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[目的]明确蛇床子素对稻曲病菌的抑菌活性以及植物诱抗剂与其协同增效作用。[方法]采用生物学方法测定了蛇床子素对稻曲病菌菌株WC49和AC27的菌丝生长、产孢能力、培养滤液毒力和致病力的影响;田间药效试验测试了诱抗剂6%寡糖·链蛋白和生物药剂1%蛇床子素对稻曲病防治的协同增效作用。[结果]蛇床子素在质量浓度55 mg/L时,其对稻曲病菌菌丝生长、产孢能力、培养滤液毒力和致病力等有显著的抑制作用。田间试验结果表明诱抗剂和生物药剂分别在分蘖后期和叶枕平时期协同应用,2者的协同防治效果显著高于单独施用。[结论]蛇床子素对稻曲病菌有较好的抑菌活性,其与植物诱抗剂的协同应用具有很好的增效作用。 相似文献
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几种诱抗剂诱导烟草抗青枯病效果及其与链霉素混用增效作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]筛选对烟草青枯病有防治效果的诱抗剂及混配剂,为防治烟草青枯病寻找有效的药剂及方法。[方法]对烟草植株喷施不同质量浓度的诱抗剂单剂和诱抗剂与链霉素的混剂48 h后,采用茎基部穿刺法对烟草接种青枯病菌(Ralstonia solanacearum),置于光照培养箱内培育。[结果]200 mg/L壳聚糖处理的烟草在接种烟草青枯菌后7 d诱导抗性效果达79.17%。50 mg/L苯并噻二唑(BTH)与100 mg/L链霉素混用后增效系数为139。[结论]壳聚糖在50 mg/L时就有较好的诱导烟草抗青枯病效果;BTH与链霉素混用后增效作用明显,可作为防治烟草青枯病的一个方法。 相似文献
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纳米压印抗蚀剂研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
纳米压印是最有希望的下一代纳米成像技术之一.基于其机械压印原理,纳米压印技术可以实现的图形分辨率超越了在别的传统技术中由光衍射或粒子束散射造成的局限.本文介绍纳米压印技术的基本原理,回顾了近期纳米压印抗蚀剂的研究进展.对影响抗蚀剂性能的主要因素进行讨论,包括玻璃化转化温度/热稳定性、粘度/平均分子量、抗蚀性能等.分别介绍了热压印和紫外压印的常见抗蚀剂材料,这些抗蚀剂的主要部分包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PM-MA)、有机硅改性的聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酰胺酯、聚二甲基硅烷、聚乙烯基醚化合物、环氧树脂等,并给出这些抗蚀剂体系的优、缺点.本文还介绍了纳米压印抗蚀剂面临的主要问题,对纳米压印技术的优势和问题作了小结. 相似文献
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介绍了氟硅型抗指纹剂的合成方法,对各合成方法的优缺点做出评价。同时对抗指纹涂层的制备方法及抗指纹效果的评判方法进行了总结,对抗指纹剂的发展前景进行展望。 相似文献
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Moshe Inbar Hamed Doostdar Ronald M. Sonoda Gary L. Leibee Richard T. Mayer 《Journal of chemical ecology》1998,24(1):135-149
Some elicitors of plant defensive systems can induce biochemical changes that enable the plant to reduce disease incidence; however, little is known about the effect of these induced responses on insect herbivores. We approached this problem using exogenous field applications of several abiotic elicitors of defensive systems in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), and evaluated the ability of the elicitors [benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid (S)-methyl ester (BTH, Actigard); Probenazole; chitosan; salicylic acid; KeyPlex 350; KeyPlex DP2; and KeyPlex DP3] to reduce pest densities and to provide cross-resistance against various insect herbivores and pathogens. Only BTH provided cross-resistance and significantly reduced the incidence of bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria), early blight (Alternaria solani), leaf mold (Fulvia fulva), and leafminer larval densities (Liriomyza spp.). The effects on leafminer larval densities were more pronounced during the early stages of plant development. A trend of reduced densities of whiteflies (Bemisia argentifolii) and powdery mildew (Oidium sp.), although not significant, was also found on the BTH-treated plants. Other elicitors had no significant effect on insect populations, but Probenazole and KeyPlex 350 significantly reduced bacterial spot and early blight incidence. The antiherbivore effects of BTH on leafminers was confirmed in a laboratory two-choice experiment. Adult leafminers preferred untreated plants to the BTH-treated tomatoes as ovipositioning host plants, generally corresponding with larval performance. BTH induced high levels of pathogenesis-related proteins in tomato plants including peroxidase, lysozymes, chitinase, and -1,3-glucanases. The possible cross-resistance role of these proteins is discussed. The demonstration that exogenous induction of plant defensive systems in the field can result in lower damage caused by various pathogens and insects, supports the hypothesis that plant defensive systems may be general. 相似文献
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新型植物杀菌剂--苯并噻二唑类植物抗病诱导剂 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
植物抗病诱导剂是近年来发现的一种新型植物杀菌剂,苯并噻二唑类(BTH)就是其中重要的一类。对近年来BTH研究情况作一简要综述。 相似文献
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植物根际促生菌(Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR)借助其代谢过程或代谢产物来改善植物生长条件及营养环境。如固定空气中的游离氮,参与土壤中养分的转化,增加有效养分,分泌激素,刺激植物根系发育,抑制有害微生物活动,更重要的是有些PGPR能够诱导植物产生系统抗性。本文主要介绍了共生、非共生固氮菌和溶磷菌的功能以及应用,强调应在基础理论研究的基础上加大其产业化进展。 相似文献
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Trade-Offs in Plant Defense Against Pathogens and Herbivores: A Field Demonstration of Chemical Elicitors of Induced Resistance 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
Jennifer S. Thaler Ana L. Fidantsef Sean S. Duffey Richard M. Bostock 《Journal of chemical ecology》1999,25(7):1597-1609
Two signaling pathways, one involving salicylic acid and another involving jasmonic acid, participate in the expression of plant resistance to pathogens and insect herbivores. In this study, we report that stimulation of systemic acquired resistance in field-grown tomato plants with the salicylate mimic, benzothiadiazole: (1) attenuates the jasmonate-induced expression of the antiherbivore defense-related enzyme polyphenol oxidase, and (2) compromises host-plant resistance to larvae of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. Conversely, treatment of plants with jasmonic acid at concentrations that induce resistance to insects reduces pathogenesis-related protein gene expression induced by benzothiadiazole, and partially reverses the protective effect of benzothiadiazole against bacterial speck disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. We conclude that effective utilization of induced plant resistance to the multiple pests typically encountered in agriculture will require understanding potential signaling conflicts in plant defense responses. 相似文献
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药用植物内生真菌多糖研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
真菌多糖具有多种生理活性,广泛应用于医药、农业、食品等行业。基于植物内生真菌生长过程中会产生与宿主相同或相似的生理活性成分,药用植物生理活性的多样性赋予了其内生真菌活性的多样性,药用植物内生真菌是开发新型天然活性多糖的资源宝库。综述了近些年来关于药用植物内生真菌作为诱导子调节植物生长、代谢及其体外抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抑菌、降血糖等多种生理作用的研究进展。并对今后的研究方向进行展望,以期为药用植物内生真菌多糖的开发利用提供参考。 相似文献
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文章介绍了大型滨海电厂海水循环冷却水四种杀生处理工艺:(1)电解海水制取氯;(2)加次氯酸钠;(3)加非氧化性杀菌剂;(4)加液氯.通过对这四种工艺进行技术经济比较,得出结论,在条件允许的情况下,大型滨海电厂采用电解海水制氯工艺在技术上和经济上优于其它工艺. 相似文献