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《仪器仪表学报》2020,(2)
针对基于PZT移相的点衍射干涉三维测量系统中存在采样时间间隔过长和易受外界扰动影响等问题,提出了用于瞬态三维测量的点衍射干涉系统。通过对点衍射干涉三维测量系统光束偏振态调制并引入偏振相机,实现了三维空间坐标的瞬态移相干涉测量。针对偏振相机存在的视场误差及其对三维测量精度的影响,研究了基于相位插值的视场误差校正方法。为了验证系统方案的可行性,分别进行了数值仿真与三维在线测量比对实验。实验结果表明,利用本系统可实现亚微米量级的三维空间瞬态测量,且测量重复性小于5%。所提出的瞬态点衍射干涉系统具有对外界扰动不敏感、重复性测量精度高和快速测量等特点,为无导轨三维位移和尺寸等瞬态测量提供了一种可行的方法。 相似文献
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为了解决激光聚变靶丸表面形貌高精度测量与评定的难题,提出一种激光差动共焦靶丸球度测量与评定方法,该方法利用激光差动共焦测量系统的轴向响应曲线的过零点与其物镜焦点位置相对应这一特性实现对靶丸表面的定焦,通过将靶丸在两个正交的方向上分别旋转,测量并获取靶丸表面的数个截面,实现靶丸表面全形貌测量,利用最小区域球度评定算法,建立靶丸球度评定的三维模型,对靶丸表面形貌进行定量评定。搭建实验装置对靶丸表面进行采样测量,评定结果显示,该方法的测量重复性为0.15μm,为靶丸表面形貌测量与评定提供了一种可行方案。 相似文献
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为了准确方便地描述机械密封端面的三维形貌及泄漏通道,基于密封环端面断层扫描二维图像,研究开发了机械密封端面形貌三维重建程序;提出了机械密封端面形貌的表征参数,并建立了基于体素的密封端面计盒维数和孔隙率算法。研究结果表明:基于断层图像的密封端面三维重建形貌能有效地反映密封端面的三维计盒维数和孔隙率等参数;层与层之间的面孔隙率具有一定的变化规律,在体孔隙率不变的情况下,改变各断层面孔隙率的分布,可以控制动静环密封端面间泄漏通道的形成及泄漏通道的大小;当采样层数较少时,采样层数对计算结果影响较大,在采样层数达到一定数值后,采样层数对计算精度的影响越来越小。 相似文献
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针对激光聚变靶丸表面3D全形貌的高精度测量与评价难题,提出一种基于激光差动共焦原理的靶丸球面经纬迹线优化球度测量方法。该方法采用经纬迹线划分方案提高形貌信息采样覆盖率,实现靶丸球面形貌高效高精度测量。首先,利用差动共焦测量系统对靶丸球面经纬迹线上二维圆周采样点进行精准定焦,获取二维轮廓信息;然后,利用精密三维位姿调整机构和正交回转轴系切换被测截面,获取覆盖靶丸全球面多条经纬迹线处的高度信息;最后依据建立的靶丸球面经纬迹线三维坐标转换模型,采用最小二乘算法对靶丸球度进行高精度评定,并对靶丸表面进行形貌重构。实验结果表明:测量57条迹线,被测靶丸的球度误差为1.946μm。该方法为靶丸表面全形貌高精度测量与评定以及定性观察提供了可行性方案。 相似文献
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往复冲击条件下,由磨损引起的接触表面磨痕的三维形貌的改变对接触润滑效应的研究具有非常重要的影响。在传统傅里叶变换轮廓术(Fourier transform profilometry,FTP)测量系统中引入正弦光强产生装置以及图像实时采集处理系统,利用单幅条纹图像,快速、准确地重构出磨痕表面三维形貌。利用该测量系统对施加PB2400型润滑油方式下快速冲击一万次后的磨痕形貌进行了测量,利用FTP对采集的条纹图进行处理,获得该磨痕的三维形貌。将测量结果与粗糙度轮廓测量仪所得结果进行对比分析,验证该方法的可行性和有效性。将该测量方法与高速摄像机相结合,可以实现连续冲击过程中磨痕的瞬时三维形貌测量,为进一步研究接触润滑效应提出一种新的试验依据和方法。 相似文献
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基于相位法的三维形貌测量。提出了一种建立被测物体彩色三维形貌的方法。该方法采用主动光源投射一组光强呈余弦变化的光栅。并由一台黑白CCD工业摄像机对被测物体拍摄从而实现三维形貌的重建;然后对被测物体进行三色光投射。同时黑白工业摄像机拍摄被测物体,通过对所得图片进行分析。实现被测物体的色彩恢复。实验结果表明,该方法能够快速准确的获得被测物体的彩色三维形貌,色彩度误差小,可有效解决黑白工业相机无法进行色彩捕捉这一问题。 相似文献
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Error compensation method for a gantry robot and a laser-vision sensor-based chassis module measurement system 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Igor Dunin-Barkowski Seung-Han Yang Young-Suk Kim Sang-Ryong Lee 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2005,27(3-4):329-333
This paper describes an error compensation method for a 3D laser measurement system based on a gantry robot used for car chassis
sub-frame module dimensional inspection. The method is based on a geometrical model that describes possible distortions in
gantry robot installation. Implementation of the error compensation model allows a several-fold decrease in gantry robot positioning
error. 相似文献
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The use of areal characterization of surface texture with high accuracy in a quality control process requires reliability. Therefore, regular inspection of the measurement systems is needed. Important metrological features of a measurement system in dimensional metrology are the amplification factor and linearity.This paper presents a simple method for characterizing the axial scanning system of areal topography measuring instruments with little expense and effort, well suited for industrial routine calibration in the field. The method is based on employing a single material measure with a range of step heights. It is shown that the amplification factor and linearity deviations can be determined and adjusted for large axial measurement ranges. 相似文献
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轴向超声辅助端面磨削被广泛应用于难加工材料加工,而磨削后的表面粗糙度对构件摩擦、疲劳等服役性能有重要影响。超声振幅的大小对轴向超声辅助端面磨削金属表面形貌和粗糙度有较大影响,但是现有模型中并未考虑实际加载对振幅的影响,因此提出了一种考虑加载状态下振幅变化的轴向超声辅助端面磨削金属表面形貌及粗糙度预测方法。根据砂轮粒度及尺寸建立了考虑磨粒随机分布的砂轮端面模型,并对轴向超声辅助端面磨削磨粒的三维磨削轨迹进行了数学描述,生成了加工后的表面三维数据矩阵并对表面粗糙数值进行了计算。在此基础上,研究了粗糙度随振幅的变化规律,提出了振幅衰减形貌映射系数这一概念,并给出了其标定方法。通过振幅衰减形貌映射系数近似计算出加载状态下的振幅并代入到所建立的轴向超声辅助端面磨削表面形貌及粗糙度预测模型中,实现了金属表面形貌模拟及粗糙度预测。最后,通过试验对所建模型的正确性进行了验证。 相似文献
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This paper describes a unique single camera-based dimensional measurement with a self-calibration method of image-based measurement. The system has been designed and implemented in one of the integrated steel plants in India. The purpose of the system is to obtain the frontal cross-sectional area of an ingot irrespective of its distance from the camera head. Automatic calibration is achieved by attaching a magnetic template of known area. This self-calibrating system is further refined to correct for the various distortions arising out of lens characteristics. The results obtained through field trials have been reported and found to be quite encouraging. 相似文献
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Radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine for therapy or diagnosis (molecular imaging, PETscan, scintigraphy) are characterized in terms of volume activity before injection to patients. The current measurement process relies on dose calibrators which have to be calibrated by transfer standards, traceable to primary standards. For very short half-life radionuclides (few minutes), the metrological traceability can only be assured through an on-site calibration with primary standards. However, until now, there is no primary system for the direct measurement of such high activity radioactive solutions. This study presents the sub-system under development for the measurement of a sampled volume of the order of 1 μL with an associated relative target standard uncertainty of 1%. The volume of solution is a key parameter in activity per unit of volume calibration of radiopharmaceuticals solutions. This article focuses on the volume measurement method development and its validation by comparison to the gravimetric method.The paper, in a first part, describes the developed method and the associated hardware and software. The authors have chosen a non-contact optical method implemented by a microscope camera and associated optics in front of a transparent capillary.The second part of the paper describes the measurement process. Several image processing steps are described and the traceability to dimensional units is presented.Finally, the paper presents some validation results by comparison to a gravimetric measurement, including repeatability and accuracy tests. Further development and improvements, necessary for the finalization of the prototype and the measurement of nano-flow rates are discussed. 相似文献
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硬质合金刀具刃口是影响精密加工表面质量以及表面微观几何形貌的重要因素。针对目前测量过程中出现的问题,提出利用DLP技术来测量刀具刃口的三维形貌。其原理是用计算机产生正弦投影条纹,经数字投影仪投射到物体表面,条纹经物体表面调制产生变形,用CCD摄像机将变形条纹拍摄下来。再利用计算机进行相位场提取、相位去包裹,得到绝对相位值。最后经系统标定、坐标变换可得物体表面的三维数据基于数字条纹投射的光学3D传感器,这样能够很好很快地提取刀具刃口的三维形貌。 相似文献
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《Measurement》2014
This paper reports a digital controller based on a three dimensional adaptive filter demodulator (AFD) for micromachined vibratory gyroscopes with the goal of eliminating common-mode noise and reducing hardware resources. The least mean square (LMS) adaptive filter, which has advantages of fast convergence speed, lower noise and fewer occupied hardware resources, is adopted to demodulate the vibration velocity of the gyroscope and detect its phase shift. A three dimensional AFD is proposed to eliminate the common-mode noise and quadrature coupling induced by the initial capacitance mismatch. Simulation and experimental results have verified the effectiveness of this method. The measurement results of the digital controlled gyroscope show a zero bias drift of 24.6 °/h and a nonlinearity of 0.1% with the measurement range of ±200°/s. 相似文献