改进型Sepic变换器在光伏MPPT系统中的应用

设计了一种基于三开关的改进型Sepic变换器,将其应用于光伏发电系统最大功率跟踪(MPPT)控制中。基于改进型Sepic变换器的光伏发电实验系统进行了实验研究,实验结果表明了采用该改进型的Sepic变换器在传输效率和故障隔离方面的优越性。     

光伏并网发电系统的MPPT改进算法及其在光照突变时的仿真

利用MATLAB软件中的S函数编写了光照突变时光伏组件的模型,并依此建立了一个三相光伏并网发电系统的仿真模型。对传统的最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）算法进行了分析,提出了扰动观测法和电导增量法的改进算法,给出了基于光照突变时传统的恒定电压法和所提改进算法的跟踪仿真曲线,通过根据跟踪曲线的局部和总体的相对误差以及方差比较了这些算法的效果,指出改进的扰动观测法是一种特性较好并具有实用性的MPPT算法。由于仿真分析采用了三相并网运行光伏发电系统的仿真模型,得到的结论更适合作为实际应用参考。     

基于新型Z源逆变器的光伏并网发电系统

逆变器是光伏发电系统的重要组成部分,逆变器结构的选择与设计至关重要。文章从传统逆变器局限性入手,在重点分析了Z源逆变器的拓扑结构和工作原理基础上,提出新型Z源逆变器的拓扑结构,并设计了一种基于新型Z源逆变器的光伏并网发电系统。系统采用高性能DSP作为主控制芯片,研究了一种加入直通零矢量的双闭环控制方案,采用扰动观测法与最小二乘法相结合的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制方法,使整个系统更加完善、安全。     

分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪技术比较研究

基于当前光伏阵列最大功率点跟踪技术的研究现状,介绍了适用于分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪的各种常用控制方法,阐述了每一种控制方法的技术原理,分析和比较了这些常用控制方法的特点,总结了各自的优点和缺点,最后对分布式光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪方法的选择问题进行了探讨,并指出了具体选择方法时应综合考虑的各种因素。     

带修正函数的模糊控制在光伏发电MPPT中的应用

由于太阳能电池转换效率较低,因此要及时、精准地跟踪光伏电池的最大功率输出。文章针对光伏电池的非线性特性,在电导增量法和模糊控制技术的基础上引入了修正函数进行最大功率跟踪。利用Matlab仿真分析,比较了常规模糊控制法和所设计的模糊控制法的性能。仿真结果表明,采用带修正函数的模糊控制,在外部环境变化时,能快速准确地跟踪最大功率输出,输出功率波动小,具有较好的鲁棒性。     

太阳能光伏发电技术及其应用

随着现代工业的发展,全球能源危机和大气污染问题日益突出,太阳能作为理想的可再生能源受到了许多国家的重视。目前太阳能光伏发电技术正在迅速发展,应用的规模和范围也在不断地扩大,已成为当今世界新能源发电领域的一个研究热点。本文在介绍太阳能光伏发电基本原理的基础上,详细阐述了太阳能光伏发电的相关重要技术,论述了太阳能光伏发电技术的主要应用方式和应用领域,并分析了太阳能光伏发电技术的应用前景。     

模糊控制在小型风电系统MPPT中的应用

根据最大功率点跟踪的基本原理及常用风力发电控制系统的特点,提出了一种基于模糊控制、具有在线参数调整的自适应占空比扰动法,该方法能迅速地感知外界的风速变化,调整发电机与负载之间的功率匹配,使风力机以最佳叶尖速比运行.通过Matlab/Simulink仿真实验表明:采用模糊控制电路,风力机的输出功率大幅提高,在风速发生突变的情况下,也能快速地找到新的最大功率点.     

太阳能光伏发电的并网技术

光伏发电作为最有发展前景的一种可再生绿色能源,已经成为当今能源发电领域的研究热点,介绍了光伏发电并网技术的研究现状及关键技术,重点对光伏发电的逆变器最大功率点跟踪技术、孤岛检测技术以及光伏电站并网控制技术进行了讨论,并且预测了光伏发电技术的发展趋势.     

基于MPPT的两级单相光伏并网发电系统控制策略研究

文章对两级单相光伏并网发电系统进行研究,系统前级使用新型变步长电导增量法,来实现最大功率点跟踪;后级逆变器采用P-Q控制方式,实现快速电网电压跟踪;使用电压外环,电流内环的双环控制,使逆变器输出稳定的无功和有功功率。在Simulink中搭建仿真模型,结果验证系统不仅能够有效提高跟踪速度和精度,而且可以较好的抑制系统在最大功率处的波动,满足光伏发电对并网逆变器的要求。     

双支路光伏最大功率跟踪的并网逆变器的研制

阐述了具有双支路光伏最大功率跟踪功能的并网型逆变器的基本原理和关键技术。对双支路光伏阵列的最大功率跟踪、并网逆变器的反孤岛效应以及并网控制策略等进行分析,提出解决方案,并研制出3kW的样机,通过实验验证了方案的可行性。     

Power quality investigation of a solar PV transformer-less grid-connected system fed DVR

This paper presents a single stage transformer-less grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system with an active and reactive power control. In the absence of active input power, the grid-tied voltage source converter (VSC) is operated in a reactive power generation mode, which powers the control circuitry, and maintains a regulated DC voltage to the VSC. A data-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control scheme which performs power quality control at a maximum power by reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) in grid injected current as per IEEE-519/1547 standards is implemented. A proportional-integral (PI) controller based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) control scheme is implemented which controls the grid side converter during single-phase to ground fault. The analysis includes the grid current THD along with the corresponding variation of the active and reactive power during the fault condition. The MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from the solar PV array, and maintains the DC link voltage constant by changing the modulation index of the VSC. Simulation results using Matlab/Simulink are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and validations of the proposed novel MPPT and DVR control systems under different environmental conditions.     

Modeling and simulation of a grid-connected PV generation system for electromagnetic transient analysis

This paper addresses modeling and simulation of a grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPS) to analyze its grid interface behavior and control performance in the system design. A simple circuit model of the solar array is used to easily simulate its inherent characteristics with the basic specification data. Detailed power and protection control of the GCPS as well as its electrical circuits have been represented by user-defined and built-in components to take into account transients in normal and fault conditions, which are dominated by its power electronic controller. The model has been described with the reference to and implemented in PSCAD/EMTDC, a power system transient software package. Extensive simulation results are presented and analyzed to validate that the proposed simulation model is effective for control and protection performance evaluation of the GCPS in terms of electromagnetic transient analysis.     

电流前馈扰动法在光伏并网发电系统孤岛检测中的应用

分析了在光伏并网发电系统中孤岛检测的原理,在综合考虑已有孤岛检测方法优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于电流前馈扰动的孤岛检测方法。通过Matlab/simulink仿真表明,这种方法可以快速地检测到孤岛运行,检测盲区小,对输出电能质量的影响较小。     

光伏并网系统孤岛检测与防止

分析了光伏并网发电系统的孤岛效应现象.按照孤岛效应的国际通行标准,结合逆变器并网的等效电路给出了相位超前的反孤岛检测方法及其基本原理和实现过程.在孤岛效应下对光伏并网发电系统进行的试验分析表明,超前相位的检测方法能有效地检测出孤岛效应,并且固定的超前相位能有助于缩短阻性和感性负载时的检测时间,达到反孤岛效应的目的.     

Zero non‐detection zone assessment for anti‐islanding protection in rotating machines based distributed generation system

The challenges for a reliable operation of electrical power system have increased due to the presence of multi‐distributed generation units (DGs) in the distribution systems in order to meet the increase of the load demand. Detection of unintentional islanding situation is very important as non‐detection of islanding situation could result in a cascaded failure of the system. If the islanding situation remains undetected, the instability in the islanded part can lead to a complete failure of the electrical power system. This paper introduces a new passive scheme for islanding detection, which is suitable for multi‐distributed generation units based on rotating machines. The proposed method is based on the measurements of the system voltage and frequency to compute two indices called the islanding index and harmonics index. The islanding index is the main index used to discriminate and identify the islanding situation. However, the harmonics index in conjunction with a strategy called speed reduction strategy assists the islanding index to discriminate between islanding situation in case of a close power match and system disturbances. The simulation studies were conducted in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment, and various cases have been considered, such as normal operation, islanding operation, sudden load change, DG tripping, separation of some DG units, faults, etc. The novelty of the proposed strategy is that it provides fast detection and has zero nondetection zone compared with the existing detection methods. Moreover, the proposed strategy has no effect on the power quality, and the maximum detection time is almost 350 ms at a close power match. The results indicate that the proposed scheme is successful in discrimination of the islanding conditions from other grid disturbances, revealing its great potential to be able to detect islanding events. Finally, the proposed method is applied only for rotating machine based DGs, such as wind turbines. Wind farms' power generation system based on doubly‐fed induction generators is introduced in this paper as an example of DGs units.     

光伏并网电站数据采集监测系统

描述了计算机控制系统在光伏并网电站中的应用。介绍了数据采集监测系统的硬件结构以及软件的设计和实现。系统的硬件有并网逆变器、传感器、数据采集器等;系统的软件具有采集、处理、储存和查询功能。该数据采集监测系统为获取太阳能并网光伏电站的运行数据提供保证。     

A control scheme with performance prediction for a PV fed water pumping system

This paper focuses on modeling and performance predetermination of a photovoltaic (PV) system with a boost converter fed permanent magnet direct current (PMDC) motor-centrifugal pump load, taking the converter losses into account. Sizing is done based on the maximum power generated by the PV array at the average irradiation. Hence optimum sizing of the PV array for the given irradiation at the geographical location of interest is obtained using the predetermined values. The analysis presented here involves systems employing maximum power point tracking (MPPT) as they are more efficient than directly coupled systems. However, the voltage and power of the motor might rise above rated values for irradiations greater than the average when employing MPPT, hence a control scheme has been proposed to protect the PMDC motor from being damaged during these conditions. This control scheme appropriately chooses the optimum operating point of the system, ensuring long-term sustained operation. The numerical simulation of the system is performed in Matlab/Simulink and is validated with experimental results obtained from a 180 V, 0.5 hp PMDC motor coupled to a centrifugal pump. The operation of the system with the proposed control scheme is verified by varying the irradiation levels and the relevant results are presented.     

Probabilistic Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Network based reactive power control for grid-connected three-phase PV system during grid faults

This study presents a reactive power controller using Probabilistic Wavelet Fuzzy Neural Network (PWFNN) for grid-connected three-phase PhotoVoltaic (PV) system during grid faults. The controller also considers the ratio of the injected reactive current to meet the Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) regulation. Moreover, the balance of the active power between the PV panel and the grid-connected inverter during grid faults is controlled by the dc-link bus voltage. Furthermore, to reduce the risk of over-current during LVRT operation, a current limit is predefined for the injection of reactive current. The main contribution of this study is the introduction of the PWFNN controller for reactive and active power control that provides LVRT operation with power balance under various grid fault conditions. Finally, some experimental tests are realized to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

THD reduction with reactive power compensation for fuzzy logic DVR based solar PV grid connected system

Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used to protect sensitive loads from voltage disturbances of the distribution generation (DG) system. In this paper, a new control approach for the 200 kW solar photovoltaic grid connected system with perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique is implemented. Power quality improvement with comparison is conducted during fault with proportional integral (PI) and artificial intelligence-based fuzzy logic controlled DVR. MPPT tracks the actual variable DC link voltage while deriving the maximum power from a photovoltaic array and maintains DC link voltage constant by changing modulation index of the converter. Simulation results during fault show that the fuzzy logic based DVR scheme demonstrates simultaneous exchange of active and reactive power with less total harmonic distortion (THD) present in voltage source converter (VSC) current and grid current with fast tracking of optimum operating point at unity power factor. Standards (IEEE-519/1547), stipulates that the current with THD greater than 5% cannot be injected into the grid by any distributed generation source. Simulation results and validations of MPPT technique and operation of fuzzy logic controlled DVR demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.