BIPV新技术在住宅建筑中的应用

BIPV是光伏建筑一体化的英文缩写,是将光伏发电系统作为建筑构件,与新建筑物同时设计、同步施工和安装,从而实现光伏与建筑完美结合的光伏建筑一体化系统;本文介绍一种BIPV新技术,＂高平整度一体化太阳能发电整体屋顶及安装方法＂,它采用结构设计的方法把太阳电池组件发电方阵形成一个整体屋顶建筑构件来替代传统建筑物南坡屋顶,实现了太阳能发电和建筑的完美结合。其设计之巧妙、结构之简单、功能之完善、安装之高效、效果之完美,不愧为是一种真正意义上的一体化建筑结构件,实现了真正的BIPV建筑,该技术已成功应用到国家级、省级太阳能光电建筑应用示范工程中,具有极为广泛的使用价值。     

基坑围护中的预制拼装钢筋混凝土构件选型及应用技术研究

在基坑围护中应用预制拼装钢筋混凝土构件作挡墙具有高效、经济等特点。通过试验方式选取合理的材料、确定最优的构件截面及合理的接头形式,并在考虑施工现场实际需求的情况下定制专项围护构件及施工设备,最终形成一种依托于工厂化生产的预制拼装钢筋混凝土构件的新型围护体系。经实践,该围护体系可有效替代传统钻孔灌注桩围护,具有良好的社会和经济效益。     

某集成工业化住宅外墙板系统水密性能内部研发试验

工业化住宅因其围护材料的革新,使用能耗远低于传统住宅;同时通过预制生产和装配式施工可大幅度减少建造周期,提升住宅的建造效率等原因,已在多数发达国家得到广泛应用。目前我国正在因地制宜试点开展相关的住宅产业化工作,结合对开发的新型、节能的工业化住宅外墙板系统（含1窗）内部水密性能研发试验,介绍该工业化住宅外墙板体系组成及试验过程结果。同时通过后续研究改进和试点推广运用,诠释企业重视研发试验对提高产品质量的意义。     

防水式BIPV一体化系统设计与示范研究

本研究为一种防水式BIPV一体化光伏系统的设计及发电仿真预测。项目选址在天津市滨海新区,对该光伏项目的设备选型、组件组串和电气接入进行设计,利用PVsyst软件对该BIPV一体化的光伏电站进行建模和仿真,结果表明该光伏电站年发电量可达126.23MWh,系统发电效率可达到87.5%。最终,在某公司自有建筑屋面实施建设了该BIPV一体化光伏电站示范项目,该光伏电站兼具了发电及屋顶防水功能。     

光电建筑应用委员会组织召开行业科技成果评估会

2014年11月10日,由中国建筑金属结构协会光电建筑应用委员会组织的“光伏建筑一体化屋顶发电系统”科技成果评估会,在杭州桑尼能源科技有限公司召开.杭州桑尼公司的该项成果,是将光伏组件作为屋面材料,通过自主研发的结构体系,所形成的一种能发电的新型屋顶.     

光伏幕墙(屋面)系统技术与应用

光伏建筑一体化概念的普及推广促使光伏幕墙（屋面）系统的技术近年来得到了迅速的发展。光伏幕墙（屋面）系统通过建筑物屋顶和墙面等围护结构与光伏发电集成起来．使建筑物自身利用太阳能资源产生电能。光伏幕墙（屋面）系统除了具备光伏发电功能之外．同时还具有建筑外围护所必需的性能和独特的装饰功能。集光伏发电、建筑围护、建筑节能和建筑装饰于一体．充分体现了发展循环经济和可持续发展的建筑理念与发展潮流。     

光伏建筑一体化设计与运行分析

以深圳地区某光伏建筑一体化示范项目为例,详细介绍其光伏建筑一体化的设计形式,分析光伏发电系统作为建筑构件一部分在兼顾发电同时所起到的建筑功能作用;通过深入研究运行期间该光伏发电系统的各项监测数据,分析采用不同类型光伏组件、安装在不同位置的情况下各光伏发电子系统的太阳辐射与发电量关系,以及单位峰瓦发电量、发电效率等数据指标,对比各光伏发电子系统的运行效果,给出光伏建筑一体化的设计建议,为后续类似项目提供参考借鉴。     

三菱3兆瓦太阳能光伏电池板在意大利独立建筑的最大屋顶上安装

2009年11月20日,三菱电机公司在意大利物流中心普拉托CNNA完成了一项2906千瓦的太阳能光伏项目,该公司表示,此项目成为意大利独立建筑系统上安装的最大太阳能光伏屋顶项目。该项目使用了15710各无铅焊接太阳能光伏组件,15650个模块(2895千瓦)已在仓库的屋顶,覆盖面积达21000平方米相当于5个足球场。每年屋     

CIGS光伏BIM族库在光伏建筑一体化设计中的应用研究

CIGS光伏建筑构件族库是将CIGS光伏组件与建筑构件设计相互结合建立的BIM族库。融合光伏建筑一体化深化设计经验的基础上,通过"配套零件-光伏组件-构造系统"的模式建立光伏建筑构造体系。光伏建筑构件包含了构造及CIGS光伏组件全面信息,可以在方案设计、项目施工与光伏运维中得到全方位应用。族库在方案中对光伏建筑构件快速批量生成,可直接对接光伏电气系统,并应用贯穿于设计各个阶段,实现光伏建筑一体化的BIM正向设计;同时,光伏建筑族库具有开放性,随着BIPV项目的深入,族库将得到完善与不断拓展。     

分布式太阳能组件与金属围护系统结合方式研究

分布式光伏发电系统是一种具有广阔发展前景的发电和能源综合利用方式,而金属围护系统在工业与民用建筑应用广泛,在介绍太阳能光伏组件的类型以及常见金属围护体系的基础上,对二者适合的结合方式进行了一定的研究探讨。     

Experimental study of wind loads on gable roofs of low-rise buildings with overhangs

Gable roofs with overhangs (eaves) are the common constructions of low-rise buildings on the southeastern coast of China, and they were vulnerable to typhoons from experience. The wind pressure distributions on gable roofs of low-rise buildings are investigated by a series of wind tunnel tests which consist of 99 test cases with various roof pitches, height-depth ratios and width-depth ratios. The block pressure coefficients and worst negative (block) pressure coefficients on different roof regions of low-rise buildings are proposed for the main structure and building envelope, respectively. The effects of roof pitch, height-depth ratio, and width-depth ratio on the pressure coefficients of each region are analyzed in detail. In addition, the pressure coefficients on the roofs for the main structure and building envelope are fitted according to roof pitch, height-depth ratio and width-depth ratio of the low-rise building. Meanwhile, the rationality of the fitting formulas is verified by comparing the fitting results with the codes of different countries. Lastly, the block pressure coefficients and worst negative pressure coefficients are recommended to guide the design of low-rise buildings in typhoon area and act as references for the future’s modification of wind load codes.     

Effects of wind on the transmission heat loss in duo-pitched insulated roofs: A field study

This article presents measuring results of the thermal performance of duo-pitched tiled woodframe roof designs. The roofs have been monitored in a test building, exposed to the outside climate. The experiment was part of a programme to study the hygrothermal performance of highly insulated envelope parts in situ, in order to investigate whether a good thermal quality (U = 0.2 W/(m² K)) is achievable with current residential construction practices in Belgium. The results show the effect of wind on the thermal performance of duo-pitched roofs. The measured thermal properties of the roof components are compared to the design values, and related to the wind speeds and directions registered near the test building. The established thermal effects are explained using tracer gas tests to show the pattern of wind driven air flow in the roofs.     

CFD modelling and thermal performance analysis of a wooden ventilated roof structure

Thermal comfort and energy saving are objectives of key significance that building design must meet. Since a low energy building can be obtained as a result of the good realization of all its components, roofs call for particular attention as they represent a large part of a building’s total surface area. In this paper the benefit of using ventilated roofs for reducing summer cooling load is investigated. The investigation has been conducted comparing a ventilated roof assembly with different channel heights (3 cm, 5 cm, and 10 cm) to the same non ventilated structure, assuming buoyancy-driven airflow. Direct comparison between the open and the closed roof structures as a function of different cavity heights and outside environmental conditions is presented. To provide fundamental information about the thermal performance of these building envelope components, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been used to develop correlations for the characterization of the airflow and heat transfer phenomena in the ventilation cavity which have been implemented in a whole year energy simulation software. The present analysis shows a conflicting discrepancy among the indexes of performance describing the actual energy saving potential of a ventilated roof.     

谈福建省居住建筑节能技术措施

根据福建地区的气候特点及福建省居住建筑围护结构热工特性,从合理建筑设计、改善外窗、外墙、屋顶等建筑围护结构热工性能方面入手,采取一定的节能技术措施,提高居住建筑的舒适水平。     

Entwicklung eines Flächenschätzverfahrens zur Abschätzung von Bauteilflächen als Grundlage für die energetische Bewertung von Wohngebäuden

Development of a simplified method to estimate the thermal envelope area of residential buildings. A calculation procedure for the estimation of the area of building envelope components has been developed. Based on the statistical evaluation of the data records of more than 4, 000 residential buildings the analyses gave mean values for the area of walls, windows, roofs and cellar ceilings and their dependency of the following basic factors: the area of living space, the number of heated storeys, the number of adjoining buildings. When applying the estimation procedure only these basic factors have to be collected.     

建筑节能问题

分析当前我国的建筑能耗状况,强调建筑节能的重要意义,论述了诸如建筑规划设计、围护结构(如墙体、门窗、屋顶)以及采暖空调等的各种节能问题。     

Effect of building integrated photovoltaics on microclimate of urban canopy layer

Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) has potential of becoming the mainstream of renewable energy in the urban environment. BIPV has significant influence on the thermal performance of building envelope and changes radiation energy balance by adding or replacing conventional building elements in urban areas. PTEBU model was developed to evaluate the effect of photovoltaic (PV) system on the microclimate of urban canopy layer. PTEBU model consists of four sub-models: PV thermal model, PV electrical performance model, building energy consumption model, and urban canyon energy budget model. PTEBU model is forced with temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation above the roof level and incorporates detailed data of PV system and urban canyon in Tianjin, China. The simulation results show that PV roof and PV façade with ventilated air gap significantly change the building surface temperature and sensible heat flux density, but the air temperature of urban canyon with PV module varies little compared with the urban canyon of no PV. The PV module also changes the magnitude and pattern of diurnal variation of the storage heat flux and the net radiation for the urban canyon with PV increase slightly. The increase in the PV conversion efficiency not only improves the PV power output, but also reduces the urban canyon air temperature.     

杭州东站10MWp光伏建筑一体化示范项目简介

通过介绍杭州东站10MWp光伏建筑一体化项目,推广太阳能发电用户侧并网或高压上网并网等成熟可靠的先进技术;利用现有、新建或改扩建公共项目屋顶,建设太阳能光电建筑,同时与建筑风格有效结合,实现建筑与太阳能一体化。     

建筑幕墙检测双供风波动系统

以现行国家标准<建筑幕墙气密、水密、抗风压性能检测方法)GWr 15227-2007为依据,对建筑幕墙水密性能波动加压法检测中存在的一些问题进行了研究.通过对目前检测市场上采用的几种检测系统进行比较,分析了各自的优点和不足,并在借鉴几种检测系统优点的基础上,提出了双供风波动系统的设计方案,为建筑幕墙检测系统的设计提供参...     

Evaluation of a PV-integrated building application in a well-controlled outdoor test environment

This paper presents the assessment of experimental data for electrical and thermal performance evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) systems integrated as cladding components into the building envelope, giving input to modelling and analysis work. From the experience gained in several EU research projects, an improved design for a common Test Reference Environment (TRE) has been developed. This specific design of the PV module and TRE makes it possible to study, through electrical and thermal energy flow analysis, the effect on electrical performance of using different materials for PV modules and the construction design of claddings. The results for a glass–glass PV module with forced ventilation are presented.