AZ10镁合金均匀化退火工艺研究

通过金相组织分析、显微硬度测试和热压缩实验,研究了不同退火温度和时间条件下AZ10镁合金铸坯的显微组织、显微硬度、热压缩变形抗力以及变形能,分析了退火温度和时间对铸坯组织转变、成分均匀化、变形抗力和变形能的影响.结果表明,退火温度对均匀化起主要作用,AZ10镁合金铸锭的均匀化退火的优化工艺为400 ℃×18 h.     

Al含量及均匀化处理对AZ系列镁合金组织的影响

为了在挤压生产中获取均匀的镁合金变形组织,需要掌握合金含量及均匀化退火对热挤压组织的影响规律.本实验通过在Gleeble-1500D热模拟实验机上对不同Al含量的AZ10,AZ31,AZ61和AZ91镁合金进行热模拟挤压,结果表明,经过400℃/12h均匀化退火,AZ10和AZ31合金均形成单一的α固溶体,AZ61合金...     

AZ系列镁合金热模拟挤压组织均匀性研究

将AZ10,AZ31,AZ61,AZ91镁合金在Gleeble1500D热模拟试验机上进行热模拟挤压实验,并对挤压制品的组织均匀性及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:合金含量、均匀化预处理与否及挤压比是挤压制品组织均匀性最重要的影响因素。挤压前经均匀化预处理比未经均匀化预处理的镁合金挤压组织更均匀,但晶粒更大,并且未经均匀化预处理的镁合金挤压组织具有未发生再结晶的岛状组织。合金元素含量越高的镁合金挤压组织越不均匀,但晶粒越细小。随着挤压比的增大,组织趋于均匀。     

Ce和均匀化对Mg-2.0Zn-1.0Mn镁合金组织和性能的影响

在Mg-2.0Zn-1.0Mn镁合金中添加稀土Ce进行均匀化和挤压实验,分析稀土Ce和均匀化对ZM21镁合金组织和性能的影响规律。结果表明,添加稀土Ce可以有效细化ZM21合金的晶粒,提高ZM21镁合金的力学性能,降低ZM21镁合金凝固过程中的潜热和凝固温度范围。均匀化退火对ZM21镁合金挤压制品的性能和组织影响较小,但对ZM21+Ce镁合金的性能和组织影响明显,两种合金的断口均为混合型断裂,其中ZM21+Ce镁合金倾向于韧性断裂。     

AZ31B镁合金挤压工艺研究

在油炉中熔炼AZ31B镁合金,用熔剂保护,石墨模铸造圆锭.铸锭经400℃×12h的均匀化处理后,进行热挤压,其挤压温度为400℃,挤压速度为1～2.5m/min,挤压比为10～45.共挤出了11种规格的棒材、管材、型材(工字型、槽型、角形、方形、T形等),挤压过程中均发生了动态再结晶,其抗拉强度σb在275～285MPa之间,屈服强度σ0.2 在220～225MPa之间,延伸率δ在15%～17%之间.所制订的工艺合理,挤压出的棒材、管材、型材有较好的力学性能.     

退火工艺对 AZ61镁合金铸坯组织及加工性能的影响

研究了均匀化退火对AZ61半连续铸锭的组织及变形性能的影响.通过组织观察、显微硬度测量以及在1500D Gleeble实验机上进行热压缩并计算变形能,分析比较了均匀化温度和时间对坯料组织和变形性能的影响.结果表明:均匀化退火有利于消除铸态组织中的枝晶偏析,不同均匀化退火工艺对第二相化合物的存在方式存在影响;AZ61镁合金硬度值随着退火温度的升高呈降低趋势;退火温度越高,AZ61镁合金热变形峰值应力大小随保温时间的波动逐渐变大;AZ61镁合金优化的退火工艺参数为400 ℃×12 h.     

AZ31与AZ61异种镁合金的TIG焊研究

采用TIG焊对AZ31与AZ61镁合金薄板进行连接,分别采用了AZ31和AZ61焊丝,比较焊接效果的影响.通过显微镜、扫描电镜、X-ray物相检测等实验方法,分析了两种焊丝焊接接头的外观形貌、显微组织、焊缝析出相及力学性能等差异.研究结果表明:采用AZ31和AZ61两种焊丝都能完成AZ31与AZ61镁合金薄板的对焊,获...     

AZ61镁合金热压缩变形组织研究

在gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机上以应变速率为0.01 s-1和1s-1,变形温度为350℃和400℃,对AZ61镁合金热压缩变形,并对变形试样显微组织进行了研究。结果表明:热变形过程中发生了不同程度的动态再结晶,得到不完全再结晶组织。变形温度和应变速率对再结晶程度、再结晶晶粒尺寸均匀性有明显影响;以较低的温度配合高的应变速率,热变形后发生再结晶晶粒均匀细小;变形温度高且应变速率高时,发生动态再结晶的区域变小,再结晶晶粒尺寸偏大且极不均匀,低温高速热变形有利于获得均匀细小的再结晶组织。     

热轧工艺对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响

目的研究大变形量热轧、累积叠轧和普通热轧3种不同加工工艺及后续热处理对AZ31镁合金的组织及室温力学性能的影响。方法将均匀化处理后的AZ31原始样品采用大变形热轧、累积叠轧和普通热轧3种不同加工工艺制备成板材,并进行了后续热处理。利用EBSD技术和力学性能测试,解释了其组织和性能的关系。结果剧烈塑性变形工艺及适宜的热处理工艺,可使AZ31镁合金保持高强度的同时还可兼顾优良的室温延伸率。大变形量热轧工艺制备的AZ31镁合金板材的细晶组织及室温拉伸性能,可与累积叠轧等传统剧烈塑性变形工艺相媲美,屈服强度达到289 MPa,延伸率为7%。结论与普通热轧工艺制得的AZ31镁合金板材相比,大变形量热轧工艺及累积叠轧工艺制得的板材具有更高的强度和塑性。剧烈塑性变形镁合金在低温退火后获得的混晶组织,具有优良的综合力学性能,强度比形变态样品略低,而塑性与完全退火样品相同甚至更好。     

均匀化对EK31镁合金组织与腐蚀性能的影响

为了研究均匀化热处理对含有稀土元素Er的EK31镁合金组织及其耐蚀性能的影响,本文利用光学显微镜(OM),扫描电镜(SEM),X射线衍射仪(XRD)和化学工作站研究了铸态EK31镁合金在均匀化温度为300,400和500℃,保温时间由0.5 h至8 h热处理后的组织结构和在3.5 wt.%的Na Cl水溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,EK31镁合金主要由基体α-Mg晶粒和β-Zr核相组成.经过300℃×6 h均匀化处理后,合金基体α-Mg中的β-Zr核相溶解扩散,在3.5%Na Cl水溶液中浸泡96 h后的腐蚀速率达到最低,为4.3×10-3mg/(cm2·h);当均匀化温度为400和500℃时,保温时间超过6 h后,在晶界附近富集的稀土元素Er生成Mg24Er5相,使该合金的腐蚀速率上升到1.1×10-2mg/(cm2·h).然而,与其它镁合金相比较,EK31镁合金具有优异的耐蚀性能,其原因为稀土元素Er在晶界附近形成富Er区以及Mg24Er5相的阻碍作用.     

Research on microstructures of sub-rapidly solidified AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

AZ61 magnesium alloy foils of 0.5–3.0 mm thick were successfully produced by using sub-rapid solidification technique. Microstructures of conventionally solidified (CS) and sub-rapidly solidified (sub-RS) alloys were examined by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the cellular grain of 1.8–13.5 μm can be obtained during sub-rapid solidification process. Phase compositions and microdistribution of the alloying elements in the foils were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), respectively. The eutectic transformation L → α-Mg + β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ and microsegregation in conventionally solidified AZ61 alloy were remarkably suppressed in sub-rapid solidification process. As a consequence, the alloying elements Al, Zn, Mn showed much higher solid solubility and the sub-rapid solidification microstructures dominantly consisted of supersaturated α-Mg solid solution. Meanwhile, the β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phases located in the α-Mg grain boundaries are largely decreased due to high solidification cooling rate.     

Hot Cracking in AZ31 and AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

This paper examined the impact of the number of thermal cycles and augmented strain on hot cracking in AZ31 and AZ61 magnesium alloy. Statistical analyses were performed. Following observation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) was used for component analysis. Results showed that Al content in magnesium alloy has an effect on hot cracking susceptibility. In addition, the nonequilibrium solidification process produced segregation in Al content, causing higher liquid Mg-alloy rich Al content at grain boundaries, and resulting into liquefied grain boundaries of partially melted zone (PMZ). In summary, under multiple thermal cycles AZ61 produced serious liquation cracking. AZ61 has higher (6 wt%) Al content and produced much liquefied Mg17Al12 at grain boundaries under multiple thermal cycles. The liquefied Mg17Al12 were pulled apart and hot cracks formed at weld metal HAZ due to the augmented strain. Since AZ31 had half the Al content of AZ61, its hot-cracking susceptibility was lower than AZ61. In addition, AZ61 showed longer total crack length (TCL) in one thermal cycle compared to that in three thermal cycles. This phenomenon was possibly due to high-temperature gasification of Al during the welding process, which resulted in lower overall Al content. Consequently, shorter hot cracks exhibited in three thermal cycles. It was found the Al content of AZ31 and AZ61 can be used to assess the hot-cracking susceptibility.     

AZ61镁合金无铬阳极氧化新工艺

为了减少环境污染和降低能耗,开发了一种高效环保的ZA61镁合金低压直流阳极氧化新工艺,采用电化学方法研究了氧化工艺参数对膜层耐蚀性的影响,获得了最佳工艺配方及参数为:100 g/L NaOH,30 g/LAl(OH)3,34g/L NH4HF2,34 g/L Na3PO4,电流密度0.03 A/cm2,最终电压DC 150 V,室温,阳极氧化时间600 s.耐蚀性测试结果表明,相对于AZ61镁合金基体和广泛应用的DOW17氧化膜,本工艺最佳参数下所得阳极氧化膜的腐蚀电位和点蚀电位均有明显提高,腐蚀电流密度显著下降,约为未处理AZ61镁合金的1/110,DOW17膜层的1/4.     

ZK60镁合金铸坯均匀化退火研究

通过金相组织分析和显微硬度测试,研究了不同退火温度和时间条件下ZK60镁合金铸坯的显微组织和显微硬度,分析了退火温度和时间对铸坯组织转变和成分均匀化的影响.结果表明退火温度对均匀化起主要作用.提出了ZK60镁合金铸锭的优化退火工艺为470℃×14h.     

AZ61镁合金的动态力学性能与显微分析

利用SHPB(分离式霍布金森压杆)技术对AZ61镁合金进行了动态压缩实验,并利用金相和扫描电镜对冲击后的试样进行了显微分析.讨论了该合金在常温下的动态断裂和塑性变形机制.结果表明:AZ61镁合会的动态压缩应力-应变曲线表现出较强的应变硬化特性,其屈服强度随应变速率增大而升高,断口呈现大量解理台阶和少量韧窝并存的混合形貌,塑性变形方式为滑移和孪生共存.     

基于数值模拟的 AZ61 镁合金挤压-剪切工艺

目的研究挤压-剪切变形的最优化工艺参数,分析各个工艺参数对AZ61镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。方法通过有限元模拟技术,分析了各个工艺参数,包括挤压温度、挤压速度、挤压比对AZ61镁合金成形结果的影响。结果通过对有限元模拟结果的分析和研究,得到AZ61镁合金成形的最佳工艺参数为:挤压温度为400℃;挤压速度为10 mm/s;挤压比越大,再结晶效果越明显,晶粒尺寸越细小。结论优化了挤压温度、挤压速度、挤压比等影响AZ61镁合金成形的因子,得到了符合实际生产的最佳工艺参数。     

Strain Softening and Hardening Behavior in AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

The deformation behavior of AZ61 Mg alloy during hot deformation has been investigated in wide temperature and strain rate range by a Gleeble simulator. Specimens are deformed in compression in the temperature range of 523～673 K and at strain rates of 0.001～1 s-1. It is found that the flow curves exhibit a peak and then decrease towards steady-state of classical DRX, which decrease with rising temperature and decreasing strain rate. The deformation behavior of the specimens can be attributed to the occurrence of strain hardening and softening. As stress decreases, the strain hardening rate declines at a fast rate when temperature rises or strain rate decreases. The shapes of θ-σ curves indicate some important features such as subgrain formation, the critical stress, the peak stress and steady stress. The onset of DRX can be determined by the point of inflection on θ-σ or Inθ-σ curves.     

冷却过程对AZ61镁合金凝固组织的影响

将AZ61镁合金液态凝固过程分为高温熔体和凝固两个阶段,研究各阶段冷却速率对铸态组织的影响,不同冷下铸态合金枝晶间距的变化及其对显微硬度的影响.结果表明:在高温熔体阶段随着冷却速率从0.65℃/s增加15.9℃/s,枝晶组织不断细化且尺寸更均匀,一次枝晶间距从230μm逐渐减小到80μm,二次枝晶间距从12.8μm逐渐小到9.2μm;凝固阶段在7.8℃/s至23.0℃/s不同冷却速率下,一次枝晶间距从105μm逐渐减小到73μm,二次枝晶距从10.6μm逐渐减小到8.8μm.两个阶段显微硬度值随冷却速率增大都呈增高趋势.相对于凝固阶段,高温熔体段的冷却速率变化对铸态凝固组织的影响更显著.     

Superplasticity Enhanced by Two-stage Deformation in a Hot-extruded AZ61 Magnesium Alloy

A two-stage strain rate deformation method is proposed to enhance the superplasticity in a hot extruded AZ61 alloy. In the stage-one of deformation, a relatively high strain rate was applied in order to obtain fine grains through dynamic recrystallization. The optimum strain rate for DRX at 300℃ was identified as -5×10-3s-1. Stage-two is conducted at relatively low strain rate in order to utilize the fine grains refined by DRX during stage-one to make the grain boundary sliding operate more smoothly, which resulting in enhanced superplastic elongation from 350% to 440%.