冷弯C型或Z型钢截面轴压时的局部屈曲和畸变屈曲

采用解析法研究"翼缘-卷边"截面的畸变屈曲,采用翼缘和卷边并联抵抗弯曲荷载的模型,提出卷边截面的等效抗弯刚度计算公式。采用解析法分析了Z形和C形截面轴压时的屈曲,得到了局部屈曲和畸变屈曲的临界应力、屈曲系数及其对应的半波长。并提出了精度良好,大部分情况下是略偏安全的计算公式。     

卷边槽形截面受弯构件畸变屈曲计算方法研究

采用能量法分析冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形开口截面受弯构件弹性畸变屈曲应力及其畸变屈曲稳定系数。通过与有限条法分析的畸变屈曲应力进行对比分析,表明建议的畸变屈曲应力计算公式具有较高的精度,通过简化计算得到畸变屈曲稳定系数计算公式及部分加劲板件的局部畸变屈曲统一计算公式;给出了卷边槽形截面受弯构件考虑畸变屈曲的稳定承载力计算方法。最后通过分析计算受弯构件试验的构件承载力并与试验结果进行对比,表明本文提出的计算方法是合理的,相对于现行GB 50018—2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》能更准确地计算受弯构件部分加劲板件屈曲稳定系数及卷边槽形截面构件的稳定承载力。     

集中荷载作用下卷边Z型钢檩条防畸变屈曲研究

为预防冷弯薄壁Z型钢檩条畸变屈曲的发生,采用有限元软件ABAQUS分别对承受跨中和三分点处集中荷载的简支Z型钢檩条进行防畸变屈曲研究,对比分析了四种形式的隔板对四种卷边角度的Z型钢檩条的加固效果和经济性。结果表明,仅在檩条的受压部分布置隔板材料的隔板d最有效,在设计的四种隔板加固形式中,隔板形式d的单位用钢量对屈曲荷载提升最大,且防畸变屈曲加固效果不弱于其他三种隔板形式,从经济性上应优先考虑。     

冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件畸变屈曲控制研究

基于部分加劲板件的畸变屈曲和局部屈曲的稳定系数比较,提出了冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件畸变屈曲发生于局部屈曲之后或畸变屈曲不发生的临界控制条件;给出了通过构件畸变屈曲计算长度控制畸变屈曲的临界条件;提出一种控制畸变屈曲的构造措施,即在卷边间加设缀板,并通过已有试验对其有效性进行验证,同时推导了卷边间缀板的刚度需求。结果表明：通过构件截面尺寸控制畸变屈曲不发生或发生在局部屈曲之后,可以不考虑构件畸变屈曲的影响,简化冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件承载力的计算;计算长度小于畸变屈曲半波长一半的构件不发生畸变屈曲;通过在卷边间加设缀板的构造措施能有效阻止部分加劲板件的转动,构件的畸变屈曲荷载和承载力都有很大的提高,缀板布置间距不同,构件承载力的提高幅度也不同,缀板间距越小,构件承载力提高幅度越大。算例分析表明,满足一定间距和刚度需求的缀板能够提高构件的畸变屈曲承载力或避免畸变屈曲的发生。     

冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴压构件畸变与局部相关屈曲试验研究

对卷边尺寸不同的两类腹板中间设置加劲卷边槽形截面,共18个冷弯薄壁型钢固支轴压试件进行畸变屈曲与局部屈曲相关作用的静力试验研究。得到试件的屈曲模式、相关屈曲行为、破坏模式以及极限荷载。试验结果表明：畸变屈曲与局部屈曲的耦合相关对试件的变形和极限荷载有不利作用;畸变屈曲与局部屈曲的耦合相关作用存有较大的屈曲后承载力;畸变屈曲与局部屈曲的耦合相关顺序,即畸变屈曲 局部屈曲耦合相关、局部屈曲 畸变屈曲耦合相关,对试件的变形、非线性平衡路径、破坏模式以及极限荷载的影响有所不同。采用ABAQUS有限元软件对试件进行模拟分析,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。     

冷弯型钢檩条的有效截面

冷弯型钢檩条按(GB50018—2002)计算,截面大多达不到完全有效,需对其作屈曲后的强度计算。而翼缘非全部有效的卷边槽钢、Z形钢毫无对称性,使应力分析计算十分复杂。本文针对承受重力荷载檩条的特点,论证畸变屈曲对设计不起控制作用,从而得出翼缘和腹板全部有效比较宽松的条件,现有卷边槽钢和Z形钢规格大部分全部有效。提出的公式既可简化计算,又可节省钢材。     

考虑畸变屈曲的冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件设计可靠度分析

基于已有的冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件承载力试验研究结果,对不同牌号冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面构件考虑畸变屈曲的有效宽度法承载力计算模式不定性进行了分析,并统计了冷弯薄壁型钢强度不定性和几何特性不定性。在此基础上,采用改进一次二阶矩方法,按《冷弯型钢结构技术规范》(修订稿)的抗力分项系数要求,计算了不同牌号冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面受压构件在不同可能荷载组合下的可靠指标。结果表明:对于LG550、S350、S280冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面受压构件,按《冷弯型钢结构技术规范》(修订稿)的抗力分项系数计算得到的可靠指标均能满足目标可靠指标的要求,证明了所采用的考虑畸变屈曲的有效宽度法计算构件承载力的适用性。     

冷弯C型或Z型钢截面受弯时的畸变屈曲

对C型或Z型檩条受弯时的畸变屈曲进行分析,指出了目前澳大利亚和美国规范采用薄壁构件理论分析畸变屈曲的方法,过高估计了翼缘-卷边的刚度,因而采用降低腹板对翼缘约束的方式,使得结果符合有限条方法的结果。通过采用卷边等效抗弯刚度,对翼缘采用板件理论研究,推导了腹板对翼缘的约束刚度计算公式,并将其用于翼缘-卷边的畸变屈曲计算和局部屈曲计算,与有限元方法的计算结果对比表明,得到的屈曲系数精度良好且偏安全。     

设加劲肋防止畸变屈曲卷边Z型钢梁的性能研究

采用设置加劲肋的方法控制冷弯薄壁卷边Z型钢梁在均布荷载作用下的畸变屈曲,应用有限元软件ABAQUS分别对4种带有加劲肋不同卷边角度的冷弯薄壁卷边Z型钢梁进行分析。综合考虑屈曲荷载的提升程度和用钢量,给出最佳加劲肋形式。研究结果表明卷边角度越小,加劲肋加固效果越好。     

腹板开孔冷弯卷边槽钢轴压构件畸变屈曲分析

采用通用有限元软件ABAQUS,对冷弯薄壁型钢卷边槽形截面轴压构件的腹板开孔的类型、开孔大小、开孔位置等参数进行分析,研究腹板开孔对构件发生畸变屈曲时屈曲稳定系数k值的影响。结果表明:开孔位置会影响其屈曲模式;多孔间距存在一个安全距离;腹板开圆孔或长圆孔时,构件屈曲系数k有着不同程度的降低。根据影响开孔构件畸变屈曲的主要参数,提出了开孔构件的端距限值和孔间距限值;对腹板开圆孔和长圆孔冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴压构件的畸变屈曲稳定系数进行分析并给出了相应的建议计算式。     

Distortional buckling of thin-web beam-columns

An approximate finite element method of analysis is developed for the distortional buckling of beam-columns. The member consists of a flexible web, to which is connected two rigid flange assemblies of arbitrary shape which remain undistorted during buckling. The method permits an economic computer analysis to be made of elastic distortional buckling of members under various conditions of loading, end support and restraint.Following studies of the convergence and accuracy of the buckling solutions, the method is used to demonstrate the effects of web distortion on the elastic buckling of lipped channel beams under moment gradient.     

Strength of cold-formed lipped channel beams under interaction of local,distortional and lateral torsional buckling

Cold-formed thin-walled lipped channel steel beams may undergo buckling modes such as short half-wavelength local buckling, intermediate half-wavelength distortional buckling and long half-wavelength lateral-torsional buckling or a combination of these before failure. ABAQUS software based on finite element analysis is used to analyse the interaction behaviour of these buckling modes in this study. The finite element model, after calibration with experimental results available in the literature, is used to perform parametric studies, to evaluate the behaviour and strength of such beams under different types of interactions due to variation of material and member properties. The large volume of synthetic data thus generated over a range of failure modes along with the available test results are used to evaluate different equations for calculating the strength of such cold-formed lipped channel beams. Based on the comparison, a method for the design of lipped channel beams failing under the interaction of local, distortional and overall lateral torsional buckling is recommended.     

中美规范关于卷边槽形受弯构件承载力比较分析

新近纳入北美规范NAS 2004的直接强度法对冷弯型钢构件的畸变屈曲要求单独验算,但《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》(GB 50018-2002)对此还无明确规定。在总结冷弯型钢构件畸变屈曲性能的基础上,对其承载力计算方法给予介绍,由简化模型计算得到的受弯构件的畸变屈曲弹性临界应力中,引入直接强度法计算“规范”(GB 50018-2002)附录中卷边槽形受弯构件的承载力。结果表明,附录中部分截面的受弯承载力由畸变屈曲控制。同时,NAS 2004与“规范”(GB 50018-2002)计算结果的比较表明,“规范”(GB 50018-2002)的计算规定虽安全,但太过保守。因此,提出将翼缘屈曲系数调高至3.0的建议。     

Distortional buckling of thin-walled inclined lipped channel beams bending about the minor axis

Based on the Generalised Beam Theory (GBT), two computing models are presented to analyse the distortional critical stress of cold-formed thin-walled inclined lipped channel beams bending about the minor axis. The computing model of rigid-body motion ignores the transverse bending deformation of the flange. However, the bending deformation of the flange is accounted for in the transverse bending computing model. Based on the transverse bending computing model, this paper puts up a simple method to take into account the in-plane bending of the flange. The results given by the rigid-body motion computing model does not correlate as well as those given by the transverse bending computing model with the results available in the literature. The accuracy of the transverse bending computing model is verified through comparison of its results with the known results. The comparisons demonstrate the importance of the bending deformation of the flange on the distortional buckling of cold-formed thin-walled channel beams bending about the minor axis.     

Distortional buckling of thin-walled inclined lipped channel beams bending about the minor axis

Based on the Generalised Beam Theory (GBT), two computing models are presented to analyse the distortional critical stress of cold-formed thin-walled inclined lipped channel beams bending about the minor axis. The computing model of rigid-body motion ignores the transverse bending deformation of the flange. However, the bending deformation of the flange is accounted for in the transverse bending computing model. Based on the transverse bending computing model, this paper puts up a simple method to take into account the in-plane bending of the flange. The results given by the rigid-body motion computing model does not correlate as well as those given by the transverse bending computing model with the results available in the literature. The accuracy of the transverse bending computing model is verified through comparison of its results with the known results. The comparisons demonstrate the importance of the bending deformation of the flange on the distortional buckling of cold-formed thin-walled channel beams bending about the minor axis.     

Design for distortional buckling of flexural members

For thin-walled flexural members composed of high-strength steel and/or slender elements in the section, a mode of buckling at half-wavelengths intermediate between local buckling and flexural—torsional or flexural buckling can occur. The mode is most common for edge-stiffened sections such as C- and Z-purlins, and involves rotation of the flange and lip about the flange—web junction. The mode is commonly called distortional buckling. This paper presents a design method for distortional buckling of flexural members recently drafted for use in the Australian/New Zealand Standard for Cold formed Steel Structures. Methods for computing the elastic buckling stress, and design curves for determining the distortional buckling strength are presented. Comparisons of different methods for computing the elastic distortional buckling stress are made with accurate solutions based on the finite strip method of structural analysis.     

受弯的冷弯卷边槽钢畸变屈曲强度和其相关屈曲承载力

受弯的冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢基本上有板件局部屈曲,截面畸变屈曲和构件弯扭屈曲三种屈曲模式,随后有它们之间的相关屈曲。由于畸变屈曲模式对缺陷的敏感度高,因此其屈曲后强度提高的幅度远低于局部屈曲模式。但是与局部屈曲模式相比,畸变屈曲模式抵抗破坏的能力却很强。可以用有限单元法计算受弯卷边槽钢截面的畸变屈曲强度。本文介绍了澳大利亚-新西兰标准AS/NZS4600-2005,用手算法计算受弯卷边槽钢截面的弹性畸变屈曲应力,並用直接强度法计算其相关的屈曲承载力。     

冷弯薄壁型钢构件的直接强度设计法

受压或受弯的冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢有板件局部屈曲，截面畸变屈曲和整体弯曲屈曲或弯扭屈曲三种模式。本文着重介绍板件的相关屈曲和计算截面畸变屈曲应力的方法并阐述了三种屈曲模式之间的相关关系。指出用传统的有效截面设计法计算受压和受弯冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢承载力的弊端，较详细地说明了用构件全截面计算的直接强度设计法。     

卷边翼缘工形截面构件的局部稳定性能

提出了一种翼缘卷边的工形截面薄壁构件,可以应用在轻型钢结构房屋结构中。由于翼缘板有卷边的加强作用,极大地提高了其局部屈曲荷载,从而使翼缘板可以不受板件宽厚比限值的约束,能获得比较好的经济效益。为此建立了翼缘卷边工形截面构件有效长宽比的概念及其计算公式,并通过变化几何参数对这种截面的局部屈曲性能进行研究和分析,从而确定卷边宽度系数的合理取值以及卷边翼缘宽厚比限值。