ITO. The unique properties of the asymmetric supercapacitors have been attributed to the ultraporous structure of the ultrathin films deposited on ITO, which is not significantly perturbed when the device is submitted to a very high number of consecutive oxidation-reduction processes, and the different electroactivities of the two electrodes.     

溴掺杂对PEDOT/PSS薄膜性能的影响及机理研究

为改善聚乙撑二氧噻吩∶聚（对苯乙烯磺酸）根阴离子（PEDOT/PSS）薄膜的光学及电学性能,采用共混-旋涂法在石英玻片上制备出溴掺杂的PEDOT/PSS透明导电膜,并就其掺杂导电机理进行了探讨.结果表明：经微量溴掺杂后的PEDOT/PSS薄膜,其透光性能与导电性能均得到提高;质量分数6%溴掺杂条件下,薄膜透光率为95....     

Chemical vapor phase polymerization deposition of layer-ordered conducting polymer nanostructure for hole injection layer

Layer-ordered and ultrathin films of conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was prepared through a chemical vapor phase polymerization method. The chemical polymerization of 3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomer was initiated in as-prepared oxidant LB films,and PEDOT nanofilms with layer-ordered structure was constructed. UV-Vis absorption spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm an interface polymerization of PEDOT in as-prepared LB films. The results of X-ray diffraction and secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that conductive PEDOT ultrathin layers were well located at different planes of LB films. The film deposition surface pressure and chemical polymerization time of PEDOT monomer in as-prepared LB films showed distinct influence on surface morphology and conductive performance of the polymerized PEDOT LB films. This layer-ordered conducting polymer ultrathin films was deposited on ITO surface as hole injection layer for organic light-emitting diodes, and the luminescence performance of devices was improved as well.